Environmental Technologies for the Sustainable Development of the Water and Energy Sectors.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Hasan, Shadi Wajih.

Contributor:

Liu, Haizhou.

Naddeo, Vincenzo.

Series:

In focus - special book series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Renewable energy sources.

Sewage.

Water-supply.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (142 p.) ill

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

London : IWA Publishing, 2020.

Summary:

Did you know that watching your favourite series on tv or just switching on your laptop for work, requires indirect water consumption? It's a proven fact that every time we use energy resources, water is also consumed. In the next few decades, global water and energy demands will increase significantly, but at this time there isn't a lot of information on expected global changes. The Water Research Institute (WRI) estimates that around 33 countries will experience very high water stress by 2040. Which means that as water scarcity rises due to rapid population growth, climate change and water deterioration, the global demand for pure water will also increase. We hope this book will help answer some of the challenges. The 13 chapters of this book were selected from multiple disciplines which focused on the state-of-the-art technologies in the field of environmental applications. These include technical-economic aspects of chemical precipitation; different substrates and concentrations of double chamber microbial fuel cells; the impact of pre-treatment on COD from paper industry wastewater; the synthesis of PES/Go-SiO2 mixed matrix membranes; predictions of a wastewater treatment plants performance of aeration demands; the performance of hydrological models for green roofs; short-term flexibility for energy grids from wastewater treatment plants; an integrated platform between water-energy-nexus and a business model for sustainable development; resilience-informed decision making in critical infrastructure networks. In Focus - a book series that showcases the latest accomplishments in water research. Each book focuses on a specialist area with papers from top experts in the field. It aims to be a vehicle for in-depth understanding and inspire further conversations in the sector.

Contents:

Cover

Contents

About the Editors

List of Contributors

Foreword

Dedication and Acknowledgments

Chapter 1: Introduction to anaerobic sewage treatment

1.1 INTRODUCTION

1.2 UASB REACTORS AND POST-TREATMENT SYSTEMS IN BRAZIL

1.3 EXPECTED CONTRIBUTION OF THIS BOOK

1.4 FINAL REMARKS

REFERENCES

Chapter 2: Anaerobic treatment as core technology for more sustainable sanitation

2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.2 THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2.3 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS IN SANITATION

2.3.1 Sanitation in MDGs and SDGs

2.3.2 Appropriate technologies

2.4 ANAEROBIC TREATMENT: CORE TECHNOLOGY IN THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY?

2.5 ANAEROBIC TREATMENT IN DIFFERENT SANITATION CONCEPTS

2.5.1 Tropical areas

2.5.2 Low&amp

sol

moderate temperature areas

2.6 CHOOSING APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES AND SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS

2.6.1 Evaluating the sustainability of sewage treatment options

2.6.2 Sustainability index method

2.6.3 Experiences with the SI method

2.6.4 Case study: decentralized collection, wastewater treatment and reuse in rural area in Jordan

2.7 FINAL REMARKS

Chapter 3: Fundamentals of anaerobic sewage treatment

3.1 INTRODUCTION: SEWAGE CHARACTERIZATION

3.2 MICROBIOLOGY OF ANAEROBIC TREATMENT

3.2.1 Hydrolysis

3.2.2 Fermentation (acidogenesis)

3.2.3 Acetogenesis

3.2.4 Methanogenesis

3.3 MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN ANAEROBIC REACTORS ?

TREATING SEWAGE

3.4 BIOMASS ORGANIZATION AND STRUCTURE

3.5 IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND OPERATIONAL CONDITIONS ON PROCESS KINETICS AND MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES

3.5.1 Temperature effect

3.5.2 Organic loading and dilution rate effects

3.6 IS TOXICITY AN ISSUE IN ANAEROBIC SEWAGE TREATMENT?

3.6.1 Heavy metals and complex organics

3.6.2 Sulphate and sulphide

3.6.3 Surfactants

3.6.4 Ammonia.

3.7 ANAEROBIC EFFLUENT CHARACTERIZATION

Chapter 4: Design of UASB reactors for sewage treatment

4.1 INTRODUCTION

4.2 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT: A CRUCIAL STEP BEFORE UASB REACTORS

4.2.1 Main configurations of the preliminary sewage treatment before UASB reactors

4.2.2 Main design criteria for preliminary sewage treatment before UASB reactors

4.2.3 Recommended technological arrangements for preliminary ?

treatment before UASB reactors

4.3 TYPICAL CONFIGURATIONS&amp

GEOMETRY AND MODULATION OF ?

