Application of optimal control theory to enhanced oil recovery / W. Fred Ramirez.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Ramirez, W. Fred, 1941-

Series:

Developments in petroleum science ; 21.

Developments in petroleum science ; 21

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Secondary recovery of oil.

Control theory.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (253 p.)

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam ; New York : Elsevier, 1987.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

In recent years, enhanced oil recovery techniques have received much attention in the oil industry. Enhanced oil recovery methods can be divided into three major categories: thermal processes which include steam flooding, steam stimulation, and in-situ combustion; chemical processes which include surfactant-polymer injection, polymer flooding, and caustic flooding; and miscible displacement processes which include miscible hydrocarbon displacement, carbon dioxide injection of large amounts of rather expensive fluids into oil bearing reservoir formations. Commercial application of any enhanced

Contents:

Front Cover; Application of Optimal Control Theory to Enhanced Oil Recovery; Copyright Page; Contents; CHAPTER 1. ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY; 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. Need for Energy; 1.3. Current Oil Production Methods; 1.4. Efficiency of Present Production Techniques; 1.5. Unrecoverable Oil; 1.6. Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques; 1.7. The Price of Oil; 1.8. Production Potential From Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods; 1.9. Field Experience; 1.10. Evaluating Economic Potential; CHAPTER 2. OPTIMAL CONTROL THEORY; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Fundamental Concepts

2.3. Integral Functionals of a Single Variable2.4. Constrained Extrema; 2.5. An Optimal Control Problem; 2.6. Pontryagin's Maximum Principle; 2.7. Necessary Conditions for Distributed Parameter Systems; CHAPTER 3. SURFACTANT FLOODING OPTIMIZATION OF LINEAR CORE EXPERIMENTS; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Mathematical Modeling; 3.3. Numerical Solution Technique; 3.4. Berea Core Results; 3.5. Optimal Injection Strategies; 3.6. Computational Procedure; 3.7. Costate Equations; 3.8. Optimization Results; CHAPTER 4. THE DISCRETE MAXIMUM PRINCIPLE; 4.1. Introduction

4.2. Necessary Conditions for Explicit Models4.3. Comparison of the Discrete and Continuous Maximum Principles; 4.4. Necessary Conditions for Implicit Models; CHAPTER 5. ONE-DIMENSIONAL OPTIMIZATION OF THE MICELLAR/POLYMER EOR PROCESS; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Mathematical Model; 5.3. Numerical Solution; 5.4. Simulation of the Sloss Experiment; 5.5. Optimal Injection Strategies; 5.6. Computational Procedure; 5.7. Computation of the Costate Coefficients; 5.8. Optimization Results; CHAPTER 6. TWO-DIMENSIONAL OPTIMIZATION OF THE MICELLAR/POLYMER PROCESS; 6.1. Introduction

6.2. Streamtube Modeling6.3. Optimal Injection Strategies; 6.4. Computational Procedures; 6.5. Sloss Field Simulation; 6.6. Optimization Results; CHAPTER 7. TWO-DIMENSIONAL OPTIMIZATION OF THE CARBON DIOXIDE EOR PROCESS; 7.1. Introduction; 7.2. Mathematical Model; 7.3. Initial and Boundary Conditions; 7.4. Numerical Solution; 7.5. Simulation Results; 7.6. Optimal Injection Strategies; 7.7. Computational Procedure; 7.8. Optimization Results; CHAPTER 8. SUMMATION; 8.1. Enhanced Oil Recovery Optimization; 8.2. History Matching; 8.3. Future Problems; 8.4. Acknowledgments; Index

Notes:

Includes index.

ISBN:

1-281-78119-3

9786611781194

0-08-086879-7

OCLC:

476216055