Recurrence risk in autism spectrum disorders / Michael Beenstock.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Beenstock, Michael, 1946- author.

Series:

Genetics - Research and Issues

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Autism spectrum disorders--Case studies.

Autism spectrum disorders.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (252 pages)

Place of Publication:

New York, New York : Nova Science Publishers, [2021]

Summary:

"The study of autism development disorders has been dominated by the neurodevelopmental paradigm for almost 50 years. This book challenges the exclusivity of the neurodevelopmental paradigm by using unique population cohort data to study recurrence risk of ASD in Israel. Randomness in the timing of ASD diagnoses of index children is exploited, as in a natural experiment, to randomize within-group reproductive stoppage. Some parents of children on the spectrum consciously refrained from reproductive stoppage by having further children. Other parents had further children before their index child was diagnosed. The former parents raised their further children having gained experience in raising children on the spectrum. The latter parents raised their children under a veil of ignorance, to be broken when their index children were diagnosed. Whereas neurodevelopmental theory predicts that recurrence risk is the same for both types of parents, behavioral theory predicts that they should be different. Population cohort data for Israel corroborate the predictions of behavioral theory. Indeed, corroboration applies in four different tests. More generally, the author calls for a level playing field in which behavioral theory of recurrence risk is placed on an equal footing as the dominant neurodevelopmental paradigm. He also argues for methodological pluralism in which the epidemiological toolbox is augmented with methods from statistics and econometrics. In summary, the author offers a critique of the current state of research on recurrence risk of ASD"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Preface

Chapter 1

Recurrence Risk

Audiences

Plan of Study

Chapter 2

Recurrence Risk Theory

Behavioral Genetics

Behavioral Theory

Sibling Interaction

A Natural Experiment

Paradigmic Ambiguity

Chapter 3

Methodology for Recurrence Risk

Sampling

Stratified Random Samples

Clinical Samples

Snowball and Recruited Samples

Population Cohort Data

Causality

The Identification Problem

Instrumental Variables and Natural Experiments

Experiments with Humans

Selection Bias

Manski Bounds: Methodological Minimalism

Incidental Truncation Method

Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW)

Confounding

Family Metrics

Clustering and Sibling Interaction

Specific Effects

Censoring

Failure Time or Survival Analysis

Logit and Probit Models

Count Data

Chapter 4

Empirical Estimates of Recurrence Risk

Data

Clinical and Recruited Data

Administrative Records

Recurrence Risk: Absolute, Relative and Conditional

Conditional Recurrence Risk

Familial Recurrence Risk

Chapter 5

Population Cohort Data for Israel

The National Insurance Institute

The Incidence of ASD

The Trend in ASD Prevalence

International Comparisons of ASD Prevalence

The Study Group

Demographic Characteristics

Age at Diagnosis

Reproductive Stoppage

The Veil of Ignorance and Shadow of ASD

Age Gaps

Chapter 6

Within-Group Reproductive Stoppage in Israel

Between-Group Stoppage

Within-Group Stoppage

Observables and Unobservables

Bringing Theory to Data

Relative Non-Stoppage

Results

Absolute Stoppage

Relative Stoppage

Discussion

Chapter 7

Behavioral Influences on Recurrence Risk

Chapter 8.

Selection Bias in Estimates of Recurrence Risk

Methods

Endogenous Selection: Incidental Truncation Method (ITM)

Exogenous Selection: Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW)

Recurrence Risk Models

Limitations

Chapter 9

What Have We Learned About Recurrence Risk?

Parents

Practitioners

Epidemiology: Theory

Epidemiology: Methodology

Policy Makers

Chapter 10

The Transition into Adulthood with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Earnings

Multivariate Analysis of the Transition into Adulthood

Methodology

Causality v Spurious State Dependence

References

Author Contact Information

Index of Names

Index of Terms

Blank Page

Blank Page.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-68507-244-5

OCLC:

1285167984