Perspectives on global development 2013 : industrial policies in a changing world.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Content Provider.

Series:

Perspectives on global development.

Perspectives on Global Development, 2222-4475

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Economic development--United States.

Economic development.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (253 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

[Place of publication not identified] : OECD, [2013]

Language Note:

English

Summary:

First launched in 2010, Perspectives on Global Development (PGD) is OECD’s annual publication on emerging development issues. The PGD takes the new geography of economic growth, poverty and power as a point of departure. Each year, the report identifies, analyses and provides evidence and policy solutions to the most pressing global development challenges in the new multipolar world. It provides an overview of global trends and structural transformations in the world economy and informs policy makers in developing countries on the implications in the formulation and implementation of national policies. Each year, the report focuses on a different topic covering diverse socio-economic facets of development from trade, development finance, infrastructure, production development and innovation to gender, employment, migration, fiscal and social policies. During the past decade, the global economic centre of gravity has shifted eastwards and southwards, creating new opportunities for economic co-operation, trade and investment but also new challenges. This "shifting wealth" is a game changer for economic policy and is at the centre of the first three editions of the Perspectives on Global Development, which document the phenomenon (PGD 2010) and analyse its implications for social cohesion (PGD 2012) and productive growth strategies (PGD 2013).

Contents:

Intro

Foreword

Acknowledgments

Table of contents

Acronyms and abbreviations

Editorial

Executive summary

Overview

Figure 0.1. Annual GDP growth rates by income group, 1985-2011

Figure 0.2. World top 20 manufacturers, 2010

Figure 0.3. R&amp

D investment and private-sector commitment in selected countries, 2009

Figure 0.4. Firms identifying an inadequately skilled workforce as a major constraint, 2010

Figure 0.5. Credit to SMEs as a percentage of total credit, 2010

Chapter 1. Shifting wealth and the new world economy

Introduction

Shifting wealth encompasses a stock and a flow perspective

Box 1.1. The "four-speed" world and the convergence process in the 2000s

Figure 1.1. Convergence in the world economy: the four-speed world in the 1990s and in the 2000s

Figure 1.2. Changes in net international investment positions between 2005 and 2010

Figure 1.3. Key components of emerging market external assets and liabilities, 1995-2010

Figure 1.4. Pleasant and unpleasant public debt dynamics, 2000-17

Figure 1.5. Annual GDP growth rates by income group, 1980-2010

Figure 1.6. Non-OECD contribution to global GDP growth, 1990-2011

Figure 1.7. Non-OECD share in world GDP, 1980-2011

Figure 1.8. Merchandise trade shares, 1970-2011

Figure 1.9. Sector trade shares

Figure 1.10. Foreign direct investment inflows by region, 2000-11

Figure 1.11. The shifting distribution of global economic power, 1990-2011

Shifting wealth is changing in nature and represents an evolving opportunity

Shifting wealth has fostered global development and has been globally an opportunity, rather than a risk

Figure 1.12. Poverty rates for the developing world, 1981-2008

From shifting wealth I to shifting wealth II

Table 1.1. The developing world's growing China linkage.

Table 1.2. The global development impact: From initial entry to sustained growth effects

Table 1.3. Spending by the global "middle classes", 2010-25

Is shifting wealth sustainable or has it just been a temporary phenomenon linked to the first decade of the 21st century?

Figure 1.13. China's share of world GDP, 1980-2010

Figure 1.14. India's share of world GDP, 1980-2010

Figure 1.15. Chinese renminbi effective exchange rate index, 2000-12

Figure 1.16. Transition from middle-income to advanced-economy levels

Conclusion

Notes

References

Chapter 2. Channels of shifting wealth

Through what channels does shifting wealth affect other developing countries?

The opportunities and challenges differ by country characteristics

Figure 2.1. Natural resource endowment in per capita terms and export dependence, 2005

Figure 2.2. Natural resource endowment as share of wealth and export dependence, 2005

Figure 2.3. Asian economies are increasingly integrated with China through supply chains

Figure 2.4. Flows of intermediate goods and services between and within regions

Figure 2.5. Hausmann's capability indicator ranking of selected countries, 2010

Figure 2.6. Trends in competitive positions measured by unit labour costs in the manufacturing sector

Table 2.1. Classification of countries by pricing in third markets, 2010

Figure 2.7. Pricing by China and low and middle-income countries in the US market

Figure 2.8. Shares of services exports in total exports and services value-added in GDP, 2009

Endowments and strategies shape how shifting wealth affects developing countries

Figure 2.9. China's demand for commodities has been robust

Figure 2.10. China commands over 30% share in world imports of several metals.

