Influence of Different Natural Gas Compositions on the Regulated Emissions, Aldehydes, and Particle Emissions from a Transit Bus University of California, Riverside

Format:

Conference/Event

Author/Creator:

Karavalakis, Karavalakis, author.

Contributor:

Durbin, Thomas

Gysel, Nicholas

Hajbabaei, Maryam

Johnson, Kent

Miller, Wayne

Conference Name:

SAE 2013 World Congress & Exhibition (2013-04-16 : Detroit, Michigan, United States)

Language:

English

Physical Description:

1 online resource

Place of Publication:

Warrendale, PA SAE International 2013

Summary:

Urban air quality in California can have a large impact on thestate's economy, natural and managed ecosystems, and humanhealth and mortality. The use of alternative, low-carbon fuels isconsidered to be an effective measure to meet strict emissionsregulations of particulate matter (PM) and oxides of nitrogen(NOx). Natural gas may be a potential alternative toconventional liquid fuels for use in automotive internal combustionengines, and can be used in fulfilling these requirements.The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact ofvarying natural gas composition on the exhaust emissions from atransit bus equipped with a 2003 Cummins C Gas Plus, lean-burn,spark-ignited natural gas engine and an oxidation catalyst whileoperating on the Central Business District (CBD) cycle on a chassisdynamometer. The vehicle was tested on five different fuel gasblends with varying compositions of light hydrocarbon species andinerts, resulting in different properties in terms of methanenumber (a measure of fuel knock resistance) and Wobbe number (ameasure of fuel interchangeability). For this study, emissions ofNOx, total hydrocarbons (THC), nonmethane hydrocarbons(NMHC), methane (CH₄), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂)emissions, and PM, as well as fuel economy were measured. Theunregulated exhaust emissions were characterized by determiningformaldehyde, acetaldehyde, ammonia, and total concentration andsizing of ultrafine particles. The results showed that natural gascomposition had a strong influence on a number of emissioncomponents. Blends with higher methane contents showed lowerNOx, CO, and NMHC, but higher THC, CH₄, and formaldehydeemissions. PM, CO₂, and NH₃ emissions and energy equivalent fueleconomy did not show consistent trends between the fuelstested

Notes:

Vendor supplied data

Publisher Number:

2013-01-1137

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license