Economic policies towards less developed countries / Harry G. Johnson.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Johnson, Harry G. (Harry Gordon), 1923-1977, author.

Series:

Harry G. Johnson on Trade Strategy and Economic Policy

Harry G. Johnson on Trade Strategy and Economic Policy ; v.1

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

International economic relations.

Economic policy.

Developing countries--Foreign economic relations.

Developing countries.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (298 pages)

Edition:

1st.

Place of Publication:

London : Routledge, 2021.

Summary:

Originally published in 1967, this book examines the major problems of trade and aid policy posed for the developed countries by the UN Conference on Trade and Development in 1964. Johnson surveys the political and economic setting of the Conference; international aspects of economic development; trade policy to promote development; possible new international arrangements for trade in primary products; and the possibilities offered by international monetary reform for benefitting less developed countries. The divergence between the well-being of developed and less-developed countries remains one the key problems of our time and this book is therefore as relevant now as when it was first published.

Contents:

Cover

Half Title

Title Page

Copyright Page

Original Title Page

Original Copyright Page

Table of Contents

Foreword

Author's Acknowledgments

I. The Political and Economic Setting

United States Policy and the Less Developed Nations

The Institutional Framework of Western Commerce and the Political Realities

International Institutions and the Less Developed Countries

Financial Aid and Technical Assistance

Towards a New Trade Policy for Development

The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

U. S. Policy Problems After UNCTAD

II. International Aspects of Economic Development

Industrialization of Less Developed Countries

The Diffusion of Development

External Assistance in Accelerating Development

III. Policy Obstacles to Development

Policies of Less Developed Countries

Policies of Developed Countries

IV. Action Within the Existing Framework

Prerequisites of Action

Foreign Economic and Technical Assistance

Private Foreign Investment

Enlarging Export Opportunities Within the GATT Framework

V. Arrangements for Trade in Primary Products

International Commodity Agreements

Methods of Stabilizing Export Earnings

Methods of Increasing Earnings from Exports of Primary Products

VI. Trade Preferences for Manufactured Goods

Trade Preferences in Developed-Country Markets

Preferential Arrangements Among Less Developed Countries

VII. International Monetary Reform

A Properly Functioning International Monetary System

The Problem of International Monetary Reform

Reforms of Direct Benefit to Less Developed Countries

The Commodity-Reserve-Currency Proposal

VIII. The Study in Retrospect

The Major Issues

Suggestions for Specific Policy Actions

The Need for Further Research

Appendixes.

A. Analysis of Prebisch's Views on the Terms of Trade

B. UNCTAD Principles Governing International Trade

C. The Real Value of Concessionary Loans

D. Sugar Protectionism and the Export Earnings of Less Developed Countries

E. Earnings Response to Price Stabilization

F. Stabilizing Effects of a Commodity-Reserve Standard

Index

Text Tables

1 Percentage Excess of Value of Output Measured at Prices Received by Farmers Over Value of Output at Import Prices of Same Year, Leading Countries, 1955-56 and 1961-62

2 Nominal and Effective Protection of Processing of Agricultural Products, United States and European Economic Community

3 Averages of Effective and Nominal Rates of Duties for Four Commodity Categories, 1962

4 Estimated Effective Rates of Protection of Value Added in Industrial Products of Special Interest to Less Developed Countries in Four Major Markets, 1962

5 Nominal U. S. Tariff Rates and Effective Rates of Protection of Value Added and of Value Added by Labor for Industrial Products of Special Interest to Less Developed Countries, 1958-60

6 Nontariff Import Restrictions on Manufactures and Semimanufactures of Importance in the Export Trade of Less Developed Countries, October 1963

7 Economic Aid Commitments and Increases Required to Equal One Percent of Gross National Product of Members of Development Assistance Committee, 1962

8 Aid Commitments at Discounted Present Values and Increases Possible by Alternative Measures, for Members of Development Assistance Committee, 1962

9 Estimated Effects of Commodity Policies on Exports of Less Developed Countries

10 Nominal and Effective Tariff Rates on Manufactures of Export Interest to Less Developed Countries

11 Implicit Rates of Subsidization and Taxation of Domestic Value Added in Manufactures of Export Interest to Less Developed Countries.

12 Nominal and Effective Preference Rates on Manufactures of Export Interest to Less Developed Countries Conferred by 100 Percent Preferences Granted by Developed Countries

Appendix Tables

B-1 Negative Votes and Abstentions of Major Developed Countries on General Principles in UNCTAD

B-2 Negative Votes and Abstentions of Major Developed Countries on Special Principles in UNCTAD

C-1 Difference Between Actual and Nominal Value of Loans on Concessional Terms

D-1 Estimated Average Receipts from or Costs of Home-Produced Raw Sugar, 1959

D-2 Estimated Effects of Replacing Sugar Protection by Subsidies and Eliminating Sugar Excises

D-3 Estimated Consumption Cost of Sugar Protection and Excise Taxes

D-4 Effects on Trade of Major Protectionist Countries of Substituting Imports for Domestic Production.

Notes:

<P>1. The Political and Economic Setting 2. International Aspects of Economic Development 3. Policy Obstacles to Development 4. Action Within the Existing Framework 5. Arrangements for Trade in Primary Products 6. Trade Preferences for Manufactured Goods 7. International Monetary Reform 8. The Study in Retrospect Appendices: A. Analysis of Prebisch's Views on the Terms of Trade B. UNCTAD Principles Governing International Trade C. The Real Value of Concessionary Loans D. Sugar Protectionism and the Export Earnings of Less Developed Countries E. Earnings Response to Price Stabilization F. Stabilizing Effects of a Commodity-Reserve Standard. Text Tables. Appendix Tables. </P>

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781003195634

1003195636

9781000422153

1000422151

9781000422900

1000422909

OCLC:

1255231370