Catalyst Deactivation Due to Glaze Formation from Oil-Derived Phosphorus and Zinc Research Staff, Ford Motor Company

Format:

Conference/Event

Author/Creator:

Williamson, W. B., author.

Conference Name:

1984 SAE International Fall Fuels and Lubricants Meeting and Exhibition (1984-10-08 : Baltimore, Maryland, United States)

Language:

English

Physical Description:

1 online resource

Place of Publication:

Warrendale, PA SAE International 1984

Summary:

The deactivation of automotive catalysts by engine oil-derived components of phosphorus and zinc can occur by the formation of an amorphous zinc pyrophosphate (Zn2P2O7) that is impervious to gas diffusion. The catalyst poison, derived from antiwear oil additive zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDP) in low-temperature exhaust environments, appears as glassy, amorphous deposits on catalysts as shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Laboratory studies were performed to understand the effects of exhaust stoichiometry, temperature, rate of oil burn, and chemical form of P and Zn compounds on glaze formation. The formation of the amorphous deposits using a laboratory pulsator apparatus showed that noncombusted ZDP causes the glaze formation. Electron microprobe studies indicated the association of P with Zn on precious metal films exposed to ZDP combustion products. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) confirmed a similar P to Zn correspondence on the vehicle-aged catalysts. Once formed, the amorphous zinc pyrophosphate glaze could only be removed under high-temperature, reducing conditions which sintered the catalyst with no significant improvement in activity. Guidelines are presented for exhaust temperatures necessary for catalyst operation and prevention of catalyst deactivation by the formation of Zn pyrophosphate glaze

Notes:

Vendor supplied data

Publisher Number:

841406

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license