OECD economic surveys : United States 1996-1997 / Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, issuing body.

Series:

OECD Economic Surveys: United States

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Economic history.

United States--Economic policy--1971-1981.

United States.

United States--Economic conditions--1971-1981.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (230 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Paris, France : OECD Publishing, [1997]

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Assessment and recommendations I. Recent trends and prospects -Introduction -The supply side and prices -Short-term economic prospects II. Macroeconomic policies -Fiscal policy -Monetary and exchange-rate policy and financial market developments III. An overview of structural policy developments -Introduction -Trade and investment policy -Financial markets -Other regulatory reform -Environmental matters -Labour market policies and developments -Health care reform -Miscellaneous structural policy changes IV. The economics of US immigration policy -Introduction -The current policy environment -The magnitude and nature of recent US immigration -The economic effects of immigration -The demographic effects of immigration -Some social aspects of immigration -The recent policy debate -Options for reform V. Pervasive entrepreneurship: a source of economic dynamism -Introduction -The pervasiveness of entrepreneurship -Reasons for the prevalence of entrepreneurial activity -Conclusions Bibliography Annexes -I. Specific Medicare savings proposals -II. Calendar of main economic events Statistical annex and structural indicators.

Contents:

Intro

Table of contents

Assessment and recommendations

I. Recent trends and prospects

Introduction

Recent trends in aggregate demand

Box 1. The 1997 annual national accounts revision

Figure 1. CONSUMPTION

Table 1. Household balance sheets

Figure 2. FAVOURABLE ASPECTS OF HOUSEHOLD FINANCES

Figure 3. MORE TROUBLING FEATURES OF HOUSEHOLD FINANCES

Figure 4. STOCKS ARE LEAN

Figure 5. INVESTMENT

Table 2. Current account

Box 2. The effect of exchange rates on prices

Figure 6. FOREIGN SUPPLY

The supply side and prices

Figure 7. PARTICIPATION RATES

Table 3. Employment outcomes in the secondary labour market

Figure 8. INFLATION REMAINS TAME

Box 3. Bias in and changes to the consumer price index

Table 4. Methodological reductions to the consumer price index

Figure 9. LABOUR MARKET PRESSURES

Figure 10. LITTLE EVIDENCE OF TIGHT GOODS SUPPLY

Short-term economic prospects

Table 5. Near-term outlook

II. Macroeconomic policies

Fiscal policy

Overview

Recent federal budgetary outcomes

Table 6. Recent federal budget outcomes

Figure 11. BUDGET DEFICIT IMPROVEMENT

The 1997 legislation

Table 7. FY 1998 CBO and OMB Budget projections

Box 4. Near-term Medicare savings strategies

Figure 12. HEALTH CARE

Table 8. Discretionary spending levels

Longer-term outlook

Table 9. Long-term projection of the federal budget, assuming balanced budget in 2002-07

Box 5. Recommendations on Social Security reform

The state and local sector

Figure 13. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES

Monetary and exchange-rate policy and financial market developments

Recent interest rate developments

Figure 14. INTEREST RATES

Figure 15. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LONG-TERM INTEREST RATES AND REAL GROWTH

An increased appetite for risk?.

Figure 16. YIELD SPREAD ON BONDS OVER THE BUSINESS CYCLE

Developments in money, credit and banking

Exchange rate developments

Figure 17. BILATERAL EXCHANGE RATES AND LONG-TERM INTEREST-RATE DIFFERENTIALS

International capital flows

Table 10. Balance of payments

III. An overview of structural policy developments

Trade and investment policy

Financial markets

Other regulatory reform

Environmental matters

Labour market policies and developments

Table 11. Implementing the OECD Jobs Strategy - an overview of progress

Table 11. Implementing the OECD Jobs Strategy - an overview of progress (cont.)

