Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics. (Part 1) / edited by Faris Q. B. Alenzi.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Alenzi, Faris Q, Author.

Contributor:

Alenzi, Faris Q. B., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Cancer--Molecular aspects.

Cancer.

Cancer cells--Growth.

Cancer cells.

Cell proliferation--Molecular aspects.

Cell proliferation.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (390 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

Singapore : Bentham Science Publishers Pte. Ltd., 2023.

Summary:

Today, treatment options for cancer patients typically include surgery, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. While these therapies have saved lives and reduced pain and suffering, cancer still takes millions of lives every year around the world. Researchers are now developing advanced therapeutic strategies such as immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and combination nanotechnology for drug delivery. In addition, the identification of new biomarkers will potentiate early-stage diagnosis. Molecular Targets and Cancer presents information about cancer diagnosis and therapy in a simple way. It covers several aspects of the topic with updated information on par with medical board levels. The book features contributions from experts and includes an overview of cancer from basic biology and pathology, classifications, surveillance, prevention, diagnosis, types of cancer, treatment and prognosis. The first part of this book introduces the reader to cancer epidemiology, genetic alterations in cancer, exogenous and endogenous factors in carcinogenesis, roles for growth factors in cancer progression, cell signaling in cancer, transcription factors in cancer, and cancer genetics and epigenetics. This comprehensive guide is a valuable resource for oncologists, researchers, and all medical professionals who work in cancer care and research.

Contents:

Cover

Title

Copyright

End User License Agreement

Contents

Preface

Dedication

List of Contributors

Introduction

Abdulaziz Bin Saeedan1,*, Mohd. Nazam Ansari1 and Amal Almohisen2

INTRODUCTION

Definition

Characteristics of Cancer

The Hallmarks of Cancer

Features of Cancer Cell

Epidemiology of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology in the World

Cancer Epidemiology in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Cancer Registries

CONCLUSION

CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

Cancer Traits

Present and Future

Khalid A. Asseri1,* and Afaf Ahmed Aldahish2

Mechanisms of Contact Inhibition and its Evasion

MALIGNANCY SUPPORTED BY THE DEFECTS OF THE TGF-Β PATHWAY

TUMOR CELL SURVIVAL AND DEATH MEDIATES AUTOPHAGY

Tumorigenesis and Tumor Progression Autophagy

Autophagy Inhibits Tumor Progression

NECROSIS HAS PRO-INFLAMMATORY AND TUMOR-PROMOTING POTENTIAL

NECROPTOSIS: A PRO- OR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY MODE OF CELL DEATH

NEW FUNCTION OF TELOMERASE

Tumorigenesis Due to Malfunction of Telomere

Telomeres as Suppressors of Tumors

Telomeresas a Potential Target for Therapy

THE NEXT GENERATION OF INDUCING ANGIOGENESIS

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Role in Angiogenesis

Cancer Therapy and HIF-1 Inhibitors

THE NEXT GENERATION OF ACTIVATING INVASION AND METASTASIS

Invasion and Migration

Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Metastasis

The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Generates Cells with Properties of Stem Cells

CDK and CDK Activating Enzyme

CKI

Cell Cycle Control and Cancer Treatment

CANCER OPPOSE APOPTOSIS

The Extrinsic Pathway

The Intrinsic Pathway

The Final Pathway: Caspases

INHIBITORY SIGNALS THAT MAY GENERALLY STOP CANCER DEVELOPMENT

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

PD-1 Inhibitors

CTLA-4 Inhibitors

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Exogenous Factors and Cancer

Baraa T. Alhajhussein1,*, Majed H. Wakid2, Najwa Mohamad Alsawi3, Hesham Hamdy Amin3,4 and Fahad Nasser Alonazi5

BACTERIA AND CANCER

Direct Bacterial Carcinogenesis

Indirect Bacterial Carcinogenesis

Other Roles for Bacteria in Cancer

Bacterial Cancer Therapy

PARASITES AND CANCER

Blood Flukes

Mechanism

Liver Flukes

Indirect Carcinogenic Parasites

VIRAL ONCOGENESIS

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)

Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs)

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV-8)

Human T-Lymphotropic Virus-1 (HTLV-1)

Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCV)

How Viruses Cause Cancer?

ROLE OF FREE RADICALS, CHEMICALS IN ONCOGENESIS

Sources of Free Radicals

Environmental Carcinogens as a Source of Free Radical

Development of Cancer and Free Radicals

Initial Stage of Tumor Formation and Free Radicals

Proliferation of Tumor Cells and Free Radicals

Angiogenesis and Free Radicals

Metastasis and Free Radicals

PHYSICAL ONCOGENIC FACTORS

Biology of Cancer

Rawiah A. Alsiary1,*, Hanadi A. Katouah2, Hiba S. Al-Amodi3 and Mashael Al-Toub4

CANCER CELLS AND CANCER STEM CELLS

Cancer and Tumor

Cancer Cells

Cancer Stem Cells

ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

Angiosarcomas

Tumor Endothelial Cells (TECs)

Tumor Endothelial Markers (TEMs)

Metastasis

Cancer Regulatory Systems

Angiogenesis

PERICYTES

PCs Origins and Activation.

