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History As Past Ethics : an Introduction to the History of Morals / Philip Van Ness, editor.

Ebook Central College Complete Available online

Format:: Book
Contributor:: Ness, Philip Van, editor.
Series:: Historical manuscripts.; Historical Manuscripts
Language:: English
Subjects (All):: Ethics.
Physical Description:: 1 online resource (359 pages)
Edition:: First edition.
Place of Publication:: New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., [2024]
Summary:: History as Past Ethics: An Introduction to the History of Morals is designed as a brief introduction to the history of morals. The book is the outgrowth of a conviction that the philosophy of ethics, if it shall become a stimulus and guide to social service and humanitarian effort,--especially if it shall bring reinforcement to that ethical idealism which so largely motives the movement for world peace,--must be based on a knowledge of the facts of the moral life of the race in all the various stages of the historic evolution.
Contents:: Intro; Contents; Preface; Chapter I; Introduction; The Ethical Interpretation of History; The History of Morals in the Main a Record of the Expansion of the Circle Covered by the Moral Feelings; Sources for the History of Morals; The Moral Ideal; Composite Moral Ideals or Types; Causes Which Determine and Which Modify the Moral Type; In What Virtue or Moral Goodness Consists; Every Age Must Be Judged by Its Own Moral Standard; Chapter II; The Dawn of Morality: Conscience in the Kinship Group; I. Institutions, Ideas, and Conditions of Life Determining the Rules of Conduct; The Kinship Group; The Religious Bond- Ancestor Worship; Conceptions of the God World; The Fact That Competition Is Between Communities and Not Between Individuals; II. Essential Facts of Kinship or Intratribal Morality; The Life of Primitive Peoples Largely Unmoral; The "Goodness" of Uncivilized Races Largely a Negative Goodness; The True Starting Point of the Historic Ethical Development; Custom as the Maker of Group Morality; Collective Responsibility; The Duty of Revenge; The Blood Feud; The Lex Talionis; The Virtue of Courage; Its Altruistic Element; III. The Beginnings of Intertribal Morality; Primitive Man's Double Standard of Morality; This Dual Morality a Survival in Civilization; Hospitality, or the Guest Right; The First Step Beyond Kinship Morality53F; Beginnings of the Ethics of War; The Reaction of Intertribal upon Intratribal Morality; Chapter III; The Moral Life in Ancient Egypt: An Ideal of Social Justice; I. Circumstances and Ideas Which Molded and Motived Morality; A Homogeneous Population and a Comparatively Static Civilization; The Teaching That Immortality Is Conditioned on Righteousness; The Ethical Qualities of the Sun-God Ra; Religious Dualism.; The Osirian Myth in Its Special Development; II. The Ideal; A Homogeneous and Unchanging Conscience; Evidences of Moral Progress during Early Times; Substitution of Ka-Statues for Human Sacrifices; Transition from the Continuance to the Retribution Theory; The Judgment of the Dead; The Negative Confession; Comparison of the Morality of the Negative Confession with That of the Hebrew Decalogue and Other Codes; The Moral Precepts of Ptah-Hotep; An Ethical Conception of Kinship; Slavery Approved by the Egyptian Conscience; The Ethics of War; Influence of the Moral Ideal upon Egyptian Life and History; Chapter IV; The Babylonian-Assyrian Conscience; The Importance of Babylonian-Assyrian Morality for the History of Comparative Morals; The General Nonethical Character of the Babylonian-Assyrian Religion; Ethical Tendencies in the Religion; Evidence Afforded by the Penitential Psalms of the Growth in Moral Feeling; Ethical Significance of the Conception of the After Life; The Ethical Spirit of the Laws; The Code of Hammurabi; International Morality; War Ethics; Chapter V; Chinese Morals: An Ideal of Filial Piety; I. Ideas, Institutions, and Historical Circumstances Determining the Cast of the Moral Ideal; Introductory; Confucianism: The State Worship of Heaven and the Popular Worship of Ancestors; Demonism: Evil Spirits the Ministers of Retributive Justice; Taoism: Nature the Exemplar; The Conception of Human Nature as Good; Conception of the Past as Perfect; Geographical and Intellectual Isolation; The Appearance of Great Men: Confucius and Mencius; The Four Cardinal Virtues; Filial Obedience or Piety; Reverence Toward Superiors; A Conforming to Ancient Custom; The Maintenance of the Just Medium; The Duty of Intellectual Self-Culture.; The Duties of Rulers; Disesteem of the Heroic or Martial Virtues; Principles and Inner Disposition; Defects of the Ideal: No Duties to God, and the Duties of Parents to Children Not Emphasized; III. Effects of the Ideal upon Chinese Life and History; Degree of Accordance Between Theory and Practice; Mandarin Morality; Favorable Effects of the Ideal; Unfavorable Effects of the Ideal; Impending Changes in the Moral Ideal; Chapter VI; Japanese Morals: An Ideal of Loyalty; I. Formative and Modifying