What Have Two Decades of British Economic Reform Delivered? / David Card, Richard B. Freeman.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Card, David.

Contributor:

National Bureau of Economic Research.

Freeman, Richard B.

Series:

Working Paper Series (National Bureau of Economic Research) no. w8801.

NBER working paper series no. w8801

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Deregulation--Great Britain.

Deregulation.

Great Britain--Economic conditions--1964-1979.

Great Britain.

Great Britain--Economic policy--1945-1964.

Physical Description:

1 online resource: illustrations (black and white);

Place of Publication:

Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research 2002.

Cambridge, Massachusetts : National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.

Summary:

Beginning in 1979 with the newly electted Thatcher Government and continuing under successive Conservative and Labour Governments, the United Kingdom has embarked on a two-decade-long experiment in economic reform. We present evidence that the reform process has succeeded in making the UK more market-friendly than its European competitors. In fact, by the 1990s Britain ranked near the top of the league tables for freedom of markets, in some cases even ahead of the United States. To evaluate the effects of these reforms we compare trends in macroeconomic outcomes in the UK relative to the US, Germany, and France. During the 1980s and 1990s Britain halted the relative declines in GDP per capita and labour productivity that had characterized earlier decades, and partially closed the gap in income per capita with France and Germany. These gains were mainly attributable to relative rises in employment and hours. Unlike its EU competitors, Britain was able to achieve high employment-population rates with rising real wages for workers. The case that the change in economic performance can be credited to market-oriented reforms is harder to prove. Nevertheless, based on our own macro-level analyses, and micro-level evidence from several companion studies, we conclude that economic reforms contributed to halting the nearly century-long trend in relative economic decline of the UK relative to its historic competitors, Germany and France.

Notes:

Print version record

February 2002.