Standardization of On-Vehicle Measurement of BEV Thermal System Energy Consumption and Range Impacts DENSO International America, Incorporated

Format:

Book

Conference/Event

Author/Creator:

Taylor, Dwayne, author.

Conference Name:

WCX SAE World Congress Experience (2026-04-14 : Detroit, Michigan, United States)

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Energy consumption.

Greenhouse gas emissions.

Digital twin.

Cold weather.

Weather and climate.

Local Subjects:

Energy consumption.

Greenhouse gas emissions.

Digital twin.

Cold weather.

Weather and climate.

Physical Description:

1 online resource

Place of Publication:

Warrendale, PA SAE International 2026

Summary:

This paper presents research and digital twin modeling results to support work on a methodology to properly account for the energy consumed by the thermal system of a BEV, for use within both existing Petroleum-Equivalent Fuel Economy (PEFE) calculations, and the proposed addition of hot and cold weather range values to the consumer-facing Monroney label [1]. Properly accounting for thermal system impacts would incentivize minimizing energy consumption of these systems, since 1) BEV PEFE is a direct input to an OEMs overall CAFE performance, and 2) the values on the Monroney label has some impact on consumer vehicle choice. The impetus for this work was Final Rules issued by the EPA and NHTSA in early 2024 eliminating A/C Efficiency Credits for BEVs from the 2027 MY, thus eliminating regulatory incentives to minimize energy consumption of these systems. Higher energy consumption will produce a number of negative secondary effects, including higher real-world greenhouse gas emissions, reduced vehicle range, greater strain on the nation's electrical grid, and higher vehicle mass leading to reduced vehicle safety - should OEMs opt to merely install larger batteries to address cold and hot weather range impacts instead of implementing lower energy-consuming technology. The results from the analysis, which ideally would be confirmed with follow-up vehicle tests, show that for a baseline, PTC-heat based system, thermal system energy consumption represents 19.2% of the total energy consumed by a BEV on an annual basis, using an ambient-VMT weighted approach. It seems to be the technical equivalent of "straining at a gnat while swallowing a camel" to focus so much time and energy on identifying incremental improvements in energy consumption from the propulsion-portion of a BEV, while by comparison ignoring the system that according to this analysis can account for nearly 20% of the total on an annual basis

Notes:

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Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license