Efficiency Versus Equity in the Provision of In-Kind Benefits: Evidence from Cost Containment in the California WIC Program / Katherine Meckel, Maya Rossin-Slater, Lindsey M. Uniat.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Meckel, Katherine.

Contributor:

National Bureau of Economic Research.

Rossin-Slater, Maya.

Uniat, Lindsey M.

Series:

Working Paper Series (National Bureau of Economic Research) no. w26718.

NBER working paper series no. w26718

Language:

English

Physical Description:

1 online resource: illustrations (black and white);

Other Title:

Efficiency Versus Equity in the Provision of In-Kind Benefits

Place of Publication:

Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research 2020.

Summary:

In many U.S. public programs, the government contracts with private firms to deliver in-kind benefits to recipients. These public-private partnerships generate agency problems that could drive up costs and lower program efficiency, but cost containment regulations may discourage firm participation and reduce access among eligible households. We examine these trade-offs in the context of California's Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), which provides vouchers to low-income pregnant women and children under five to obtain free food packages from private vendors, and has complex rules about eligible products. We use variation from a 2012 cost containment reform, which resulted in a 55 percent drop in the number of small vendors, and examine how local access to small vendors affects WIC take-up among pregnant women. We find that within-ZIP-code access to small vendors raises the likelihood of WIC take-up among first-time mothers, and that this effect is stronger for foreign-born than U.S.-born women and exists even for mothers who also have access to a larger WIC vendor. Our findings suggest that small vendors are uniquely effective at lowering barriers to take-up among subgroups of women with high program learning costs, and that cost containment reforms, which frequently target these vendors, may have unintended consequences of inequitably reducing program access.

Notes:

Print version record

January 2020.