Metal Hydrides for Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage, Volume 2 : Applications.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Yartys, Volodymyr.

Series:

Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials Series

Language:

English

Physical Description:

1 online resource (878 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Chantilly : Elsevier Science & Technology, 2025.

Summary:

Metal Hydrides: Materials and Technologies for Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage, Volume Two, Applications offers a comprehensive overview of the synthesis and chemistry of metal hydrides, the leading materials for hydrogen storage.

Contents:

Front Cover

Metal Hydrides for Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage, Volume 2: Applications

Copyright

Contents

Contributors

Preface

Foreword

Editor's acknowledgements

I Hydrides with tailored properties

1 - Mechanochemical synthesis processes in metal-hydrogen systems

1.1 Introduction to mechanochemical synthesis

1.1.1 Reasons to use mechanochemistry

1.1.2 Mechanochemical methods used for SSHSM

1.1.3 Ball mills

1.1.4 Reactive ball milling

1.1.5 The influence of the parameters on the milling and reactive milling outcome

1.2 Mechanical synthesis and processing of solid-state hydrogen storage materials

1.2.1 Mechanical synthesis and processing of binary hydrides

1.2.2 Processing and incorporation of catalysts during the milling of hydrides

1.2.3 Synthesis of magnesium-based ternary hydrides by reactive ball milling

1.2.4 Synthesis and processing of alanates and borohydrides by reactive ball milling

1.3 New methods of the mechanical synthesis of SSHSM

1.3.1 High-temperature high-pressure reactive milling

1.3.2 Low-energy attempts for synthesis and processing of hydrogen storage materials with the use of ball mills

1.4 Critical features to be considered while planning mechanochemical experiments

1.4.1 Choice of vial type and milling parameters

1.4.1.1 Vial and milling media material

1.4.1.2 Ball-to-powder ratio (BPR)

1.4.1.3 Milling speed and time

1.4.1.4 Vial filling factor

1.4.1.5 Atmosphere control

1.4.1.6 Temperature control

1.4.2 Contamination

1.4.3 Repeatability and uncertainty of the results

1.5 Conclusions and outlook

AI Disclosure

References

2 - Multiscale property manipulation of advanced functional materials by gas-solid reactions

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Basic thermodynamics of gas-solid reactions

2.3 Experimental techniques

2.3.1 In situ monitoring of hydrogen-solid reactions

2.3.2 Processing reactors for hydrogen-solid reactions

2.4 Hydrogen usage in processing of advanced functional materials

2.4.1 Hydrogen storage materials

2.4.2 Hydrogen decrepitation of hydrogen storage materials

2.4.3 Microstructure manipulation of rare earth intermetallic compounds

2.4.4 Hydrogen and magnetism: intrinsic and extrinsic properties, hysteresis manipulation

2.4.5 Hydrogen as an effective tool for recycling of rare earth permanent magnets

2.4.6 Hydrogen used for reduction of metal oxides towards sustainable metallurgy

2.4.7 Hydrogen as a tool for denitriding to induce chemical order in alloys

2.4.8 Hydrogen-induced amorphisation

2.5 Summary and outlook

3 - Thin-film metal hydrides

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Thermodynamics of thin film metal hydrides

3.2.1 Basic thermodynamics of metal hydrides

3.2.2 Interface effects

3.2.3 Clamping, volumetric expansion and stress release

3.2.4 Critical temperature, enhanced solubility and suppression of phase transitions

3.3 Experimental methods

3.3.1 Thin film synthesis and deposition methods

3.3.2 Hydrogenography (optical transmission measurements)

3.3.3 Neutron and X-ray reflectometry

3.3.3.1 Reflectivity of a slab of material

3.3.3.2 Contrast and scattering length density: The case of neutrons and X-rays

3.3.3.3 Example: Determining the hydrogen-to-metal ratio of tantalum thin films

3.3.3.4 Alternative techniques to determine the metal-to-hydrogen ratio in thin films

3.4 Applications and recent developments

3.4.1 Hydrogen storage

3.4.1.1 Size-effects

3.4.1.2 Kinetics

3.4.1.3 Alloying

3.4.1.4 Outlook

3.4.2 Switchable mirrors

3.4.2.1 Summary and outlook.

3.4.3 Hydrogen sensors

3.4.3.1 Hydrogen sensing materials

3.4.3.2 Readout mechanisms

3.4.3.3 Summary and outlook

II Structural characterisation of metal hydrides

4 - Metal hydrides studied by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and total scattering

4.1 Introduction

4.2 In situ diffraction studies of hydrogen release and uptake and of chemical reactions

4.2.1 Generation of high hydrogen pressures

4.2.2 Hydrogen release and uptake experiments

4.2.3 Metallic hydrides

4.2.4 Solid solutions and Vegards law

4.3 Investigations of polymorphic transitions

4.4 Thermal decomposition aided indexing of complex powder patterns

4.5 Ab initio structure solution

4.6 Completing and refining the structural model

4.7 Local structure study for hydrides of solid solution type alloys and intermetallic compounds by using total scattering expe ...

