Regenerative Endodontics : Biological Foundation, Protocols and Future Directions / Alexandre Henrique dos Reis-Prado, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Dos Reis-Prado, Alexandre Henrique, editor.

Series:

Dentistry and Oral Sciences Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Dental pulp--Diseases--Treatment.

Dental pulp.

Tissue engineering.

Endodontics.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (196 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Medicine & Health, [2024]

Summary:

"Tooth loss is strongly associated with the occurrence of several comorbidities and social well-being problems, mainly among children and young people. These individuals may have the process of tooth development impaired by microbial invasion caused by untreated dental caries, traumatic injuries, and/or dental anomalies. Although conventional endodontic treatment was considered the treatment of choice for necrotic teeth for many years, regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) has become a paradigm shift in the treatment of young permanent teeth with pulp necrosis and an open apex. REP is a biologically based procedure, which has gained popularity among many researchers and clinicians and involves the three classic principles of tissue engineering (stem cells, signaling molecules, and a 3-dimensional scaffold), in addition to the need for efficient bacteria control within the root canal system. In addition to promoting pain resolution and the preservation of the remaining tooth structure, this approach aims to allow continued development and regeneration of the root and surrounding damaged tissues of necrotic young permanent teeth. Despite the absence of a standard irrigation protocol available in REPs, the ideal protocol should be based on microbiological and immunological principles, eliminating biofilm and enhancing growth factor release to favor stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, clinicians should choose adequate scaffold materials to induce the formation of mineralized tissue in the weakened dentinal walls and ensure an optimum environment for tissue regeneration or repair. The search for appropriate strategies over the years to recreate the most ideal regenerative niche, evaluating different biomimetic cell-friendly protocols and materials to optimize the outcomes of REPs, is to be foreseen in the future. Thus, this book addresses the biological basis of tissue regeneration, clinical indications, current clinical protocols, the most suitable biomaterials used in REPs, the characteristics of clinical success, and the management of treatment failure, as well as the future perspectives of REPs in Endodontics"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Preface

Acknowledgments

Part I. Tissue Engineering

Chapter 1

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Sources and Populations of MSCs on Craniofacial Tissues

2.1. Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells (DPSC)

2.2. Stem Cells from Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHED)

2.3. Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (PDLSC)

2.4. Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells (GMSC)

2.5. Stem Cells from Apical Papilla (SCAP)

2.6. Dental Follicle Precursors Cells (DFPC)

3. Perspectives on Dental Pulp Stem Cell Therapy

Conclusion

References

Chapter 2

Signaling Molecules / Growth Factors

2. Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGF-β1)

3. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)

4. Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)

5. Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF-2)

6. Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)

7. Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)

8. Nervous Growth Factor (NGF)

9. Factor-1 Derived from Stromal Cells (SDF-1)

10. Other Signaling Molecules: Non-Collagen Proteins, Dentin Phosphoprotein, Chondroitin / Dermatan Sulfate Proteoglycan, Glycosaminoglycans Sulfate

Conclusion and Future Perspectives

Chapter 3

Scaffolds

2. Tissue Engineering

3. Morphological and Biological Characteristics

4. Methods for Creating Scaffolds

4.1. Electrospinning

4.2. Gas-Foaming Technique

4.3. 3D Printing

4.4. Phase Separation Technique

4.5. Freeze-Drying

4.6. Pyrogen Leaching

4.7. Fiber Meshes

5. Scaffold Materials

6. Drug Release Systems

6.1. Hydrogel Systems

6.2. Microsphere Systems

6.3. Membrane-Based Systems

Application in Regenerative Endodontics and Conclusion

Part II. Current Clinical Protocols and Biomaterials

Chapter 4.

The Characteristics of Immature Permanent Teeth with Pulp Necrosis

2. Morphological and Anatomical Characteristics of Young Permanent Teeth

3. Pulp Necrosis in Immature Permanent Teeth

3.1. Causes and Mechanisms of the Pulp Necrosis

3.1.1. Traumatic Dental Injuries

3.1.2. Caries

3.1.3. Odontogenic Anomalies

3.2. Diagnosis of Pulpal Status

3.3. Microbiological Aspects

3.4. Response of the Apical Odontogenic Complex to Infection

4. Challenges in the Treatment of Necrotic Immature Permanent Teeth

4.1. Clinical Challenges

4.2. Long Term Prognosis

4.3. Quality of Life Impact

Chapter 5

Case Selection for Regenerative Endodontic Procedures

2. Criteria for Patient Selection

2.1. Age

2.2. Root Maturation Stage

2.3. Clinical and Radiographic Signs

2.4. Patient's General Health Status

2.5. Patient Profile

Chapter 6

Disinfection and Its Impact on Regeneration

2. Irrigants

2.1. Irrigation Techniques and Adjuvants of Root Canal Disinfection

2.2. Intracanal Interappointment Dressing

Chapter 7

Biomaterials Used in Regenerative Endodontics

2. Natural Materials

2.1. Hyaluronic Acid

2.2. Fibrin

2.3. Chitosan

2.4. Collagen

3. Synthetic Materials

3.1. Polylactic Acid (PLA)

3.2. Poly-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA)

3.3. Polyglycolic Acid (PGA)

3.4. Poly-Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA)

3.5. Polycaprolactone (PCL)

4. Tissue Engineering Strategies Based on Biomaterials for Pulp Regeneration

4.1. Association of Angiogenic Substances and Biologically Active Hydrogels

4.2. Microspheres with Designed Topography for Dual Delivery Function.

4.3. Hybrid Scaffolds with Simultaneous Antimicrobial Action and Pulp Regeneration

4.4. Dual-Function Hydrogels: Regenerative and Antimicrobial

4.5. Mineral Chemostatic Factors for Stimulating Odontoblastic Differentiation

4.6. Incorporation of Small Molecules and Biological Factors for Guided Regeneration

Chapter 8

Clinical Success and Management of Treatment Failure

2. Factors Influencing Treatment Success

2.1. Adequate Case Selection

2.2. Surgical Techniques and Protocols

2.3. Materials Used in Treatment

3. Assessment of Clinical Success

3.1. Radiographic Evaluation

3.2. Sensitivity Tests

3.3. Clinical Symptom Assessment

4. Management of Treatment Failure

4.1. Root Resorption

4.2. Persistent Infection

4.3. Weak Root Development and Root Fracture

4.4. Insufficient Bleeding

4.5. Pulp Canal Obliteration

5. Options for Subsequent Treatment

Part III. Future Directions

Chapter 9

A Path Forward for Regenerative Endodontics

2. Cell-Based versus Cell-Homing

2.1. Stem Cells

2.2. Growth Factors

2.3. Scaffolds

Index

Blank Page.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

Other Format:

Print version: Reis-Prado, Henrique dos Regenerative Endodontics: Biological Foundation, Protocols and Future Directions

ISBN:

9798895300916