Characterization of Internal Diesel Injector Deposits (IDIDs) from heavy-duty vehicles Scania CV AB

Format:

Book

Conference/Event

Author/Creator:

Pach, Mayte, author.

Contributor:

Bernemyr, Hanna

Cronhjort, Andreas

Hittig, Henrik

Conference Name:

15th International Conference on Engines & Vehicles (2021-09-12 : Capri, Italy)

Language:

English

Physical Description:

1 online resource cm

Place of Publication:

Warrendale, PA SAE International 2021

Summary:

Sustainable fuels can help to decrease the carbon dioxide emissions compared to standard fossil fuels in the road transportation. Most common sustainable fuels used today in heavy-duty application are biodiesel and hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO). Biodiesel and HVO are known as drop-in fuels since they are fuels that can be blended with standard diesel. However, due to changes in the chemical properties when the fuels are mixed, solubility problems as precipitants may be found. The insolubilities are also called soft particles. The formation of soft particles leads to driveability problems in the engine and deposits in the fuel system i. e. fuel filters and injectors. Further, the soft particles formed in the injectors are identified as Internal Diesel Injector Deposits (IDID). This study is a part of a project where the goal is to study the process causing the formation of the IDIDs in heavy-duty vehicles. In future studies, the aim is to reproduce in a laboratory environment a test fuel containing soft particles in order to investigate the mechanism behind the IDIDs using a custom-built injector rig. In this paper, the collection and characterization of typical IDIDs that are found in the injectors from heavy duty vehicles are studied. The injector deposits were gathered from two different European markets. IDIDs from injectors using biodiesel fuel from one market and HVO from other market were included. An innovative technique to sampling in GC-MS using Pyrolysis is used to study IDIDS. The advantage of this technique is that a very small amount of sample is needed, and it provides a useful tool to better understand the composition of the deposit on a detailed level. FTIR and SEM-EDX methods were also included. The results showed that the composition of the IDIDs differed significantly. Metal soaps, inorganic salts and nitrogen compounds from the injector deposits were found using biodiesel. The source of these components is believed to be degradation and contamination of the biodiesel. Moreover, the deposits from the HVO market were mainly composed of fuel additives

Notes:

Vendor supplied data

Publisher Number:

2021-24-0062

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license