Influences; Introductory: A Practically Independent Evolution in Morals; The Family and Clan System; Shinto, or Ancestor Worship; The Monarchy of Divine Origin; Feudalism; Confucianism; Buddhism; Western Civilization; Bushido; The Virtue of Loyalty to the Emperor, or Patriotism; Family Ethics; Woman as Wife and as Mother; Suicide Regarded as a Virtuous Act; Low Estimation of the Virtue of Truthfulness; III. Some Significant Facts in the Moral History of Japan; General Influence of the Ideal of Bushido; The Bushido Code in Action; The Moral Standard of the Samurai in Competition with That of the Plebeian Trader; Moral Education in the Schools; The Imperial Rescript; Japanese Morals and Western Civilization; Chapter VII; The Ethical Ideals of India; Part I. The Ethics of Brahmanism-A Class Morality; I. Historical and Speculative Basis of the System; The Conception of the First Cause- Brahma; The God Brahma (Brahman); The System of Castes; The Doctrine of Transmigration; Indian Pessimism; The Conception of Sacrifice; II. The Various Moral Standards; A Class Morality; The Moral Code for Inferior Castes; Animal Ethics; Natural Morality Versus Ritualism; Part II. The Ethics of Buddhism.; An Ideal of Self-Conquest and Universal Benevolence; I. The Philosophical Basis of the System; The Four Great Truths; The Truth of Pain; The Origin of Pain; The Truth of the Destruction of Pain; The Doctrine of Karma; Nirvana and the Different Senses in Which the Term Is Used; The Truth of the Eightfold Path; Particular Virtues and Duties of the Ideal; The Different Degrees of Moral Attainment; The Genuine Altruism of Buddhist Ethics; III. Some Expressions of the Ethical Spirit of Buddhism; The Ethical Relationships of the Buddhist Reform; The Ethical Content for the Masses of Buddha's Message; Monasticism as an Ethical Expression of Buddhism; Practical Effects of the Animal Ethics of Buddhism; The Buddhist Spirit of Toleration; Disesteem of the Military Life; Softening Effects on National Character of Buddhist Teachings; Historical Significance of the Ethical Unity Created by Buddhism; Chapter VIII; The Ethics of Zoroastrianism: An Ideal of Combat; I. Philosophical and Religious Ideas Which Created the Ethical Type; Religious Dualism; Conception of the Character of the Supreme God, Ahura Mazda; The Ethical Character of Mithra; Doctrine of the Sacredness of the Elements- Fire, Earth, and Water; The Personality of a Great Reformer, Zarathustra; The Essence of the Moral Life; Truthfulness the Paramount Virtue; The Duty of Industry; The Ethics of Labor; Duty of Protecting the Purity of the Elements; The Soul the Judge of the Soul; III. The Practice; Effects of the Moral Ideal Upon the Persian Character; Persian Veneration for the Truth; Influence of the Ideal Upon Persian History; Chapter IX; The Moral Evolution in Israel: An Ideal of Obedience to a Revealed Law.; I. The Religious Basis of Hebrew Morality; Introductory: Israel's Historic Task a Moral One; The Conception of Deity; Monolatry and Monotheism; The Belief in A Supernaturally Revealed Law; Special Ground of the Israelites' Feeling That Obedience to the Law Was Their Highest Duty; The Rite of Sacrifice; The Vagueness of the Belief in an After Life; II. The Evolution of The Moral Ideal; 1. The Development up to the Exile; The Primitive Moral Code; The Moral Anarchy of the Age of the Judges; Prophetism: Its Different Elements; The Beginnings of Historical Prophetism: Elijah and Elisha; The Moral Advance Represented by Amos (760 B.C.) and Hosea (738-735 B.C.); The Ideal of the Brotherhood of Nations and Universal Peace; The Prophetic Spirit Creates a Unique Ethical Literature; The Ethicalizing of Pagan Festivals and Cults; The Dual Morality of the Deuteronomic Code; The Ritual Ethics of The Code; The Social Ethics of the Code; 2. The Morality of the Prophets of the Exile; The Effects of the Captivity Upon the Moral Evolution in Israel; Ethical Monotheism at Last; Religion and Morality at One; Repudiation of the Doctrine of Collective Responsibility; The Doctrine of the Sufferings of the Righteous as Vicarious and Expiatory; 3. The Moral Life in the Postexilic Age; A Ritual Morality; An Intolerant Nationalism; The Relation of the Synagogue to the Moral Evolution; The New Doctrine of Immortality: Its Ethical Import; The Expansion of the Moral Sympathies in the Hellenistic Age; Chapter X; The Moral Consciousness of Hellas: An Ideal of Self-Realization; I. Institutions and Ideas Determining the Moral Type; The City State the Mold of Greek Morality and the Chief Sphere of Greek Moral Activity; The Greek View of Man's Nature as Good.; The Idea of Harmony in the God World.
Notes:: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.; Description based on print version record.
Other Format:: Print version: Ness, Philip Van History As Past Ethics: an Introduction to the History of Morals
ISBN:: 9798891139824

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History As Past Ethics : an Introduction to the History of Morals / Philip Van Ness, editor.

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