Fundamental Methods of Logic

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Knachel, Matthew, author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Humanities--Textbooks.

Humanities.

Philosophy--Textbooks.

Philosophy.

Physical Description:

1 online resource

Place of Publication:

[Place of publication not identified] A.T. Still University [2017]

Language Note:

In English.

Summary:

Fundamental Methods of Logic is suitable for a one-semester introduction to logic/critical reasoning course. It covers a variety of topics at an introductory level. Chapter One introduces basic notions, such as arguments and explanations, validity and soundness, deductive and inductive reasoning; it also covers basic analytical techniques, such as distinguishing premises from conclusions and diagramming arguments. Chapter Two discusses informal logical fallacies. Chapters Three and Four concern deductive logic, introducing the basics of Aristotelian and Sentential Logic, respectively. Chapter Five deals with analogical and causal reasoning, including a discussion of Mill's Methods. Chapter Six covers basic probability calculations, Bayesian inference, fundamental statistical concepts and techniques, and common statistical fallacies.

Contents:

Chapter 1 - The Basics of Logical Analysis

I. What is Logic?

II. Basic Notions: Propositions and Arguments

III. Recognizing and Explicating Arguments

IV. Deductive and Inductive Arguments

V. Diagramming Arguments

Chapter 2 - Informal Logical Fallacies

I. Logical Fallacies: Formal and Informal

II. Fallacies of Distraction

III. Fallacies of Weak Induction

IV. Fallacies of Illicit Presumption

V. Fallacies of Linguistic Emphasis

Chapter 3 – Deductive Logic I: Aristotelian Logic

I. Deductive Logics

II. Classes and Categorical Propositions

III. The Square of Opposition

IV. Operations on Categorical Sentences

V. Problems with the Square of Opposition

VI. Categorical Syllogisms

Chapter 4 – Deductive Logic II: Sentential Logic

I. Why Another Deductive Logic?

II. Syntax of SL

III. Semantics of SL

IV. Translating from English into SL

V. Testing for Validity in SL

Chapter 5 – Inductive Logic I: Analogical and Causal Arguments

I. Inductive Logics

II. Arguments from Analogy

III. Causal Reasoning

Chapter 6 – Inductive Logic II: Probability and Statistics

I. The Probability Calculus

II. Probability and Decision-Making: Value and Utility

III. Probability and Belief: Bayesian Reasoning

IV. Basic Statistical Concepts and Techniques

V. How to Lie with Statistics

Notes:

Description based on print resource