Introduction to electronic warfare / D. Curtis Schleher.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Schleher, D. Curtis, 1932-

Series:

Artech House radar library

Artech House radar library.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Electronics in military engineering.

Physical Description:

xii, 559 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm.

Other Title:

Electronic warfare.

Place of Publication:

Dedham, MA : Artech House, [1986]

Summary:

This book clearly describes all the radar detection and jamming equations you need to design and analyze search and track radars. It reviews the hardware, theories, and techniques involved in modern EW systems signal processing and discusses present and future trends in EW technology.

Contents:

Chapter 1 Electronic Warfare (EW) Principles and Overview 1

1.1 Electronic Warfare Taxonomy 6

1.1.1 Electronic Warfare Definitions and Areas 6

1.1.1.1 Electronic Warfare Support Measures (ESM) 6

1.1.1.2 Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) 8

1.1.1.3 Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) 9

1.1.1.4 Electronic Counter Countermeasures (ECCM) 17

1.1.1.5 Electronic Warfare Simulators 19

1.1.1.6 Defense Suppression 22

1.1.1.7 Signal Security (SIGSEC) 24

1.1.1.8 Electronic Warfare Frequency Bands and Channels 25

1.2 EW Missions and Scenarios 27

1.2.1 The EW Radar Threat Scenario 28

1.2.2 The EW Communications Threat Scenario 36

Chapter 2 Electronic Support Measures (ESM) Receivers 45

2.1 Radar Warning Receivers (RWR) 47

2.2 Current ESM Receivers 56

2.2.1 The Crystal Video Receiver 59

2.2.2 The Superheterodyne Receiver 60

2.2.3 Instantaneous Frequency Measurement (IFM) Receiver 64

2.3 Advanced ESM Receivers 69

2.3.1 The Channelized Receiver 76

2.3.2 The Compressive Receiver 81

2.3.3 The Acousto-Optic Bragg Cell Receiver 89

2.4 Passive Direction Finding and Emitter Location 96

Chapter 3 Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) 109

3.1 Noise Jamming 117

3.1.1 Noise Jammer Effectiveness 129

3.1.2 Jammer Look-Through 133

3.1.3 Power Management 135

3.2 Deception Electronic Countermeasures (DECM) 138

3.2.1 Range Gate Deception 143

3.2.2 Angle Deception 145

3.2.2.1 ECM against Conical Scanning Tracking Radars 151

3.2.2.2 ECM against Monopulse Tracking Radars 152

3.2.3 Velocity Deception 160

3.3 Modern ECM Systems 165

3.3.1 ECM against Pulse Compression and Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) Radars 171

3.4 Expendable Electronic Countermeasures 178

3.4.1 Chaff 183

Chapter 4 Radar and Electronic Counter-Countermeasures (ECCM) 199

4.1 Radar Applications in Weapon Systems 200

4.2 Surveillance Radars 202

4.2.1 Surveillance Radar Design Principles 205

4.2.1.1 Surveillance Radar Detection Range

Clear and Jamming Environments 207

4.2.1.2 Low Altitude Detection

Radar Clutter 213

4.2.1.3 Surveillance Radar

Data Rate and Accuracy 217

4.2.1.4 Surveillance Radar Frequency Trade-Offs 219

4.2.1.5 Surveillance Radars

ECCM Considerations 221

4.3 Target Acquisition Radars 230

4.4 Weapon Control Radars 233

4.4.1 Tracking Radar Design Principles 234

4.4.2 Target Tracking Radar 238

4.4.3 Track-While-Scan Tracking Systems 239

4.4.4 Phased Array Tracking Radars 241

4.4.5 Tracking Radar

ECCM Considerations 245

4.5 Aircraft Control Radars 249

4.6 Weapon Location Radars 253

4.7 Missile Guidance Radars 254

4.8 Navigation and Mapping Radars 260

4.9 Radar Types and Characteristics 264

4.9.1 2-D Search Radars 265

4.9.2 3-D Search Radars 271

4.9.3 Moving Target Indicator (MTI) Radar 274

4.9.4 Pulsed Doppler Radar 280

4.9.5 Special Purpose Radar Types 283

4.9.5.1 Millimeter-Wave (MMW) Radar 284

4.9.5.2 Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) Radar 291

4.9.5.3 Over-the-Horizon (OTH) Radar 295

4.9.5.4 Bistatic Radar 298

4.9.5.5 Automatic Detection Radar 301

Chapter 5 Command, Control, and Communications (C[superscript 3]) Systems 311

5.1 Strategic C[superscript 3] Systems 314

