Networks on Networks (Second Edition) : Role of Connectivity in Physics of Geobiology and Geochemistry.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Hunt, Allen G.

Contributor:

Sahimi, Muhammad.

Institute of Physics (Great Britain), publisher.

Series:

IOP Ebooks Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Geobiology.

Geochemistry.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (347 pages)

Edition:

2nd ed.

Other Title:

Role of connectivity in physics of geobiology and geochemistry.

Place of Publication:

Bristol [England] (Temple Circus, Temple Way, Bristol BS1 6HG, UK) : IOP Publishing, [2024]

System Details:

Mode of access: World Wide Web.

System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.

Biography/History:

Allen Hunt was trained as a physicist in the application of percolation theory to transport in disordered systems. Post-doctoral experience in soil physics, geomorphology, and hydrology acquainted him with a series of difficult physics problems in porous media, particularly those of soil formation and soil processes. Hunt has over 150 refereed publications in the above fields, climate dynamics, and biological sciences in 45 traditionally archived journals, including Nature. He has been a Fulbright Scholar, and a National Science Foundation Program Director. He is currently Professor of Physics at Wright State University. His book, Percolation Theory for Flow in Porous Media (Lecture Notes in Physics, Springer) has gone through three editions in the past 10 years. He has earned teaching distinctions at the local and national levels, and his PhD student, Behzad Ghanbarian, received the Turcotte Award in 2015 from the American Geophysical Union for his dissertation advancing the science of non-linear geophysics. Muhammad Sahimi is Professor of chemical engineering and materials science, and the NIOC Chair in petroleum engineering at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. His research interests include flow, transport, reaction, sorption, and deformation in porous media, percolation theory, fracture and failure of heterogeneous materials and rock, and application of artificial intelligence to such problems. He has published over 400 papers and three books, is a Fellow of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers and the American Physical Society, and has received numerous research and teaching awards, including, among others, Humboldt Foundation Research Fellowship Award, the Khwarizmi International Award for Distinguished Achievements in Science, Life-time Achievements Award and Honorary Membership of the International Society for Porous Media, and the Kimberly-Clark Distinguished Lectureship Award.

Summary:

Treating soil as a physical network allows a better understanding of the biological networks based in the soil as well as enhanced accuracy of the prediction of the water cycle, the carbon cycle, soil physical properties, and plant species richness. This improvement in prediction addresses one of the biggest obstacles to predicting human impacts on climate change.

Contents:

1. Introduction

1.1. Background

1.2. Fundamental scaling relationships : advection versus diffusion

1.3. Summary

2. Networks in ecological systems

2.1. Background : ecological networks

2.2. Soil networks

2.3. Root networks

2.4. Vegetation networks

2.5. River networks

3. Percolation theory, effective-medium approximation, and upscaling

3.1. Background

3.2. Percolation theory and scaling properties

3.3. Structure of percolation clusters

3.4. Scaling of the macroscopic conductivity

3.5. Water partitioning in the pore space

3.6. Accessibility

3.7. Finite-size scaling

3.8. Critical-path analysis

3.9. Effective-medium approximation

4. Predicting morphological, flow, and transport properties of porous media

4.1. Background

4.2. Models of porous media

4.3. Saturated hydraulic conductivity

4.4. Saturation-dependent properties

5. Solute transport and reaction rate in heterogeneous porous media

5.1. Background

5.2. Percolation theory for solute transport in heterogeneous porous media

5.3. Dispersivity

5.4. Distribution of solute arrival times

5.5. Scaling of the reaction rate

6. Water transport and storage

6.1. Background

6.2. Water transport : Richards equation, Philip infiltration, and invasion percolation

6.3. Water storage and its implications for plants

7. Water transport in plants

7.1. Background

7.2. Pore scale

7.3. Tissue scale

7.4. Ecological implications of the safety-efficiency trade-off

7.5. Plant scale

8. Allometric scaling and metabolism

8.1. Background

8.2. A general model for scaling of metabolic rates

8.3. Plant allometry emerging from fractal branching networks

8.4. Conduit furcation

8.5. Scaling of above-ground and below-ground characteristic sizes

8.6. Scaling of size and age

8.7. Ecosystem scale

9. Edaphic constraints : role of soil in vegetation growth

9.1. Background

9.2. Fundamental predictions based on percolation scaling

9.3. Soil data

9.4. Vascular plant data

9.5. Generalizations and implications

10. Geomorphological applications of percolation theory : river networks, and weathering and soil depths

10.1. Background

10.2. River networks

10.3. Steady-state versus unsteady-state soil production and the implications for long time scales

10.4. The 'mystery' of one meter-deep soils

10.5. Soil depth and landslides

11. Ecohydrological applications : watershed hydrology and water balance

11.1. Background

11.2. The water balance

11.3. Arid lands

11.4. Forests and grasslands

11.5. Comparison with data

11.6. Net primary productivity

11.7. Elasticity of streamflow

12. Hazards to plants and vegetation : disease propagation, deforestration, and forest fires

12.1. Background

12.2. Improving production of plants with plague susceptibility

12.3. Spread of fungi in soil

12.4. Pattern of tropical deforestation

12.5. Forest fires

13. Edaphic constraints : revisiting the gaia hypothesis

13.1. Background

13.2. A percolation model

13.3. The data

13.4. Quantitative test of Gaia hypothesis using networks.

Notes:

"Version: 20241201"--Title page verso.

Includes bibliographical references.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9780750356985

0750356987

9780750356923

0750356928

OCLC:

1485260010