Uyghurs : forced labor and ongoing genocide / Joel Goodwin, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Goodwin, Joel, editor.

Series:

Asian political, economic and social issues.

Asian Political, Economic and Social Issues Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Forced labor.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (251 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., [2025]

Summary:

Uyghurs are a Muslim ethnic minority group living primarily in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) in the far northwest of the People's Republic of China. The Chinese government has detained as many as two million Uyghurs in mass internment camps and subjected them to political indoctrination, torture, forced labor, and other human rights abuses. The export of products made by forced labor has enabled the CCP to build a technologically enabled surveillance state and allowed the party to profit from its atrocities. The U.S. government has responded by implementing targeted restrictions on trade with Xinjiang and imposing visa and economic sanctions.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Preface

Chapter 1

China Primer: Uyghurs0F(

Forced Assimilation

Mass Internment

Forced Labor

Selected U.S. Responses

East Turkestan Islamic Movement

Chapter 2

Implementation of the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act and the Impact on Global Supply Chains1F(

Opening Statement of Hon. Christopher Smith, A U.S. Representative from New Jersey

Chair, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Statement of Hon. James P. Mcgovern,

a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts

Statement of Hon. Jeff Merkley, A U.S. Senator from Oregon

Co-Chair, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Statement of Hon. Ryan Zinke, a U.S. Representative

from Montana

Statement of Hon. Jennifer Wexton, a U.S. Representative from Virginia

Statement of Hon. Zachary Nunn, a U.S. Representative from Iowa

Statement of Hon. Michelle Steel, A U.S. Representative from California

Statement of Anasuya Syam, Human Rights and Trade Policy Director, Human Trafficking Legal Center

Statement of Laura Murphy, Professor of Human Rights

and Contemporary Slavery, Helena Kennedy Centre for International Justice, Sheffield Hallam University

Statement of Kit Conklin, Nonresident Senior Fellow, Geotech Center, Atlantic Council

Statement of Elfidar Iltebir, President, Uyghur American Association

Appendix: Prepared Statements

Prepared Statement of Anasuya Syam

Insights from CBP's New UFLPA ''Data Dashboard''

CBP's UFLPA Applicability Review Determinations

The Issue of Low Value Direct-to-Consumer or De Minimis Packages Evading Customs Scrutiny

Need for More Public Disclosure of Trade Data- Including Air, Rail, and Road Cargo

Pushing for "No Safe Harbor for Forced Labor"-

Need for Information Sharing and International Coordination Around Import Bans Against Forced Labor.

Conclusion

Prepared Statement of Laura T. Murphy

Successes

Challenges of Enforcement: Corporate Compliance

Enforcement Challenge: Obscuring Supply Chains

Enhancing Priority Sectors

Enhancing the Entity Lists

Conclusion

Prepared Statement of Kit Conklin

Overview

Reflecting the Increased International Consensus on the Need to Address Forced Labor

Enforcement

Compliance Challenges

Guidance

Towards Sustainable Compliance

Prepared Statement of Elfidar Iltebir

Prepared Statement of Hon. Chris Smith

Prepared Statement of Hon. Jeff Merkley

Prepared Statement of Hon. James P. McGovern

Submissions for the Record

Submission of Robby Stephany Saunders and Charles Benoit, Coalition for a Prosperous America Implementation of the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act and the Impact on Global Supply Chains

Introduction

Trade

De Minimis

Investment

A-Shares and Passive Investments

Harmonizing Government Sanctions-How to Guide Investors Away from Bad Actor Chinese Companies Including Forced Labor Human Rights Violators

Appendices: Appendix A: OP-ED

[Reprinted from The Hill, March 16, 2023]

How Congress Can Compel Global Divestment From China's Forced Labor46F

By Robby Stephany Saunders, Opinion contributor

Appendix B: Addendum

New Data from CPA on Publicly Traded, Chinese-Linked Companies Present in Household Investment Products Linked to Forced Labor

Witness Biographies

Chapter 3

Exploitation and Enforcement: Evaluating the Department of Homeland Security's Efforts to Counter Uyghur Forced Labor47F(

Statement of Chairman Dan Bishop October 19, 2023

Statement of Doreen P. Greenwald, National President, National Treasury Employees Union

Trade Enforcement and Compliance Staffing

Trade Act Of 2002 and CBP Synthetic Opioid Interdiction

Recommendations.