5.2 Tactical C[superscript 3] Systems 317

5.2.1 Naval Tactical Data System (NTDS) 319

5.2.2 Tactical Air Control System (TACS) 321

5.2.3 Rapid Deployment Force C[superscript 3]I 323

5.2.4 Tactical Data Links 326

5.2.5 Tactical Communication Radio Nets 330

5.2.6 C[superscript 3] Navigation Systems 332

5.3 Command, Control, and Communications Countermeasures (C[superscript 3]CM) 335

5.4 Air Defense Systems 336

5.4.1 Early Warning Radars 343

5.4.2 Airborne Early Warning Radars 343

5.4.3 Ground Control Intercept Radars 346

5.4.4 Air-to-Air Missile Guidance Systems 347

5.4.5 Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) Systems 348

5.4.5.1 Missile Control Laws 352

5.4.5.2 Modern SAM System 354

Chapter 6 Radar and ECM Performance Analysis 359

6.1 Radar Detection Performance 360

6.1.1 Search Radar Detection Performance 361

6.1.1.1 Propagation Absorption Loss (L[subscript a]) 366

6.1.1.2 Beam Shape Loss (L[subscript b]) 367

6.1.1.3 Pattern Propagation Factor (F[subscript t],F[subscript r]) 369

6.1.1.4 System Noise Temperature (T[subscript s]) 377

6.1.1.5 Transmission Line Loss (L[subscript t]) 380

6.1.1.6 Receiver Matching Loss (C[subscript B]) 380

6.1.1.7 Collapsing Loss (L[subscript c]) 381

6.1.1.8 MTI Processing Loss 383

6.1.1.9 Signal-to-Noise Power Ratio 384

6.1.1.10 Search Radar Detection Range Calculation 398

6.1.2 The Cumulative Probability of Detection 407

6.2 ECM Jamming Equations 418

6.2.1 Repeater Jammer Equations 423

6.3 EW Receiver Sensitivity 425

6.3.1 Scanning Superheterodyne Receiver Sensitivity 431

Chapter 7 EW Signal Processing 439

7.1 Input Signal Processing 441

7.1.1 Signal Environment 441

7.1.1.1 Processing of Multiple-Pulse Emitters 443

7.1.2 EM Sensor Subsystems 444

7.1.2.1 Large Aperture Antennas for ESM 445

7.1.2.2 Low Radar Cross Section (RCS) Antenna Systems 446

7.1.2.3 Sparse Arrays 446

7.1.3 The Receiver Subsystem 447

7.1.3.1 Transform Receivers 447

7.1.3.2 Conventional Channelizers 448

7.1.3.3 Digital Transforms 449

7.1.3.4 Parameter Encoding 451

Intrapulse Parameters 451

7.1.4 The Preprocessor 452

7.1.4.1 Mapping, Binning, or Histogramming 452

7.1.4.2 Associative Memories 454

Window Addressable Memories 454

Content Addressable Memories 454

Random Accessible Memories (RAMs) 455

7.1.4.3 The Data Servo Loop 456

7.1.4.4 Single-Instruction Multiple Data Arrays 456

7.1.4.5 Agile Parameter Tracking 457

High Duty Factor Emitters 457

Agile Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI) Emitters 458

Agile RF Emitters 458

Wideband Intrapulse RF Emitters 459

7.2 Output Signal Processing 459

7.2.1 The Computer 460

7.2.2 Jamming Logic 460

7.2.2.1 Advanced Fully Power-Managed Jamming 461

Time-Managed Jamming 461

RF Management 462

Coherent RF 463

Digital Exciters 463

Coherent Repetition 464

Amplitude Management 464

Direction Management 465

7.2.2.2 Generating Control Signals 465

7.2.2.3 Programmable Techniques Generator 466

7.2.2.4 Time-Ordered File 466

Chapter 8 EW Technology and Future Trends 469

8.1 Antenna Technology 472

8.1.1 Fixed-Beam EW Antennas 474

8.1.1.1 Spiral Antennas 476

8.1.1.2 Horn Antennas 478

8.1.1.3 Helical Antennas 480

8.1.1.4 Log-Periodic Dipole Array Antennas 481

8.1.2 ECM Phased Array Antennas 482

8.1.3 Lens-Fed Multiple Beam Array 489

8.2 ECM Transmitter Power Source Technology 495

8.2.1 ECM Traveling Wave Tubes (TWTs) 499

8.2.2 Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) FET Amplifiers 505

8.2.3 Voltage Controlled Oscillators 511

8.2.4 Digital Radio Frequency Memories 513

8.3 EW Receiver Technology 517

8.3.1 Low-Noise Receivers 520

8.3.2 Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Delay Lines 520

8.4 EW at Millimeter Wavelengths 526

8.5 Low Observability EW Technology 534

8.6 Very High Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) 537

8.7 Artificial Intelligence 544.

Notes:

Includes bibliographies and index.

ISBN:

0890061424

OCLC:

11946084