The book of fungal pathogens / André Luis Souza dos Santos, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

dos, Luis Souza, editor.

Series:

Infectious Diseases and Microbiology

Infectious diseases and microbiology

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Fungi.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (522 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, [2023]

Summary:

"Fungi can be harmful to global health, biodiversity and agriculture and they are responsible for life-threatening diseases, especially in individuals with a weakened immune system. Over the last decades, the number of invasive infections, mainly caused by fungi belonging to Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus and Pneumocystis genera has increased and negatively affected the clinical outcomes of the patients. With regard to all these issues, this book focuses on the processes associated with fungal pathogenesis. The authors believe that this book will serve as a useful reference for consultations with specialists in the Mycology field since it contemplates the most important issues in the proposed area. The chapters are written by experts who actively contribute to international scientific literature. The editors also believe that the theme is a very attractive proposal, and the compilation of interesting data will benefit readers in terms of identification, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of predominant fungal infections around the world. "The Book of Fungal Pathogens" contains 18 chapters, several pictures, diagrams, and tables that can be used in both undergraduate and postgraduate teaching as well as scientific lectures"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Preface

References

Chapter 1

Fungal Diseases and COVID-19

Abstract

Introduction

Aspergillosis

Mucormycosis

Candidemia

Conclusion

Chapter 2

New Aspect of Candida spp. Infections

Virulence Factors and Candida Infections

Adhesion

Biofilm Formation

Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzymes

Polymorphism

Antifungal Resistance

Antifungals and Their Targets

Azoles

Polyenes

Allylamines

Morpholines

Echinocandins

5-Flucytosine (5FC)

Molecular Resistance Mechanisms of Candida spp. against Common Antifungal Drugs

New Therapeutic Strategies

Novel Drug and Delivery Systems in the Management of Candidiasis

Colloidal Carriers

Microemulsions

Micelles

Nano Emulsion

Vesicular Carriers Liposomes

Liposomes

Nanoparticulate Carriers

Nano Sponges

Silver Nanoparticles

Gold Nanoparticles

Nanofibers

Carbon Nanotubes

Polymeric NPs

Dendrimers

New Therapeutic Agents against Fungal Infections

Rezafungin

Stage of Development and Clinical Studies

Ibrexafungerp

Fosmanogepix

Nikkomycin Z

Agents Targeting Cell Membrane VT-1129, VT-1161, and VT-1598

Encochleated Amphotericin B

Natural Approaches to Candidiasis Probiotic and Candidiasis

In vitro Antifungal Effects of Probiotics

In vivo the Antifungal Effects of Probiotics

Oral Candidiasis

Urogenital Tract

Gastrointestinal Tract

Chapter 3

Pathogenesis of Oral Candidiasis: A Virulence Insight into Drug Discovery and New Treatments

Introduction.

Oral Candidiasis

Virulence and Resistence of Candida spp.

Therapeutic Management of Oral Candidiasis

Antifungal Drugs

Novel Antifungal Therapies

Chapter 4

Candida auris, an Emerging Pathogen: Virulence and Current Diagnostic Approaches and Therapeutic Options

Epidemiology

Diagnostic Methods

Virulence Factors and Resistance Mechanisms

Treatment Options

Chapter 5

Talaromyces marneffei: Biology, Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

Biology

Morphology - Dimorphism, Growth and Reproduction

Metabolism

Virulence Factors

Source and Mode of Transmission

Clinical Manifestations in HIV-Positive Patients

Clinical Manifestations in HIV-Negative Patients

Immune Response against T. marneffei

Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 6

Outstanding Questions in the Field from the Curious Coccidioidomycosis

Distribution, Reservoirs and Ecological Niches

Pathophysiology and Clinical Aspects

Laboratory Diagnosis

Treatment and Other Possible Control Strategies

Chapter 7

Sporotrichosis, the Fungal Disease Caused by Members of the Sporothrix Genus

Pathogenicity and Distribution of Sporothrix Species

Morphology

Reproduction and In vitro Growth Conditions

Ecology

Zoonotic Outbreaks: Animal Sporotrichosis

Human Sporotrichosis

Cutaneous Sporotrichosis

Mucosal Sporotrichosis

Extracutaneous Sporotrichosis

Hypersensitivity Reaction

Direct Examination

Histopathological Examination

Culturing and Identification of the Causative Fungal Species.

