The ocular circulation / Jeffrey W. Kiel.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Kiel, Jeffrey W.

Series:

Colloquium digital library of life sciences.

Colloquium series on integrated systems physiology, from molecule to function, 2154-5626 ; # [12]

Synthesis lectures on integrated systems physiology : from molecule to function to disease, 1947-945X ; lecture #11

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Eye--Blood-vessels.

Eye.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (81 p.)

Place of Publication:

[San Rafael, Calif.?] : Morgan & Claypool, 2011.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This presentation describes the unique anatomy and physiology of the vascular beds that serve the eye. The needs for an unobstructed light path from the cornea to the retina and a relatively fixed corneal curvature and distance between refractive structures pose significant challenges for the vasculature to provide nutrients and remove metabolic waste.To meet these needs, the ocular vascular beds are confined to the periphery of the posterior two thirds of the eye and a surrogate circulation provides a continuous flow of aqueous humor to nourish the avascular cornea, lens and vitreous compartment. The production of aqueous humor (and its ease of egress from the eye) also generates the intraocular pressure (IOP), which maintains the shape of the eye. However, the IOP also exerts a compressing force on the ocular blood vessels that is higher than elsewhere in the body. This is particularly true for the intraocular veins, which must have a pressure higher than IOP to remain patent, and so the IOP is the effective venous pressure for the intraocular vascular beds. Consequently, the ocular circulation operates at a lower perfusion pressure gradient than elsewhere in the body and is more at risk for ischemic damage when faced with low arterial pressure, particularly if IOP is elevated. This risk and the specialized tissues of the eye give rise to the fascinating physiology of the ocular circulations.

Contents:

1. Introduction

2. Anatomy

General eye features

Vascular supply and drainage

Innervation

3. Blood flow measuring techniques

4. Ocular perfusion pressure, IOP and the ocular Starling resistor effect

5. Ocular blood flow effects on IOP

6. Local control of ocular blood flow

Types of local control

Myogenic local control

Metabolic local control

Flow-mediated vasodilation

Flow control by intercellular conduction

Ocular local control

Optic nerve head (ONH)

Choroid

Retina

Ciliary body

Iris

7. Neural control of ocular blood flow

8. Summary

Bibliography

Author's biography.

Notes:

Part of: Colloquium digital library of life sciences.

Series from website.

Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on February 20, 2011).

Includes bibliographical references.

Cited in:

Google scholar

Google book search

ISBN:

1-61504-169-9

OCLC:

698244177