Capillary fluid exchange : regulation, functions, and pathology / Joshua Scallan, Virgina H. Huxley, and Ronald J. Korthuis.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Scallan, Joshua.

Huxley, Virgina H.

Korthuis, Ronald J.

Series:

Colloquium series on integrated systems physiology ; #3.

Colloquium lectures on integrated systems physiology : from molecule to function, 1947-945X ; lecture #3

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Cardiovascular system.

Biological transport.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (94 p.)

Place of Publication:

[San Rafael, Calif.?] : Morgan & Claypool, 2010.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

The partition of fluid between the vascular and interstitial compartments is regulated by forces (hydrostatic and oncotic) operating across the microvascular walls and the surface areas of permeable structures comprising the endothelial barrier to fluid and solute exchange, as well as within the extracellular matrix and lymphatics. In addition to its role in the regulation of vascular volume, transcapillary fluid filtration also allows for continuous turnover of water bathing tissue cells, providing the medium for diffusional flux of oxygen and nutrients required for cellular metabolism and removal of metabolic byproducts. Transendothelial volume flow has also been shown to influence vascular smooth muscle tone in arterioles, hydraulic conductivity in capillaries, and neutrophil transmigration across postcapillary venules, while the flow of this filtrate through the interstitial spaces functions to modify the activities of parenchymal, resident tissue, and metastasizing tumor cells. Likewise, the flow of lymph, which is driven by capillary filtration, is important for the transport of immune and tumor cells, antigen delivery to lymph nodes, and for return of filtered fluid and extravasated proteins to the blood. Given this background, the aims of this treatise are to summarize our current understanding of the factors involved in the regulation of transcapillary fluid movement, how fluid movements across the endothelial barrier and through the interstitium and lymphatic vessels influence cell function and behavior, and the pathophysiology of edema formation.

Contents:

1. Fluid movement across the endothelial barrier

The starling equation

Hydraulic conductivity

Assessment of diffusive permeability

Convective solute transport across the microvascular walls

Capillary the morphology varies among organs

Transendothelial filtration modifies vascular function

2. The interstitium

Composition, structure and three-dimensional organization of the extracellular matrix in the interstitial spaces

Solute exclusion and osmotic amplification

Compliance and hydraulic conductance in the extracellular matrix

Fluid flow in the interstitium modifies the function of tissue cells

3. The lymphatic vasculature

Anatomy and nomenclature of the lymphatic vasculature

Lymph formation

Interstitial fluid pressure and its influence on lymph flow

Lymphatic solute permeability

Propulsion of lymph by the lymphatic muscle pump

Lymphangiogenesis

Tumors and lymphatic metastasis

Cessation of lymph flow and its immunological consequences

4. Pathophysiology of edema formation

The margin of safety against edema formation, edema safety factors

Vasogenic edema

Hypoproteinemia

Permeability edema and inflammation

Neurogenic inflammation

Myxedema

Lymphedema

References.

Notes:

Part of: Colloquium digital library of life sciences.

Series from website.

Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on March 15, 2010).

Includes bibliographical references.

Cited in:

Google scholar

Google book search

ISBN:

1-61504-067-6

OCLC:

656436278