Sporothrix Species Molecular Identification

Sporotrichin Skin Test

Immunological Detection

A Saturated Solution of Potassium Iodide (SSKI)

Itraconazole

Fluconazole

Thermotherapy

Surgery

Experimental Alternative Treatments

Chapter 8

Paracoccidioidomycosis: An Update from the Environment to Clinics

The Paracoccidioides Genus: From the Environment to Colonize Mammal Host

Clinical Manifestations

Paracoccidioidomycosis Diagnosis

Mycological Examination: Direct Observation and Culture-Based Method

Histological Diagnosis

Serological Diagnosis

Molecular Tools for PCM Diagnosis

Emergent Diagnosis Tools

Controlling Paracoccidioidomycosis

Prophylaxis

Chapter 9

Dermatophytes and Dermatophytosis: A New Look at an Old Mycosis

Introduction: Historical and Taxonomic Aspects

Pathogenic and Clinical Aspects

Tinea

Epidermophytoses

Dermatophytic Onychomycoses

Subcutaneous and Deep Dermatophytoses

Laboratory Identification of Dermatophytes: From Morphophenotypic Characteristics to Phylogenetic Cladograms

The Genus Microsporum and Its Main Species of Interest

Microsporum canis

Microsporum gypseum

The Genus Trichophyton and the Main Species of Interest

Trichophyton rubrum

Trichophyton tonsurans

Trichophyton interdigitales/Trichophyotn mentagrophytes Complex

Trichophyton concentricum

Trichophyton schoenleinii

The Epidermophyton Genus

Chapter 10

Some Rare and Endemic Fungal Species: The Cause of Difficult-to-Diagnose Community-Acquired Mycoses

Coccidioidomycosis

Brief Background

The Life Cycle of Coccidioides sp.

Classification, Signs and Symptoms

Risk Factors

Diagnosis and Testing

Prevention and Treatment

Paracoccidioidomycosis

Life Cycle of Paracoccidioides sp.

Classification, Signs and Symptoms

Cryptococcosis

Life Cycle of Cryptococcus sp.

Basidiobolomycosis

Life Cycle of Basidiobolus sp.

Sporotrichosis

Life Cycle of Sporothrix sp.

Chapter 11

Purpureocillium lilacinum: From Environment to Emergent Human Pathogens

Purpureocillium lilacinum

Environmental Aspects

Clinical Aspects

Diagnosis and Treatment

In vitro Antifungal Susceptibility

Experimental Models: Attempts to Understand the Fungus-Host Relationship

Chapter 12

The Genus Diaporthe: A Prolific Source of Novel Bioactive Metabolites

Novel Bioactive Secondary Metabolites: Polyketides

Xanthones

Chromanes, Chromones and Chromanones

Benzofuranones and Related Compounds

Pyrones

Macrolides

Quinones

Oblongolides

Azaphilones

Miscellaneous

Terpenoids

Monoterpenoids (C10)

Sesquiterpenoids (C15)

Diterpenoids (C20)

Triterpenoids (C30)

Steroids

Alkaloids

Pyridone/Pyridine Analogues

Piperazine Based Alkaloids

Maleimides

Indole Alkaloid.

Peptides

Amides

Secondary Metabolites from Mixed Biosynthetic Pathways

Cytochalasins

Other Compounds

Secreted Enzymes

Enzymes in Diaporthe

Chapter 13

Taking a Break: Host-Fungi in a Distance Relationship

Cryptococcus: An Opportunistic Killer Fungus with a Wide Virulence Arsenal

Fonsecaea spp. Extracellular Components: From the Cell Wall to Beyond

Chapter 14

Mycobiota Dysbiosis in Immune-Associated Pathologies

Host-Microbiota Interactions in Mucosal Tissues

Mycobiota and Immune System Development

Gut Mycobiota in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Lung Mycobiota in Airway Diseases

Gut-Lung Mycobiota Axis in Airway Diseases

Gut-Liver Mycobiota Axis in Hepatic Diseases

Host-Microbiota Interactions in the Skin

Mycobiota in Skin Diseases

Chapter 15

Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19)-Positive Patients as Susceptible Hosts to Severe Fungal Coinfections

Aspergillosis and COVID-19

Candidiasis and COVID-19

Mucormycosis and COVID-19

Other Clinically Relevant Fungi and COVID-19

Chapter 16

Antifungal Resistance Mechanisms

Efflux Transport

Alteration of the Antifungal Target Site

Overexpression of Drug Target

Reduction of the Drug Uptake

Conclusion: Final Considerations and Future Perspectives

Chapter 17

Drug Delivery Systems Targeting Fungal Brain Diseases: Achievements, Challenges and Perspectives

Antifungal Therapy for Central Nervous System Infections and Pharmacokinetics

Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery Targeting the Central Nervous System

Amphotericin B Formulations.

Multifunctionalization of Nanocarriers.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

Other Format:

Print version: dos, Luis Souza The Book of Fungal Pathogens

ISBN:

9798886974706