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Empathy, Social Networks, and Academic Achievement: Experimental Evidence on Cross-Productivity in Skill Formation / Flavio Cunha, Qinyou Hu, Yiming Xia, Naibao Zhao.

NBER Working papers Available online

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Format:
Book
Author/Creator:
Cunha, Flavio.
Contributor:
Hu, Qinyou.
Xia, Yiming.
Zhao, Naibao.
National Bureau of Economic Research.
Series:
Working Paper Series (National Bureau of Economic Research) no. w35370.
NBER working paper series no. w35370
Language:
English
Physical Description:
1 online resource: illustrations (black and white);
Place of Publication:
Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research 2026.
Summary:
We evaluate a parent-directed empathy development program for middle school students in China using a randomized trial with 2,246 students. The four-month mobile app intervention produced short-run gains in empathy and reduced bullying but no immediate academic effects. Over the longer term, treatment students were 3.2 percentage points more likely to enter elite high schools and 2.5 percentage points less likely to miss the entrance exam. We trace these gains to improved self-beliefs and a restructuring of classroom friendship networks that reduced academic homophily, revealing a social channel of cross-productivity: non-cognitive investments can reshape peer relationships to improve academic outcomes.
Notes:
June 2026.
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