1 option
Comparative Manufacturing and Ownership Cost Estimates for Secondary Loop Mobile Air Conditioning Systems (SL-MACs) Inst. for Governance and Sust. Development
- Format:
- Conference/Event
- Author/Creator:
- Andersen, Andersen, author.
- Conference Name:
- WCX 17: SAE World Congress Experience (2017-04-04 : Detroit, Michigan, United States)
- Language:
- English
- Physical Description:
- 1 online resource
- Place of Publication:
- Warrendale, PA SAE International 2017
- Summary:
- AbstractThis paper quantifies and compares the cooling performance and refrigerant and fuel cost savings to automobile manufacturers and owners of secondary-loop mobile air conditioners (SL-MACs) using refrigerants hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)-134a and the available alternatives HFC-152a and HFO-1234yf. HFC-152a and HFO-1234yf are approved for use by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and satisfy the requirements of the European Union (EU) F-Gas Regulations. HFC-152a is inherently more energy efficient than HFC-134a and HFO-1234yf and in SL-MAC systems can generate cooling during deceleration, prolong comfort during idle stop (stop/start), and allow powered cooling at times when the engine can supply additional power with the lowest incremental fuel use. SL-MAC systems can also reduce the refrigerant charge, emissions, and service costs of HFO-1234yf. The paper is informed by previous studies of secondary loop systems and an ongoing demonstration of SL-MACs designed for India where there are long hot and humid cooling seasons, relatively expensive fuel, and highly congested driving as well as uncrowded open-road driving. That demonstration determines a baseline for the cooling performance and energy efficiency of HFC-134a and tests the same parameters for HFO-1234yf and HFC-152a. The paper includes a detailed analysis of the life cycle environmental impacts of secondary loop versus direct expansion systems and a comparison of the eligible refrigerants, as well as a description of some of the most important international regulations affecting mobile air conditioning refrigerant choices
- Notes:
- Vendor supplied data
- Publisher Number:
- 2017-01-0173
- Access Restriction:
- Restricted for use by site license
The Penn Libraries is committed to describing library materials using current, accurate, and responsible language. If you discover outdated or inaccurate language, please fill out this feedback form to report it and suggest alternative language.