Nanomaterials for alcohol fuel cells / edited by Inamuddin [and three others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Inamuddin, editor.

Series:

Materials Research Foundations Series

Materials Research Foundations Series ; v.49

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Alcohol fuel industry.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (399 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Millersville, Pennsylvania : Materials Research Forum LLC, 2019.

Summary:

The present book focuses on pertinent types of nanomaterial-based catalysts, membranes and supports for alcohol fuel cells. Keywords: Alcohol Fuel Cells, Direct Methanol Fuel Cells, Alcohol Oxidation, Nano-Catalysts, Carbon-Based Nanomaterials, Polymer Electrolyte Membranes, Nanomaterials for Oxygen Reduction, Polymer-based Nanocomposites, Electrocatalysts, Ethanol Electro-Oxidation, Proton Electrolyte Membranes, Methanol Oxidation, Polymer-based Nanocomposites, Trimetallic Nanoparticles.

Contents:

Intro

front-matter

Table of Contents

Preface

1

Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Alcohol Oxidation

1. Introduction

2. Carbon blacks

2.1. Carbon black based nanomaterials for methanol oxidation

2.1.1 Vulcan XC72 carbon black

2.1.2 Black Pearl carbon black

2.1.3 Ketjen black

2.1.4 Acetylene black

2.1.5 Carbon black and metal oxide hybrids

2.2. Carbon black based nanomaterials for ethanol oxidation

2.2.1 Vulcan XC72 carbon black

2.2.2 Acetylene black

2.2.3 Ketjenblack

2.2.4 Carbon black and metal oxide hybrids

2.3 Carbon black based nanomaterials for other alcohols oxidation

2.3.1 Ethylene glycol oxidation

2.3.2 1- or 2- Propanol Oxidation

3. Carbon nanotubes

3.1 Carbon nanotubes based nanomaterials for methanol oxidation

3.2 Carbon nanotubes based nanomaterials for ethanol oxidation

3.3 Carbon nanotubes based nanomaterials for other alcohols oxidation

3.3.1 Ethylene Glycol Oxidation

3.3.2 1 or 2 Propanol oxidation

4. Carbon gels

4.1 Carbon gels based nanomaterials for methanol oxidation

4.2 Carbon gels based nanomaterials for ethanol oxidation

4.3 Carbon gels based nanomaterials for other alcohols oxidation

4.3.1 Ethylene glycol oxidation

5. Graphene

5.1 Graphene-based nanomaterials for methanol oxidation

5.2 Graphene-based nanomaterials for ethanol oxidation

5.3 Graphene-based nanomaterials for other alcohols oxidation

5.3.1 Ethylene glycol oxidation

5.3.2 1 or 2 propanol oxidation

6. Mesoporous carbons

6.1 Mesoporous carbon-based nanomaterials for methanol oxidation

6.2 Mesoporous carbon-based nanomaterials for ethanol oxidation

6.3 Mesoporous carbon-based nanomaterials for other alcohols oxidation

6.3.1 Ethylene glycol oxidation

6.3.2 1 or 2 propanol oxidation

7. Heteroatom doped carbon-based materials.

7.1 Heteroatom doped carbon-based nanomaterials for methanol oxidation

7.2 Heteroatom doped carbon-based nanomaterials for ethanol oxidation

7.3 Heteroatom doped carbon-based nanomaterials for other alcohols oxidation

7.3.1 Ethylene glycol oxidation

7.3.2 1 or 2 propanol oxidation

8. Concluding remarks

References

2

2. Electrocatalyst support materials

2.1 Carbon nanomaterials of different shapes (tubes, fibers, horns, coils, walls, and spheres)

2.2 Mesoporous carbon

2.3 Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide

2.4 Nanodiamond

2.5 Heteroatom-doped carbon

2.6 Comparison of various carbon supports

3. Concluding outlook and future trends

3

Nanocatalysts for Direct 2-Propanol Fuel Cells

2. Thermodynamics of direct 2-propanol fuel cell

3. Nanocatalysts for 2-propanol oxidation reaction

3.1. 22-Propanol electrocatalysts in acidic media

3.1.1 Platinum

3.1.2 Platinum-based catalysts

3.2 22-Propanol electrocatalysts in alkaline media

3.2.1 Platinum

3.2.2 Platinum-based catalysts

3.2.3 Non-Pt based electrocatalysts

4. Cathode electrocatalysts for 2-propanol fuel cell

Conclusion

4

Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

2. Perfluorosulfonic acid ionomers and Nafion

2.1 Modified perfluorosulfonic acid membranes

2.2 Modified Nafion-based membranes

3. Partially fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers

4. Non-fluorinated aromatic hydrocarbon membranes

4.1 Poly(styrene)-based membranes

4.2 Polyarylene-type membranes

4.2.1 Sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone)-based membranes

4.2.2 Sulfonated poly(aryl ether sulfone)-based membranes

4.2.3 Poly(imide)s

4.2.4 Poly(phosphazene)s.

4.2.5 Polybenzimidazole-based membranes

5. Modification techniques and modified membranes

5.1 Block copolymers

5.2 Cross-linked, blend, and graft-type membranes

5.3 Electrospun membranes

5.4 Organic-inorganic composite membranes

5.5 Multilayer membranes

5.6 Impregnated membranes and pore-filled structures

5.7 Nano-porous proton conducting membranes

6. Other types of polymer electrolyte membranes

6.1 Semi-interpenetrating polymer network

6.2 PVA-based membranes

6.3 Irradiated sulfonated poly(ethylene-alt-tetrafluoroethylene) membranes

6.4 Acrylic membranes with an asymmetric structure

7. Some commercially available membranes

7.1 Polycarbon membranes of Polyfuel

7.2 Trifluorostyrene composite membranes of Ballard

7.3 Pall Ionclad membranes

7.4 XUS membranes of Dow chemical

7.5 3P energy membranes

Conclusion and future remarks

5

Fabrication and Properties of the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Applications