Statement of Ranking Member Glenn Ivey October 19, 2023

Statement of Ranking Member Bennie G. Thompson October 19, 2023

Statement of Kimberly Glas, President and CEO, National Council of Textile Organizations

Prepared Statement of Kimberly Glas October 19, 2023

U.S. Textile Industry Key Facts

Introduction: Enforcement Is Key

China's Rise to Dominance in Global Textile and Apparel Production

Impact on U.S. Trade Partners in the Western Hemisphere

The Biden-Harris Administration's Call to Action

Part I: Supply Chains

China's Forced Labor Textile and Apparel Supply Chains

Part II: Enforcement

Enforcement of UFLPA

Current CBP Testing Statistics and Findings

Section 321 De Minimis Tariff Waivers

Free Trade Agreement False Origin Claims

Recommendations

Congress Must Get Aggressive on Oversight of Customs Enforcement

Congress Must Aid American Lives and Human Rights by Closing the De Minimis Forced Labor Loophole

Statement of Peter Mattis, President, Jamestown Foundation

Prepared Statement of Peter Mattis October 19, 2023

Statement of Louisa Greve, Director of Global Advocacy, Uyghur Human Rights Project

Statement of Louisa Greve October 19, 2023

Incremental Nature of UFLPA Implementation Enforcement Steps

Strategy Published 6 Months After Enactment, as Required Under the Law

On-Going Additions of Targeted Sectors

Transparency

New Tracing Tools

Tools for Private-Sector Supply Chain Tracing and UFLPA Compliance

Addressing the De Minimis ''Black Box''

Need for Transparency on Rail, Road, and Air Imports

Slow Pace of Additions to the UFLPA Entity List

Penalties for ''Knowingly Benefiting'' from the Importation of Goods Produced with Forced Labor

Fruits of Uyghur Forced Labor: Sanctioned Products on American Grocery Store Shelves.

Statement of Michael Stumo, CEO, Coalition for a Prosperous America

Prepared Statement of Michael Stumo October 19, 2023

Forced Labor Enforcement Actions Against Merchandise from China Need to Be Country-Wide, Not Entity Specific

DHS Enforcement Strategies Are Meaningless Thanks to De Minimis

Background: Where Did De Minimis Come from?

Why Congress Created ''De Minimis''

The Three Different Types of De Minimis Entry

1994: Birth of the De Minimis Loophole Via Customs Rule-Making

The Final Rule Docket Also Accurately Predicted the Many Calamities of De Minimis

FDA Abandons Oversight Role for Food, Cosmetics, and More

2015: De Minimis Rises from 200 to 800 Without Debate

A Note About De Minimis Monetary Thresholds

''Consignee Entry'' Combined with an 800 De Minimis Threshold Transformed the Nature of International Trade and E-Commerce in America

De Minimis Is Destroying Lawful Retailers and Gutting U.S. Communities

De Minimis and Fentanyl

How to Repeal De Minimis

False Assertions from De Minimis Supporters, and Even CBP's Office of Trade

Exclusive: US Customs Finds Garments Made with Banned Chinese Cotton

How 'Modern-Day Slavery' in the Congo Powers the Rechargeable Battery Economy

On How "Artisanal" Cobalt Mines Continue to Operate in the DRC-Despite Being Illegal

On Why These Conditions Are on Par with Slavery

On the Danger of Collapse in Artisanal Mines

On the Trafficking of Children to Work in the Mines

On Government Corruption Preventing Change

On How China Came to Own Most of the Industrial Mines in the Congo

On Witnessing Suffering and Trauma

Chapter 4

Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act94F(

I. Importation Process and Enforcement of UFLPA

A. Detention

B. Release

C. Exclusion

D. Seizure/Forfeiture.

II. Requesting an Exception to the Rebuttable Presumption

III. Resources for Supply Chain Due Diligence, Tracing, and Management

IV. Type and Nature of Information that May Be Required by CBP

A. Due Diligence System Information

B. Supply Chain Tracing Information

C. Information on Supply Chain Management Measures

D. Evidence Goods Were Not Mined, Produced, or Manufactured Wholly or in Part in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region

E. Evidence Goods Originating in China Were Not Mined, Produced, or Manufactured Wholly or in Part by Forced Labor

Appendix A. Commodity-Specific Supply Chain Tracing Documentation

Cotton

Polysilicon

Tomatoes

Chapter 5

Fast Fashion and the Ugyhur Genocide:

Interim Findings97F(

Executive Summary

Fast Fashion and the Uyghur Genocide

Interim Key Findings

Chapter 6

The Chinese Communist Party's Ongoing

Uyghur Genocide: Policy Recommendations113F(

Select Committee Hearing on the Uyghur Genocide

Witnesses

Testimony

Key Findings and Recommendations

1. Key Finding: The Perpetrators of the CCP's Genocide Continue to Commit Atrocities in the XUAR and Have Not Been Held Sufficiently Accountable for Their Actions

2. Key Finding: The United States Has Led the Way in Trying to Hold the Perpetrators of the CCP's Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity Accountable, but Other Countries Have Lagged in Fulfilling Their Treaty Commitments to Prevent or Halt Genocide as...

3. Key Finding: Products Made with Uyghur Forced Labor Continue to Contaminate Global Supply Chains

4. Key Finding: U.S. and International Investment in the PRC Contributed to the Development and Deployment of Advanced Technology That Enables the Surveillance and Control Apparatus in The XUAR.

5. Key Finding: Existing Statutes to Hold the Perpetrators Accountable and Deter Further Atrocities Have Not Been Fully Implemented.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

Other Format:

Print version: Goodwin, Joel Uyghurs: Forced Labor and Ongoing Genocide

ISBN:

9798895303443