Understanding and improving crop root function / edited by Peter Gregory.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Gregory, P. J., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Roots (Botany)--Growth.

Roots (Botany).

Physical Description:

1 online resource (745 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Cambridge, England ; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, [2021]

Summary:

"...a well-curated collection of chapters that provides a broad state-of-the-art survey of how roots contribute to plant crop performance and edaphic stress tolerance...Given the urgency to deploy sustainable and resilient agricultural technologies, this excellent collection demonstrates how novel approaches and collaborative trans-disciplinarity can prepare the field of root biology for transformative, real-world impacts." (Annals of Botany) Recent decades have seen a dramatic increase in research on plant roots. A deeper understanding of the complex ways roots interact with soils is making it possible to 'design' roots to optimise nutrient/water uptake in low-input environments, as well as deliver other benefits such as improved soil health and reduced nutrient leaching. Continued research is needed in this important area so that it can contribute to more sustainable, 'climate-smart' crop production. Understanding and improving crop root function features authoritative reviews of current research in all aspects of root science, including root growth regulators, root anatomy, nutrient acquisition and root system architecture. This collection discusses the responses of plant roots to abiotic and biotic stresses and how understanding nutrient uptake can be exploited to optimise root function. The book concludes with a dedicated section on methods used to improve crop root function and crop nutrient use efficiency, such as the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). With its eminent editor and international array of expert authors, Understanding and improving crop root function will be a standard reference for university researchers in crop physiology and nutrition, government and other agencies supporting agriculture, companies supplying crop nutrition products and services, as well as farmers.

Contents:

Cover

Half-Title

Series

Title

Copyright

Contents

Series list

Introduction

Part 1 Analysing root system architecture, growth and interactions with the rhizosphere

1 Advances in root architectural modeling

1 Introduction

2 Advances in the application of root system architectural (RSA) models

3 Advances in model development

4 Current challenges and future directions

5 Conclusions

6 Acknowledgements

7 Where to look for further information

8 References

2 The development of crop root architecture and optimization of nutrition acquisition the case of rice

2 Rice root architecture and cellular organization of the rice root

3 Hormone regulation of rice root development

4 Control of rice root development by other pathways

5 Adaptation of RSA to environmental conditions

6 Future trends in research

8 Acknowledgement

9 References

3 Advances in understanding plant root growth regulators

2 Auxin

3 Cytokinin

4 Strigolactones

5 Using plant growth regulators to control root development for improved nutrient uptake

7 Conclusion

8 Where to look for further information

4 Advances in understanding plant root anatomy and nutrient acquisition

2 Root anatomical traits

3 The nutrient acquisition mechanisms

4 Environmental issues affecting nutrient acquisition

5 Adaptations of root anatomical traits

6 Impact of adapted root anatomical traits on nutrient acquisition

7 Case study: root anatomy of maize under nutrient shortage

8 Summary

9 Future trends in research

10 Where to look for further information

11 References.

5 Advances in understanding plant root hairs in relation to nutrient acquisition and crop root function

2 Root hair physiology and development

3 Phylogenetic and genetic variation in root hairs

4 Root hair interactions with the environment

5 Trade-offs and interactions with other traits

6 Prospects for utilising root hairs

7 Acknowledgement

6 Understanding plant-root interactions with rhizobacteria to improve biological nitrogen fixation in crops

2 Understanding existing interactions of plants with nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria

3 Improvements and limitations to nitrogen-fixing associations and engineering new symbioses

4 Conclusion

5 Acknowledgements

6 Where to look for further information

7 References

7 Advances in understanding arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal effects on soil nutrient cycling

2 Current understanding of AM fungi and nutrient cycling

3 AM fungal effects on soil fertility in an agronomic context

4 Future research: functional linkages between roots and AM fungi

5 Where to look for further information

6 References

Part 2 Root response to biotic threats

8 Advances in understanding plant root response to weedy root parasites

2 Host-parasitic weed interaction

3 Host plant defence

4 Future trends in research

9 Advances in understanding plant root responses to root-feeding insects

2 Root-feeding insects: an evolving research path

3 Changes in plant growth and physiology

4 Root defences against root herbivory

5 Root defence via fungal partners

6 Conclusion and future trends

8 References.

10 Advances in understanding plant root response to nematode attack

2 Modes of parasitism

3 Plant-nematode interactions

4 Activation and suppression of plant defence responses

5 Resistance

6 Future trends

Part 3 Root uptake of nutrients and water

11 Advances in the understanding of nitrogen (N) uptake by plant roots

2 Nitrogen in the soil

3 Nitrogen uptake and NUE in agriculture

4 Genetic variation in NUE and roots

5 Transporters involved in nitrogen uptake

6 Root responses to nitrogen availability

7 Effects of soil conditions and structure on root N-uptake and proliferation

8 Future trends for crop improvement

9 Acknowledgements

11 References

12 Advances in understanding plant root uptake of phosphorus

2 Root architecture and morphology associated with phosphorus (P) uptake

3 Root biochemistry associated with P uptake

4 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and fine root endophytes

5 Trade-offs in traits

6 Microbially-mediated efficient P acquisition in species-diverse systems

7 Farming-management practice in P acquisition at the intensive agricultural system level

8 Breeding to improve P acquisition

9 Case study: mobilisation of phosphorus and manganese in cluster roots of Lupinus albus

10 Conclusion

11 Future trends in research

12 Where to look for further information

13 Acknowledgement

14 References

13 Advances in understanding plant root water uptake

2 Principles of water flow in soil and plants

3 Rhizosphere processes relevant for root water uptake

4 Conclusion and future trends

Part 4 Improving root function.

14 Understanding and exploiting the genetics of plant root traits

2 Mapping loci for root traits

3 Fine mapping and cloning of loci for root traits

4 Genomics-assisted breeding for root traits

5 Conclusion and future trends

15 The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to improve root function and crop nutrient use efficiency

2 The effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on root function

3 The effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on plant mineral nutrition

5 Conclusion

16 The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve root function and nutrient-use efficiency

2 Mycorrhizal nutrient acquisition

3 AMF effects on root architecture

4 Barriers to AMF utilisation in agriculture

5 Adapt, replace, restore (or ignore?)

6 Conclusion

7 Future trends in research

8 Where to look for more information

17 Using systems agronomy to exploit deep roots in crops

2 Wheat-based farming systems in south-eastern Australia - a brief overview

3 Unused subsoil water

4 Improving root systems to capture subsoil water

5 Increasing the depth of roots

6 Capturing more subsoil water - manipulating the system rather than the soil

7 Genetic improvements to rooting depth and density

8 Accounting for legacy effects

9 Scaling up to whole farm benefits

10 The future - using more of the soil and more of the season

11 Conclusions

13 References

18 ootstocks to improve root function and resource-use efficiency

2 Nutrient relations

3 Water relations

4 Phytohormones.

5 Case study: Tomato rootstocks as a viable strategy to overcome abiotic stresses in Ghana

7 Future trends

10 References

19 Delivering improved phosphorus acquisition by root systems in pasture and arable crops

2 Options for improving phosphorus acquisition by roots in pastures and arable crops

3 Rhizosphere modifications that improve phosphorus acquisition

4 Understanding the agronomic context in which improved phosphorus acquisition by roots can deliver benefits

5 Critical phosphorus benchmarks for soil phosphorus management

6 Case study: improving the phosphorus efficiency of sheep and beef grassland farming in southern Australia

7 Conclusion and future trends in research

Index.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-78676-363-X

1-78676-362-1