PCs Contribution to Tumor Microenvironment and Cross-Talk with Cancer Cells

IMMUNE INFLAMMATORY CELLS

TAMs

B Lymphocytes

T Lymphocytes

Infiltrating Cells

Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs)

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs)

CANCER-ASSOCIATED FIBROBLAST (CAF)

CAFs Origins and Activation

CAFs Contribution to the Tumor Microenvironment and Cross-Talk with Cancer Cells

TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT (TME)

Cancer-Non-Cancer Cell Interactions Mechanism

Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs)

Tumor Microenvironment Alterations at the Histological Level During Carcinogenesis

TME at the Early Human Carcinogenesis Stage

TME at the Advanced Human Carcinogenesis Stage

GENOMIC INSTABILITY AND MUTATION

Cell Cycle

Regulation of the Cell Cycle

Genomic Instability Levels

Nucleotide Instability (NIN)

Microsatellite Instability (MSI)

Chromosomal Instability (CIN)

Checkpoints of DNA Damage

Mitotic Checkpoints

Telomere Maintenance

DNA Repair Pathways

Conclusion Remarks

TUMOR-PROMOTING INFLAMMATION

"Normal" Inflammation &amp

Inflammatory Response in Tumor and General Mechanisms

Inflammation &amp

Tumor Initiation and Progression

Involvement of Inflammatory Mediators in Genetic Mutations

Paving the Way for Carcinogenesis

REPROGRAMMING ENERGY METABOLISM

Glycolysis

Krebs Cycle

Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS)

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Mitochondria and its Central Role in Carcinogenesis

Metabolic Alteration by p53

Metabolic Alteration by Kras

Concluding Remarks

Growth Factors and Cancer.

Aisha Al Anazi1,*, Ravi Teja Chitturi Suryaprakash2, Kate Shearston2 and Omar Kujan2

GROWTH FACTOR INDUCED BASEMENT MEMBRANE BREAKDOWN AND INVASION IN CANCER

Growth Factor-Induced Basement Membrane Breakdown and Invasive Growth

Intravasation

Role of Breaching of the Basement Membrane in Tumour Progression

The Transforming Growth Factor-β Induced Invasion

TGF-β-Induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transformation

Epigenetic Modification and Basement Membrane Invasion

CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF THE ROLE OF INTRAVASATION, EXTRAVASATION AND DISSEMINATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CANCER

Macrophage-Assisted Tumour Cell Intravasation

Intravasation of Tumour Cells Fusing with Macrophages

Intravasation Associated with Trogocytosis

Extravasation

Tumor Cell Properties Promoting Extravasation

Therapeutic Targets: Intravasation and Extravasation

Extravasation of Leukocytes and Tumour Cells

Dissemination

Dissemination of Cancer Cells from a Primary Tumour

GROWTH FACTORS INDUCE EVASION FROM CYTOTOXIC THERAPIES: AS TARGETS FOR A NEW STRATEGY IN CANCER TREATMENT

Cytotoxic Therapy: An Alternative Approach to Treat Cancer Cells

Growth Factor-Mediated Evasion from Cytotoxicity

T-Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity

TGF-β and its Role in Tumour Evasion of Immune Surveillance

GROWTH FACTORS INDUCE ANGIOGENESIS

Mechanism of Angiogenesis in Cancer

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)

Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)

Other Modes of Tumour Vascularization

GROWTH FACTORS INVOLVED IN TUMOUR PROGRESSION

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) Family

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Family

Neuregulins and the EGF Family

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)

Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) Family

Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF)

Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β).

Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) Family

Neurotrophin Family (NF)

CANCER THERAPEUTICS TARGETING GROWTH FACTOR SIGNALING

Drugs and Mab that Target Receptors

Targeting of VEGF Signalling Pathways

Targeting TGF-β Signaling

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

Ligand Traps of Growth Factors

Oligonucleotide-Based Therapeutics

Cell Signaling Pathways in Cancer

Hajir A. Al-Saihati1,*, Mashael Al-Toub2, Hanaa I. Sharaf3, Manjari Singh4, Mohd. Nazam Ansari5 and Abdulaziz Bin Saeedan5

JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway

General Features of the JAK/STAT Pathway

The Role of the JAK/STAT Pathway in Cancer

Notch Signaling Pathway

General Features of the Notch Signaling Pathway

The Role of the Notch Signaling Pathway in Cancer

MAP Kinase, ERK, Ras, and Raf Pathways

General Features of the Map Pathway

General Features of the ERK Pathway

General Features of Ras Signaling Pathway

Raf Regulation

PI3/AKT Signaling Pathway

General Features of the PI3/AKT Signaling Pathway

The Role of the PI3/AKT Signaling Pathway in Cancer

Association Between PI3/AKT and Different Types of Cancer

Treatment for the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFκB) Signaling Pathway

General Features of the NFκB Signaling Pathway

The Role of the NFκB Signaling Pathway in Cancer

The Role of the NFκB Signaling Pathway in Cancer Therapy

Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

General Features of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

The Role of the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Cancer

TGF-β

General Features of TGF-β

Role of TGF-β in Carcinogenesis

Transcription Factors in Cancer.

Rawiah A. Alsiary1,*, Talat Abdullah Albukhari2 and Waheed A. Filimban3.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9789815080384

9815080385

OCLC:

1378305666