The earth and atmospheric electricity / Vladimir Shuleikin.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Shuleikin, Vladimir, author.

Series:

Earth Sciences in the 21st Century

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Atmospheric electricity.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (161 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, 2018.

Summary:

According to the provisions of the surface atmospheric electricity theory, the space charge of the surface air layer owes its origin to ionization by exhaling soil radon. According to field observations, a model representation of relations between hydrogen, methane, radon, and surface atmospheric electricity elements is composed. Bubbles of two volatile gases carry soil radon from a depth of 4-6 m to the near-surface atmosphere. As a consequence, light ions produced by ionization determine polar conductivity of the surface air; light ion aggregation with neutral condensation nuclei produces heavy ions primarily responsible for the atmospheric electric field. This means that the surface atmospheric electricity is determined by local geology and geodynamics.According to the field observations, the radon content in the surface soil layers is at least two orders of magnitude higher than the concentration of ionizer exhalation. A change in the soil radon content of a single percent will lead to a twofold change in the exhalation concentration, i.e., to a twofold change in the polar conductivities and the atmospheric electric field. This means that the surface atmospheric electricity elements will be extremely sensitive to variations in the subvertical carrier gas (hydrogen and methane) flow density.The results of multiple field observations prove the correctness of the above assumptions. The increased soil-atmosphere air exchange above fault zones, the basement top settling area, and the zones of natural or human-made soil loosening leads to an abrupt decrease in the atmospheric electric field and an increase in the polar air conductivity. An increase in the sub-vertical flow density of hydrogen above the ore body cap or methane in the oil field plume inevitably leads to low values of the atmospheric electric field within the deposit boundaries. The effect can be increased by the presence of natural or human-made seismic excitation in geological environments.The industrial level withdrawal of artesian waters is accompanied by a multiple increase in the atmospheric electric field above the area of hydrogeological processes; methane injection into the underground gas storage, industrial disposal of industrial wastewater leads to the opposite effect, i.e., a decrease of the atmospheric electric field. Taking into account the model constructed, complex measurements of surface atmospheric electricity elements--hydrogen and radon--allow for an indirect expression estimate of the soil methane content above the level of (10-6 - 10-5) vol.% and monitoring of the landslide stressed state.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Foreword

Introduction

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1

Atmospheric Electricity, Radon, Hydrogen, Methane: Hardware, Technique, Metrology

1.1. Thunderstorm Electricity

1.2. Surface Atmospheric Electricity Elements and Geophysics

1.3. Hardware, Technique, Metrology

1.4. Water in Atmosphere and Atmospheric Electricity

References

Chapter 2

Testing of Relationships between Hydrogen, Methane, Radon, and Surface Atmospheric Electricity Elements. Microseism and Hydrogeological Influence on the Soil-to-Atmosphere Air Exchange

2.1. The Method of Variables to Prove Efficiency of Model Representation of Hydrogen, Methane, Radon, and Atmospheric Electric Field Relationships

2.2. The Sensitivity of the Atmospheric Electric Field to Changes in Hydrogen and Methane Concentrations

2.3. Microvibration of the Ground Surface and Atmospheric Electricity

2.4. Hydrogeological Processes and Atmospheric Electricity

Chapter 3

Results of Atmospheric-Electrical Measurements above Geological Heterogeneities

3.1. AEF Profile Observations above an Ore Body and an Area of Sharp Drop of the Foundation Roof

3.2. Atmospheric-Electrical Monitoring of Hydrocarbon Buildups

3.3. Surface Atmospheric Electricity Elements above Fault Zones and Loosenings of the Geological Environment

Chapter 4

Complex Hydrogen-Radon and Atmospheric-Electrical Monitoring of the Landslide Stressed State

4.1. Possibilities of Atmospheric-Electrical and Hydrogen-Radon Monitoring of a Landslide Stressed State

4.2. Engineering-Geological Features of the Landslide and Observation Results

Conclusion

About the Author

Index

Blank Page.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9781536139747

1536139742

OCLC:

1060605612