Behavioral Economics in Healthcare : Understanding, Predicting, and Influencing Stakeholder Choices and Decisions.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Yıldırım, Ahmet.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Medical education.

Decision making in old age.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (161 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Leeds : Emerald Publishing Limited, 2024.

Summary:

Examining the roots of decisional errors stemming from biases, shortcuts, and reliance on incentives, Yıldırım offers a deeper understanding of the influences on modern healthcare decisions and provides an avenue to guide the design of a more effective healthcare system which fosters improved mutual understanding among stakeholders.

Contents:

Cover

Behavioral Economics in Healthcare

Behavioral Economics in Healthcare: Understanding, Predicting, and Influencing Stakeholder Choices and Decisions

Copyright Page

Contents

About the Author

Preface

1. A Brief Introduction to Economics and Behavioral Economics

Abstract

1.1 Why "Behavioral Economics in Health?"

1.2 Understanding Economics

1.3 Historical Roots

1.4 The Myth of a "Rational Man"

1.5 Is It Possible to Be a "Rational Man"?

1.6 Getting to Know Behavioral Economics

1.7 Chapter Summary

2. General Principles of Behavioral Economics in the Context of Healthcare

2.1. The Theory of System 1 and System 2

2.2 Differing Choices: An Entry to Prospect Theory

2.3 Decision Shortcuts

2.4 Loss Aversion and the Dominance of the Negative

2.5 Risk Management Problems

2.6 Chasing the Certainty

2.7 Framing

2.8 The Issue of Relativity

2.9 Social Proof

2.10 Convenience

2.11 Expectations and Placebos

2.12 Focusing

2.13 Affect

2.14 Endowment

2.15 Ego Depletion

2.16 Adaptations

2.17 Availability

2.18 Chapter Summary

3. Some Heuristics, Biases, and Thinking Mistakes

3.1 Statistical Evaluation Errors

3.1.1 Base Rate Fallacy

3.1.2 The Law of Large Numbers

3.1.3 Average versus Variance

3.1.4 The Gambler's Fallacy

3.2 Failures in Understanding Causes and Effects

3.2.1 Regression to the Mean

3.2.2 Problems in Evaluating Correlations

3.2.3 Reverse Causality

3.2.4 Omitted Variables

3.2.5 The Single Cause Fallacy and Jumping to the Conclusions

3.2.6 Relating the Resemblances

3.3 Confirmation Bias and Paradigm Dependence

3.4 Errors Based on Optimism

3.4.1 Excessive Confidence

3.4.2 Self-Favoritism

3.4.3 Epistemic Arrogance

3.5 Action Bias

3.6 Overdiagnosis.

3.7 Hindsight Bias and the Historians' Mistake

3.8 Primacy Effect

3.9 Information Bias

3.10 Sunk Cost Fallacy

3.11 Time Myopia and Hyperbolic Discounting

3.12 Negligence of Opportunity Costs

3.13 Halo Effect

3.14 Authority Bias

3.15 Illusion of Control

3.16 Chapter Summary

4. The Upside of Heuristics and Biases

4.1 System 1 and 2 With Regard to the Virtue of Biases

4.2 Examples Illustrating the Effectiveness of Biases and Heuristics

4.2.1 Availability

4.2.2 Myopia

4.2.3 Loss Aversion

4.2.4 Affect and Emotions

4.2.5 Optimism

4.3 The Virtue of Heuristics

4.4 Chapter Summary

5. Overcoming Thinking Failures

5.1 Difficulty of Avoiding Failures

5.2 The Role of Education

5.3 Using Shortcuts Against Mistakes

5.4 Paying Attention to the Topic

5.5 Some Practical Suggestions

5.6 Chapter Summary

6. Nudges in Health

6.1 An Introduction to the Theory of Nudges

6.2 Increasing Attractiveness

6.3 Social Proof

6.4 The Principle of Convenience

6.5 Affect and Emotions

6.6 Active Promises

6.7 Dominance of the Negative in Nudges

6.8 A Few More Suggestions

6.9 Controversies Around the Nudges

6.10 Chapter Summary

7. Incentives in the Healthcare Industry

7.1 Understanding Incentives

7.2 Incentives in the Healthcare Sector

7.3 Pricing Healthcare

7.4 The Issue of Malpractice

7.5 Cultural and Ideological Effects in Healthcare

7.6 Chapter Summary

8. Incentives in the Health Science

8.1 What Is Science?

8.2 An Introduction to Science in Medicine

8.3 The Polluting Factors in Medical Research

8.3.1 Incidental Wrong Findings

8.3.2 Methodological Problems

8.3.3 The Problem of Generalizability

8.3.4 Proxy Measurements

8.3.5 Stakeholder Incentives

8.3.5.1 Journals.

8.3.5.2 Media

8.3.5.3 Scientists and Doctors

8.3.5.4 Industry

8.4 Suggestions for Solutions

8.5 Chapter Summary

References

Index.

Notes:

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Part of the metadata in this record was created by AI, based on the text of the resource.

Other Format:

Print version: Yıldırım, Ahmet Behavioral Economics in Healthcare

ISBN:

9781836620822

OCLC:

1472981204