UASB REACTORS

4.4 CURRENT DESIGN CRITERIA OF UASB REACTORS FOR ?

SEWAGE TREATMENT

4.4.1 Input data: flows, concentrations, and loads

4.4.2 Sizing parameters

4.4.2.1 Design based on the solids retention time (SRT)

4.4.3 Influent distribution system

4.4.4 Effluent collection

4.4.5 Gas&amp

ndash

liquid&amp

solid (GLS) separator

4.4.5.1 Modular gas&amp

solid separator: &amp

Eacute

tsus 1000

4.4.6 Sludge production, withdrawal, and processing

4.4.6.1 Prediction of an adequate sludge sampling system along the height ?

of the reactor

4.4.6.2 Prediction of an adequate sludge withdrawal system

4.4.6.3 Dewatering systems

4.4.6.3.1 Natural dewatering

4.4.6.3.2 Mechanised dewatering

4.4.7 Scum production, withdrawal, and processing

4.4.7.1 Scum management

4.4.8 Proper design guidelines for the biogas collection and ?

transport system

4.5 PERFORMANCE OF UASB REACTORS TREATING SEWAGE

4.6 DESIGN EXAMPLES

4.7 ALTERNATIVE CONFIGURATIONS OF UASB REACTORS

4.7.1 Modified UASB reactor integrated to energy recovery

4.7.2 Y-shaped UASB reactor

4.7.3 Two-stage UASB reactor

4.7.4 Combined UASB&amp

digester system

4.7.5 UASB reactor with enhanced solids separation.

4.7.6 Partitioned UASB reactor

4.7.7 Hybrid UASB reactor

4.7.8 UASB reactor with double stage biogas collection

4.8 OPERATIONAL FUNCTIONALITIES

4.9 FINAL REMARKS

Chapter 5: Construction of UASB reactors for sewage treatment

5.1 INTRODUCTION

5.2 KEY ASPECTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF UASB REACTORS

5.2.1 Corrosion of concrete and metallic structures

5.2.1.1 Preliminaries

5.2.1.2 Main construction and design concerns

5.2.2 Collapse of GLS separators

5.2.2.1 Preliminaries

5.2.2.2 Main construction and design concerns

5.2.3 Sealing of GLS separators

5.2.3.1 Preliminaries

5.2.3.2 Main construction and design concerns

5.2.4 Installation of influent distribution pipes

5.2.4.1 Preliminaries

5.2.4.2 Main construction and design concerns

5.2.5 Installation of sludge sampling points

5.2.5.1 Preliminaries

5.2.5.2 Main construction and design concerns

5.2.6 Installation of effluent collection channels

5.2.6.1 Preliminaries

5.2.6.2 Main construction and design concerns

5.3 OTHER CONCERNS

5.3.1 Water accumulation on top of the reactor slab

5.3.2 Leakages in general

5.4 FINAL REMARKS

Chapter 6: Operation of UASB reactors for sewage treatment

6.1 INTRODUCTION

6.2 MONITORING OF ANAEROBIC-BASED SEWAGE ?

TREATMENT PLANTS

6.2.1 Preliminaries

6.2.2 Monitoring programme

6.2.2.1 Monitoring and operation of preliminary treatment

6.2.2.2 Monitoring of the anaerobic reactor

6.2.2.3 Monitoring of the dewatering unit

6.3 MANAGEMENT OF SLUDGE

6.3.1 Preliminaries

6.3.2 Problems usually associated with excess sludge

6.3.3 Possible improvements related to sludge management

6.3.3.1 Improvements related to the design of the reactor

6.3.3.1.1 Accurate determination of sludge production

6.3.3.1.2 Proper sludge withdrawal system.

6.3.3.2 Improvements in operational procedures

6.3.3.2.1 Amount of sludge to be maintained and removed in the reactor

6.4 MANAGEMENT OF SCUM

6.4.1 Preliminaries

6.4.2 Problems associated with scum

6.4.2.1 Scum accumulated on the surface of the settler compartment

6.4.2.2 Scum accumulation in the GLS separator

6.4.3 Possible improvements related to scum management

6.4.3.1 User awareness

6.4.3.2 Improvement of the preliminary treatment

6.4.3.3 Control of the reception of non-domestic effluents