Figure 2.11. India's appetite for metal ores has been modest, but rapidly increasing

Chapter 3. The new productive landscape and the renewed interest of developing countries in industrial policy

The productive landscape is changing rapidly

China is changing the geography of production and innovation

Figure 3.1. World top 20 manufacturers, 2010

Figure 3.2. Top 15 destinations of Chinese foreign direct investment outflows, 2003-12

Figure 3.3. Rising patenting in China, 1970-2011

Box 3.1. Secondary education in China: PISA results, 2009

Figure 3.4. PISA scores, China, 2009

Manufacturing is rising in developing economies

Figure 3.5. Manufacturing, intensity and dynamism in developing economies, 2005-10

Box 3.2. Brazil strengthens its strategic partnership with Africa: The role of EMBRAPA

Box 3.3. Emerging economies are increasing their participation in global innovation

Figure 3.6. Scientific articles and co-authorship, 1998 and 2009

Figure 3.7. Country shares in total Patent Co-operation Treaty filings, 2000-11

Developing economies are still facing major competitive challenges

Despite the changing landscape, developing economies are still specialised in low­knowledge content activities

Figure 3.8. Manufacturing by technological intensity, selected countries, 2000-09

Figure 3.9. World top 20 services exporters, 2010

Figure 3.10. Specialisation in exports of knowledge-intensive services, selected countries, 2010

Innovation capabilities are on the rise, but the innovation gap with OECD economies persists

Figure 3.11. R&amp

Figure 3.12. World top research and development investing companies, 2010.

Figure 3.13. Trademark registrations in selected non-OECD economies 2004-10

A growing young population is an asset, but jobs and skills are major challenges

Box 3.4. Promoting youth employment: A key challenge for African countries

Developing economies are implementing industrial policies

Box 3.5. Defining industrial policies: An operational approach

Different factors explain the renewed interest in industrial policy

Box 3.6. Recent initiatives in industrial policy in OECD countries

Box 3.7. The future of manufacturing: An issue of rising interest in the United States

Box 3.8. Strengthening domestic innovation capacities and fostering learning through FDI in China

Countries are implementing industrial policies in a variety of ways

Box 3.9. Learning from the experience of OECD and non-OECD economies in industrial policies

Table 3.1. Recent initiatives in industrial policy, selected developing countries

Table 3.2. Key features of industrial policies

Box 3.10. Recent experiences in industrial policy: Brazil, South Africa and Morocco

Figure 3.14. Industrial policy governance, Brazil's Plano Maior, 2012

Industrial policies face new common challenges

Box 3.11. Multi-annual planning and industrial policy in the Korean catching up strategy

Box 3.12. Addressing informality is a pending challenge for industrial policy: Insights from India

Chapter 4. Emerging issues in implementing industrial policy in developing economies

Avoiding lock-in and capture

Promoting upgrading and diversification

Box 4.1. "Comparative advantages" and structural transformation: An open debate

Fostering scientific and technological development and innovation

Box 4.2. Promoting innovation in Brazil: Sectoral technology funds and the BNDES card.

Figure 4.1. Budget for sectoral technology funds in Brazil, 1999-2011

Box 4.3. Using public procurement to promote industrial development: The experience of South Africa

Activating learning through FDI

Figure 4.2. Determinants for FDI, selected economies, 2003-12

Box 4.4. Attracting knowledge-intensive FDI: The experience of Costa Rica

Encouraging entrepreneurship and start-ups

Box 4.5. Promoting start-ups in Latin America: Recent trends

Figure 4.3. Policy mix to support start-ups

Supporting cluster development

Box 4.6. Fostering supplier networks in the mining sector in Chile

Empowering territories as agents of change

Figure 4.4. Top 40 global fastest growing metropolitan areas, 2010-11

Box 4.7. Regions and international innovation networks: Variety in co-inventorship patterns

Table 4.1. Variety in regional institutional frameworks, selected developing economies

Seizing the potential of sustainable development

Figure 4.5. Patents in environmental-related technologies, developing economies

Table 4.2. Sustainable development initiatives, selected developing economies, 2012

Monitoring implementation and evaluating impact

Box 4.8. Evaluating industrial policy: Methodological challenges and country experiences

Chapter 5. Upgrading skills for current and future needs

Why investing in skills matters

Box 5.1. Education and skills are not synonymous

Figure 5.1. Education index and GDP per capita, 2010

Figure 5.2. Skills and economic growth: Transmission channels

Box 5.2. Education and technology development

Figure 5.3. Education and technology development

Box 5.3. Industrial organisation and global value chains

Figure 5.4. Global value chains and specialised professional skills.

How skills mismatches affect developing countries.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9789264194397

9264194398

OCLC:

855505016