Criteria Emissions, Particle Number Emissions, Size Distributions, and Black Carbon Measurements from PFI Gasoline Vehicles Fuelled with Different Ethanol and Butanol Blends Univeristy of California, Riverside

Format:

Conference/Event

Author/Creator:

Karavalakis, Karavalakis, author.

Contributor:

Asa-Awuku, Akua

Durbin, Thomas

Hajbabaei, Maryam

Russell, Robert

Short, Daniel

Villela, Mark

Vu, Diep

Conference Name:

SAE 2013 World Congress & Exhibition (2013-04-16 : Detroit, Michigan, United States)

Language:

English

Physical Description:

1 online resource

Place of Publication:

Warrendale, PA SAE International 2013

Summary:

The introduction of biofuels is seen as a very important measureto reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases from the transportsector. Currently, ethanol is the most widely used renewable fuelfor transportation in the US and with the push to use increasinglyhigher levels of renewable fuels, there has been an accompanyingpush to further increase the ethanol level in gasoline. In additionto ethanol, butanol, an alcohol which can be produced from biomasssources, has recently received more attention as an alternative togasoline for use in spark ignition (SI) engines.For this study, two 2007 model year and one 2012 model yearlight-duty vehicles equipped with a three-way catalyst (TWC) wereemployed. For the 2007 model year vehicles, emissions and fueleconomy measurements were made for E10 (reference fuel), E15, E20,and B16 fuels. The latter corresponds to a blend of gasoline and16% of butanol, which is the equivalent of E10 in terms of oxygencontent. For the 2012 passenger car, in addition to E10, E15, E20,and B16, emissions and fuel economy tests were also made forE10/B8. The alcohol mixture of E10/B8 is equivalent of E15 in termsof oxygen content. Emissions measurements were performed over theFederal Test Procedure (FTP) and the California Unified Cycle (UC)test cycles for each vehicle/fuel combination on a chassisdynamometer. Emissions included nitrogen oxides (NOx),carbon monoxide (CO), total hydrocarbons (THC), non-methanehydrocarbons (NMHC), methane (CH₄), and carbon dioxide (CO₂).Additionally, carbonyl compounds were also quantified in theexhaust for all vehicle/fuel combinations over the FTP cycle.Particle size and number were measured with a scanning mobilityparticle sizer (SMPS) in tandem with a condensation particlecounter (CPC). The concentration of black carbon was also measuredwith a Multi-Angle Absorption Photometer (MAAP)

Notes:

Vendor supplied data

Publisher Number:

2013-01-1147

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license