Industrial applications of green solvents. Volume II. / edited by Inamuddin, Rizwana Mobin and Abdullah M. Asiri.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Inamuddin

Contributor:

Mobin, Rizwana, editor.

Inamuddin, editor.

Asiri, Abdullah M., editor.

Series:

Materials Research Foundations Series

Materials Research Foundations Series ; v.54

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Green chemistry.

Solvents.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (304 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Millersville, Pennsylvania : Materials Research Forum LLC, 2019.

Summary:

The book explores industrial applications of green solvents in industrially important areas such as oil extraction, sensors and biosensors, CO2 capture, etc. Keywords: Green Chemistry, Green Solvents, Ionic Liquids, Supercritical Carbon Dioxide, Glycerol, Biosensors, CO2 Capture, Lignocellulosic Biomass Utilization, Bio-based Chemicals, Electrochemical Devices, Chromatographic Purification of Pharmaceuticals, Bio-lubricant Additives, Green Electrolytes for Aluminum Production, Green Electrolytes for Aluminum-Alloy Production, Green Solvents for Oil Extraction.

Contents:

Intro

front-matter

Table of Contents

Preface

1

Supercritical CO2 Application in Essential Oil Extraction

1. Introduction

2. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)

2.1 SFE principles

2.1.1 Supercritical fluid concept

2.2 Process parameters in supercritical CO2 extraction

2.2.1 Diffusivity

2.2.2 Effect of temperature and pressure

2.3 SC-CO2 as a solvent for essential oil extraction

2.4 Conventional methods of essential oils extraction

3. Comparison among extraction methods

Conclusion

References

2

Applications of Ionic Liquids in Sensors and Biosensors

1.1 Physicochemical properties of ionic liquids

1.1.1 Thermal and electrical conductivities

1.1.2 Heat capacity

1.1.3 Density

1.1.4 Viscosity

2. Materials for biosensor design and construction

2.1 Nanomaterials used in biosensors

2.2 Glass, silica and quartz used in biosensors

2.3 Materials used in electrochemical biosensors

2.4 Biosensor based on silicon/silicon-germanium quantum well

3. Types of biosensor

3.1 Electrochemical biosensors

3.2 Thermometric biosensors

3.3 Optical biosensors

3.4 Fluorescent biosensors

4. Sensorics applications of ionic liquids based materials

4.1 Ionic liquid-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors

4.2 Ionic liquid-based optical and electrochemical gas sensors

4.3 Ionic liquid based optical sensors and biosensors

3

Green Solvents for CO2 Capture

1.1 CO2 emission amounts

1.2 CO2 capture procedures

1.3 CO2 capture by solvents

1.3.1 Industrial solvents for CO2 Capture

1.3.2 Green solvents

4

Ionic Liquids as Green Solvents for Lignocellulosic Biomass Utilization

1. Introduction.

2. Factors influencing the processing of lignocellulosic biomass in ionic liquids

3. Ionic liquid assisted processing of lignocellulosic biomass for composite materials

4. Ionic liquid assisted processing of lignocellulosic biomass for biofuels

5. Ionic liquid assisted processing of lignocellulosic biomass for chemicals

Conclusions

5

Applications of Glycerol as Green Solvent

2. Production and properties of glycerol

2.1 Production of glycerol

2.2 Properties of glycerol

3. Production of glycerol carbonate from glycerol

3.1 Reaction mechanism

3.2 Applications of glycerol carbonate as a green solvent

4. Synthesis of value-added chemicals using glycerol as a green solvent

5. Glycerol as a green solvent for catalysis

6

Application of Ionic Liquids as a Green Material in Electrochemical Devices

2. Ionic liquids

2.1 Properties of ionic liquids

2.2 Ionic liquids as electrolyte in supercapacitor

2.3 Ionic liquids as electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries

3. Need of immobilization of ionic liquids on a solid support

4. Applications of ionogels in energy storage devices

4.1 Ionogels as electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries

4.2 Ionogels as electrolyte in supercapacitor

7

Green Chromatographic Purification of Pharmaceuticals

2. Counter-current chromatography

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Counter-current chromatography as a green purification tool

2.2.1 Saving of solvents

2.2.2 The use of greener solvents

2.2.3 The possibility of injection of crude samples

2.2.4 Enhancement of the economic and ecological aspects

3. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)

3.1 Introduction

3.2 HPTLC as a green separation tool

3.2.1 RP-HPTLC.

3.2.2 HILIC-HPTLC

3.2.3 SO-HPTLC

4. Gas Chromatography

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Greening sample pretreatment step

4.2.1 Pretreatment-free methods (direct methods)

4.2.2 Solvent-free sample pretreatment

4.2.3 Green solvents for sample pretreatment for GC

4.2.4 Assisted solvent extraction techniques

4.3 Greening GC via column and carrier gas optimization

5. Supercritical fluid chromatography

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Separation and purification of APIs by SFC

5.3 Chiral separation of enantiomers by SFC

5.4 Removal of residual solvents from pharmaceuticals

6. Efforts for greening preparative high-performance liquid chromatography as a purification tool

8

Water as the Green Solvent in Organic Synthesis

1.1 What is a green concept or green chemistry?

1.2 Why to choose water as "green solvent"?

1.3 Unique properties of water

2. Use of water as a green solvent for chemical reactions

2.1 Water as a solvent for organic synthesis

2.2 Water as a solvent for the synthesis of nanoparticles

2.3 Water as a solvent for the organometallic reaction

2.4 Polymerization reaction in a water medium

9

Glycerol as a Green Solvent in Organic Reactions

2. Solvent properties of glycerol

3. Glycerol synthesis

4. Glycerol as a solvent for organic transformations

4.1 With the metal-based catalytic system

4.2 Without a metal-based catalytic system

5. Glycerol as hydrogen donor solvent

6. Glycerol derivatives as green solvent

7. Glycerol as a solvent for nano-material synthesis reactions

10

Ionic Liquids as Green Bio-Lubricant Additives

2. Properties of lubricants

2.1 Cold flow properties

2.2 High-temperature characteristics.

3. Lubricant mechanism and measurement methodology

3.1 Hydrodynamic or fluid film or thick film lubrication

3.2 Boundary lubrication or thin film lubrication

3.3 Extreme pressure lubrication

4. Bio-based lubricants and fuels

4.1 Environmental aspects of lubricants

4.2 Bio-based lubricants from vegetable oils

4.3 Biodiesel with superior lubricity than conventional diesel

4.4 Use of renewable alcohols fuels

5. Discussion and findings

5.1 Main findings

11

Ionic Liquids as Green Electrolytes for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Production

2. Bisic theory of aluminum electrolysis in ionic liquids

3. Aluminum electrolysis in ionic liquids

3.1 Electrodepostion aluminum from chloroaluminate ionic liquids

3.2 Electrodeposition of aluminum in non-chloroaluminate ionic liquids

3.3 Aluminum electrodeposition in ionic liquids with Al2O3

3.4 Electrodeposition of aluminum in ionic liquids with additives

3.5 Electrodeposition of aluminum with external-field enhancement

4. Aluminum refining in ionic liquids

5. Aluminum alloy production in ionic liquids

back-matter

Keyword Index

About the Editors.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

1-64490-031-9

OCLC:

1103217927