6.4.3.4 Improved control over the formation of scum in the settler compartment

6.4.3.5 Use of GLS separators equipped with scum removal device

6.5 ROUTINE OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES

6.5.1 Preliminary treatment

6.5.2 Verification and unblocking of the influent distribution and feeding system

6.5.3 Withdrawal of excess sludge from the reactor

6.5.3.1 Withdrawal of sludge to drying beds

6.5.3.2 Withdrawal of sludge to mechanised dewatering systems

6.5.4 Removal of scum from the inside of GLS separators

6.5.4.1 GLS separators equipped with hydrostatic scum removal devices

6.5.4.2 GLS separators not equipped with hydrostatic scum removal devices

6.5.5 Inspection of equipment and protection of structures

6.6 OPERATIONAL TROUBLESHOOTING

Chapter 7: Experience with full-scale UASB reactors treating sewage

7.1 INTRODUCTION

7.2 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT 1

7.2.1 Overall plant description

7.2.2 System performance

7.3 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT 2

7.3.1 Overall plant description

7.3.2 System performance

7.3.3 Return of aerobic sludge for thickening and digestion

7.3.4 Scum removal from inner GLS separators

7.3.5 Operational costs

7.4 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT 3

7.4.1 Overall plant description

7.4.2 System performance

7.4.3 Sludge yield coefficient (Y&amp

sub.

sludge&amp

/sub

)

7.4.4 Operational costs

7.5 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT 4

7.5.1 Overall plant description

7.5.2 System performance

7.5.3 Energy recovery from biogas

7.5.4 Operational costs

7.6 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT 5

7.6.1 Overall plant description

7.6.2 System performance

7.7 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT 6

7.7.1 Overall plant description

7.7.2 System performance

7.8 OVERVIEW OF THE STPs ANALYSED

7.9 FINAL REMARKS

Chapter 8: Energy recovery from biogas in UASB reactors treating sewage

8.1 INTRODUCTION

8.2 BIOGAS: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE CHARACTERIZATION

8.2.1 How much biogas is produced in UASB reactors treating sewage?

8.2.2 Biogas composition

8.2.3 Main design, construction, and operational aspects influencing biogas flow and composition

8.3 BIOGAS RECOVERY INFRASTRUCTURE

8.3.1 General layout of a biogas recovery facility

8.3.2 Biogas collection, conveyance, and pre-treatment

8.3.3 Measuring

8.3.4 Storage

8.3.5 Flares

8.3.6 Treatment

8.3.7 Energy recovery from biogas

8.3.7.1 Direct heat used for sludge drying and&amp

or sanitization

8.3.7.2 Electricity production and cogeneration

8.4 SAFETY ASPECTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ENERGY RECOVERY OF BIOGAS

8.5 FULL-SCALE EXPERIENCES

8.5.1 Vieira STP, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

8.5.2 Ouro Verde STP, Paran&amp

aacute

State, Brazil

8.5.3 Jacu&amp

iacute

pe II STP, Bahia State, Brazil

8.6 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY ASSOCIATED WITH ENERGY RECOVERY FROM BIOGAS IN ANAEROBIC-BASED STPs

8.7 MECHANISMS TO DEVELOP THE BIOGAS SUPPLY CHAIN IN EMERGING BIOGAS-USE ECONOMIES &amp

EXAMPLE OF BRAZIL

8.8 DESIGN EXAMPLES

8.9 FINAL REMARKS

Chapter 9: Control of diffuse emissions in UASB reactors treating sewage

9.1 INTRODUCTION.

9.2 FUNDAMENTALS OF THE FORMATION AND EMISSION ?.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

1-78906-233-0

1-78906-232-2

OCLC:

1513421480