Biomechanics of Passenger Vehicle Underride: An Analysis of IIHS Crash Test Data Vollmer-Gray Engineering Laboratories

Format:

Book

Conference/Event

Author/Creator:

Atarod, Mohammad, author.

Conference Name:

WCX SAE World Congress Experience (2020-04-21 : Detroit, Michigan, United States)

Language:

English

Physical Description:

1 online resource cm

Place of Publication:

Warrendale, PA SAE International 2020

Summary:

Occupant dynamics during passenger vehicle underride has not been widely evaluated. The present study examined the occupant data from IIHS rear underride crash tests. A total of 35 crash tests were evaluated. The tests were classified as full-width (n=9), 50% overlap (n=11), and 30% overlap (n=15). A 2010 Chevrolet Malibu impacted the rear underride guard of a stationary trailer at 35 mph. The trailer was filled with concrete blocks and attached to a 2001 Kenworth tractor. Several occupant kinematics and dynamics data including head accelerations, head injury criteria, neck shear and axial forces, neck moments, neck indices, chest acceleration, chest displacement, chest viscous criterion, sternum deflection rate, and left/right femur forces/impulses, knee displacements, upper/lower tibia moments, upper/lower tibia indices, tibia axial forces, and foot accelerations were measured. The vehicle accelerations, vehicle delta-Vs, and occupant compartment intrusions were also evaluated during these crash tests. The results indicated that the head and neck injury parameters were correlated with driver A-pillar rearward intrusion. The 30% overlap crashes showed significantly higher intrusion and head and neck injury values than the 50% and full-width crashes. At intrusion levels beyond 88 cm, all head and neck injury parameters exceeded the published IARV tolerances. No relationship between head and neck injury parameters and vehicle delta-V or acceleration was observed. None of the chest injury criteria exceeded the chest IARV tolerances in the crash tests examined. No relationship between chest injury parameters and vehicle delta-V, acceleration or driver A-pillar rearward intrusion was observed. No relationship was found between left/right leg (id est femur, knee, tibia, foot) injury parameters and vehicle delta-V, acceleration or driver A-pillar rearward intrusion. Only for two crash tests, the "left upper tibia A-P moment", "left upper tibia resultant moment" and "left upper tibia index" exceeded the IARV tolerances. This study suggested that in underride crashes there is a higher chance of head/neck injuries than other body regions. Also, the delta-V alone is not a good predictor of occupant injuries in underride crashes and additional parameters such as percent overlap and occupant compartment intrusion should also be taken into consideration when analyzing the biomechanics of underride

Notes:

Vendor supplied data

Publisher Number:

2020-01-0525

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license