Health care reform

Table 12. Trends in employer-provided health insurance costs, premiums and coverage

Miscellaneous structural policy changes

IV. The economics of US immigration policy

The current policy environment

Box 6. A brief history of US immigration

Figure 18. US IMMIGRATION LEVELS AND RATES

Table13. Immigration by category: quotas and outcomes for FY 1996

Figure 19. RECENT INFLOWS OF PERMANENT SETTLERS BY ENTRY CLASS

The magnitude and nature of recent US immigration

Table 14. The net immigration rate in OECD countries

Table 15. The contribution of net immigration to the change in total population in OECD countries

Table 16. An overview of native and foreign-born populations, March 1994

The changing source country distribution

Table 17. Immigrant population by place of birth, 1970-90

Table 18. Per capita income in source countries, 1985 and 1995

Table 19. Net immigration by state in the 1990s

Table 20. Educational attainment amoung employed immigrants and natives, 1980 and 1990

Table 21. Education, English language skills and umemployment rates of US immigrants

Table 22. Occupational distribution of US workers, 1980 and 1990.

Table 23. Labour market outcomes of 25 to 64 year-old imiigrant men, 1970-90

Table 24. The wage and earnings gap between immigrants and natives, 1970-90

The economic effects of immigration

Box 7. Some simple theoretical expectations on the economic effects of immigration

Evidence on labour market and distributional effects

Figure 20. LABOUR MARKET EFFECTS OF IMMIGRATION

Table 25. Self-employment rates by region of birth and education level, 1990

Immigrant assimilation

Effects on prices

Effects on the public finances

Table 26. Rates of receipt and average amounts of public assistance, 1970-90

Table 27. Fiscal impacts of immigration: some highlights

The demographic effects of immigration

Table 28. The prospects for US population under different immigration assumptions, 1995-2050

Some social aspects of immigration

The recent policy debate

Options for reform

Policies toward legal immigration

Figure 21. COMPOSITION OF US AND CANADIAN IMMIGRATION

Policies toward illegal immigration

V. Pervasive entrepreneurship: a source of economic dynamism

The pervasiveness of entrepreneurship

Figure 22. FIRM CREATION AND TERMINATION RATES

Table 29. Firm survival rates

Table 30. Job gains and losses

Figure 23. DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYMENT BY EMPLOYER TENURE, 1995

Box 8. Silicon Valley's regional advantage

Table 31. High-tech establishments and their employment, Silicon Valley and Route 128

Reasons for the prevalence of entrepreneurial activity

Table 32. Geographical distribution of venture capital, 1996

Table 33. Geographical preferences of venture capital firms, 1996

Table 34. Marginal effective corporate tax rates, 1980-90

Table 35. Marginal effective tax rates on corporate earnings

Box 9. An assessment of policies supporting science parks

Conclusions.

Notes

Bibliography

ANNEXES

Annex I. Specific Medicare savings proposals

Annex II. Calendar of main economic events

STATISTICAL ANNEX AND STRUCTURAL INDICATORS

Table A. Selected background statistics

Table B. National product and expenditure

Table C. Labour market

Table D. Costs and prices

Table E. Monetary indicators

Table F. Balance of payments, OECD basis

Table G. Public sector

Table H. Financial markets

Table I. Labour market indicators

BASIC STATISTICS: INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS

BASIC STATISTICS: INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS (cont'd)

MAIN SALES OUTLETS OF OECD PUBLICATIONS / PRINCIPAUX POINTS DE VENTE DES PUBLICATIONS DE L'OCDE

BOXES

TABLES

Table 11. Implementing the OECD Jobs Strategy - an overview of progress.

Table 11. Implementing the OECD Jobs Strategy - an overview of progress (cont.)

Table 13. Immigration by category: quotas and outcomes for FY 1996

Table 22. Occupational distribution of US workers, 1980 and 1990

Table 23. Labour market outcomes of 25 to 64 year-old imiigrant men, 1970-90

FIGURES

Figure 2. FAVOURABLE ASPECTS OF HOUSEHOLD FINANCES.

Figure 3. MORE TROUBLING FEATURES OF HOUSEHOLD FINANCES.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

92-64-14953-8

OCLC:

1226586572