Why Is Productivity Procyclical? Why Do We Care? / Susanto Basu, John Fernald.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Basu, Susanto.

Contributor:

National Bureau of Economic Research.

Fernald, John.

Series:

Working Paper Series (National Bureau of Economic Research) no. w7940.

NBER working paper series no. w7940

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Comparative advantage (International trade).

Physical Description:

1 online resource: illustrations (black and white);

Place of Publication:

Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research 2000.

Cambridge, Massachussetts : National Bureau of Economic Research, [2000]

Summary:

Productivity rises in booms and falls in recessions. There are four main explanations for this procyclical productivity: (i) procyclical technology shocks, (ii) widespread imperfect competition and increasing returns, (iii) variable utilization of inputs over the cycle, and (iv) resource reallocations. Recent macroeconomic literature views this stylized fact of procyclical productivity as an essential feature of business cycles because each explanation has important implications for macroeconomic modeling. In this paper, we discuss empirical methods for assessing the importance of these four explanations. We provide microfoundations for our preferred approach of estimating an explicitly first-order approximation to the production function, using a theoretically motivated proxy for utilization. When we implement this approach, we find that variable utilization and resource reallocations are particularly important in explaining procyclical productivity. We also argue that the reallocation effects that we identify are not biases' they reflect changes in an economy's ability to produce goods and services for final consumption from given primary inputs of capital and labor. Thus, from a normative viewpoint, reallocations are significant for welfare; from a positive viewpoint, they constitute potentially important amplification and propagation mechanisms for macroeconomic modeling.

Notes:

Print version record

October 2000.