5 - Neutron diffraction studies of metal-hydrogen systems

5.1 Neutron powder diffraction studies for the characterisation of metal-hydrogen systems

5.2 Fundamentals of diffraction

5.3 Elastic scattering

5.3.1 Braggs law

5.3.2 Bragg peaks and diffraction patterns

5.3.3 Quantitative phase analysis

5.3.4 Software

5.4 Neutron diffraction

5.5 Neutron sources, facilities and instruments

5.6 Sources

5.6.1 European nuclear facilities

5.6.2 Nuclear facilities in the USA

5.6.3 Nuclear facilities in the Asia-Pacific region

5.7 Sample environments and cells

5.7.1 Cells

5.7.2 Sample environments

5.8 Examples of sample cells

5.8.1 Stainless steel cells

5.8.2 Zero matrix HP cell

5.8.3 Aluminium cell

5.8.4 Sapphire cell

5.8.5 Diamond and sapphire anvil cells

5.8.6 Electrochemical cell

5.9 Important examples of in situ experiments

5.9.1 Temperature dependent transformations at high temperatures.

5.9.1.1 Hydrogen-free materials. La-Mg-Ni alloys for the anodes of metal hydride batteries

5.9.2 High reversible hydrogen storage capacity materials

5.9.2.1 Composites of lithium borohydride: LiBH4-MgH2 and LiBH4-CaNi5 systems

5.9.3 Magnesium based H storage materials: Mg-Co and Mg-Ni-Co deuterides

5.9.4 H2/D2 pressure-driven transformations at PH2/D2 below 10MPa

5.9.4.1 LaNi5-D2 system

5.9.4.2 Laves type AB2 deuterides with C14, C15 and C36 structures

5.9.4.3 CsCl type AB intermetallics. Ti(Fe,Mn)-H2 system

5.9.5 In situ studies of pressure-dependent transformations at high pressures up to 100MPa D2

5.9.5.1 CeNi5-D2 system

5.9.5.2 ZrFe1.98Al0.02-D2 system

5.9.5.3 La1.09Mg1.91Ni9D9.5 and La0.91Mg2.09Ni9D9.4 deuterides

5.9.6 Alloys and hydrides studied at high static pressures and on cryocooling: Structure and magnetism of Y-based Laves phases an ...

5.9.6.1 YMn2-based deuterides

5.9.6.2 YFe2-D2 system

5.9.7 Structure and temperature-dependent magnetism of RTX type hydrides

5.9.8 Electrochemical transformations in metal hydride electrodes

5.9.8.1 LaNi5-type systems

5.9.8.2 RE3-xMgxNi9 systems

5.9.8.3 TiNi-D2 system

5.9.9 Commercial Li-ion batteries

5.10 Concluding remarks

III Applications of metal hydrides

6 - Hydrogen storage systems

6.1 General motivation and classification of hydrogen storage methods

6.2 Requirements to hydrogen storage systems

6.2.1 Stationary applications

6.2.2 Mobile applications in light duty vehicles

6.2.3 Special mobile applications

6.2.4 Challenges in the implementation of material-based hydrogen storage methods

6.3 Hydrogen storage materials-Operating conditions and performances

6.3.1 Metallic hydrides

6.3.2 Mg-based hydrogen storage materials

6.3.3 Complex hydrides and reactive hydride composites.

6.4 System integration

6.4.1 Solutions

6.4.2 Comparative analysis of the efficiencies of hydrogen storage systems utilising H storage materials

6.4.3 Design features of hydride containers

6.4.4 Tank wall materials

6.4.5 Raw materials for hydrides

6.4.6 Hydride expansion during cycling

6.4.7 Challenges in scaling up the size of the hydrogen stores

6.4.8 User cases for hydride tanks

6.5 Summary and future prospects

7 - Metal hydride hydrogen compressors

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Background

7.2.1 Principle of operation and main performance characteristics

7.2.2 Typical layouts

7.3 MH materials for hydrogen compression: Features and challenges

7.3.1 An overview

7.3.2 PCT properties

7.3.3 Degradation of the alloys and their cyclic stability

7.3.4 Poisoning tolerance

7.3.5 Hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics

7.3.6 Structure and morphology. Dilatation effects

7.4 Design and technology

7.4.1 Accelerating hydrogen absorption/desorption dynamics via improvement of heat transfer performances of metal hydride beds

7.4.2 Efficiency improvements: Metal hydride compressors as heat engines

7.4.3 Layout features of the metal hydride containers for hydrogen compression

7.4.4 System integration and operation features

7.4.5 Factors influencing the main performance characteristics of metal hydride compressors

7.5 Overview of past and recent developments

7.5.1 Recently achieved performance of the MH compressors

7.5.2 Medium- and medium-high-pressure compressors

7.5.3 High pressure compressors

7.5.4 Metal hydride compressors with low suction pressure

7.6 Applications and promising solutions for the future

7.7 Economical aspects

7.8 Summary and perspectives

8 - Metal hydrides-based thermal energy storage

8.1 Introduction.

8.2 Magnesium based heat storage materials.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

0-443-44874-4

9780443448744

OCLC:

1561175248