1.1 Basic working of a fuel cell

2. Fabrication of MEA for DMFCs

2.1 Sol-gel method

2.2 Spray coating method

2.3 Dip coating

2.4 Hot pressing and hydrolysis

3. Properties of PEM for DMFC

3.1 Water uptake and swelling

3.2 Proton conductivity

3.3 Electro-osmotic drag coefficient

3.4 Methanol permeability

6

Carbon Polymer Supports Hybrid for Alcohol Oxidation

2. Benzyl alcohol oxidation

2.1 Materials

2.2 Synthesis root and chemicals used

2.3 Evaluation methodology and results

3. Aerobic alcohol oxidation

4. Aerobic alcohol oxidation by using multiple polymers

4.1 Synthesis root

4.2 Steps for aerobic alcohol oxidation

5. Multi-polymer system for organocatalytic alcohol oxidation.

5.1 Procedure for alcohol oxidation

6. Oxidation of aryl alcohol using water as a catalyst

7. Oxidation of alcohol by using Poly(ethylene glycol)-Supported Nitroxyls

7.1 Synthesis procedure for PEG-supported catalysts

7.2 Steps for the oxidation of alcohols as described by Ferreira

7

Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Methanol Fuel Cells: Technology and Applications

2. Overview of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

3. Polymer electrolyte methanol fuel cell

3.1 Components

3.1.1 Methanol fuel source

3.1.2 Flow field plate

3.1.3 Membrane electrolyte assembly

3.2 Principle and working process

3.2.1 Flow field design

3.2.2 Thermal management

4. Applications

4.1 Transportation industry

4.1.1 Light weight automobiles

4.1.2 Heavy automobiles

4.1.3 Other automobiles

4.2 Portable applications

4.3 Stationary applications

Acknowledgments

8

Nanomaterials for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

2. Platinum-based nanomaterials as fuel cell electrocatalysts

2.1 Bimetallic platinum nanoparticles

2.2 Doped platinum nanomaterials

2.3 Monodispersed platinum-based nanoparticles

2.4 Platinum nanoparticles in a core-shell structure

2.5 Shape-dependent ORR of platinum nanoparticles

2.6 Platinum nanoparticles on carbon-based supports

2.7 Platinum nanoparticles alloy

2.8 Other Platinum based nanoparticles

3. Carbon based nanomaterials as fuel cell electrocatalysts

3.1 Bifunctional electrocatalysts

3.2 Doped carbon nanomaterials

3.3 Other carbon-based electrocatalysts

4. Other nanomaterials for electrocatalysts

9

Polymer-based Nanocomposites for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

1. Introduction.

2. Application of polymer nanocomposite for alcohol fuel cells

10

Advances in Electrocatalyst for Ethanol Electro-Oxidation

2. Theory of electro-oxidation of ethanol

2.1 Acidic medium DEFC (Proton exchange membrane/PEM)

2.2 Alkaline medium DEFC (Anion exchange membrane/AEM)

3. The mechanism for electro-oxidation of ethanol

4. Advances in electro-oxidation of ethanol

4.1 Advanced nano electro-catalyst

4.1.1 Metal base electro-catalyst

4.1.1.1 Noble metals

4.1.1.2 Non-noble metals

4.1.2 Carbon-based advanced electro-catalyst

5. Applications of electro-oxidation of ethanol

Conclusions

11

Proton Transport and Design of Proton Electrolyte Membranes for Methanol Oxidation

1.1 Design of flow-transport

2. Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC)

3. Research on developments of parameters, design, and materials

3.1 Methanol oxidation and oxygen reduction kinetics

3.2 Gaseous carbon-dioxide in the anode

3.3 Liquid water transport in the cathode

3.4 Methanol crossover and water management

3.5 Flow field design

4. Progress and developments on proton exchange membranes

4.1 Novel materials

4.2 Methanol oxidation on noble metal catalysts

4.3 Proton transport in polymer electrolyte membranes

12

Role of Trimetallic Nanoparticles for Complete Oxidation of Alcohol to CO2

2. Acidic direct alcohol fuel cell

3. Alkaline DAFC:

4. Thermodynamics of alcohol oxidation

4.1 System ef ciency

5. Ideal properties for electrocatalyst and catalyst support

5.1 Role of Platinum as a catalyst

5.2 Role of nanomaterials in bringing down the Pt loading

5.3 Types of NPs as a catalyst

6. Role of Bimetallic catalysts

7. Role of trimetallic catalyst.

8. Application.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

1-64490-019-X

OCLC:

1100019122