Study of Regulated and Non-Regulated Emissions from Combustion of Gasoline, Alcohol Fuels and their Blends in a DI-SI Engine Argonne National Laboratory

Format:

Conference/Event

Author/Creator:

Wallner, Wallner, author.

Contributor:

Frazee, Richard

Conference Name:

International Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting (2010-05-05 : Rio De Janeiro, Brazil)

Language:

English

Physical Description:

1 online resource

Place of Publication:

Warrendale, PA SAE International 2010

Summary:

Alternative fuels for internal combustion engines have been thesubject of numerous studies. The new U.S. Renewable Fuel Standardhas made it a requirement to increase the production of ethanol andadvanced biofuels to 36 billion gallons by 2022. Because corn-basedethanol will be capped at 15 billion gallons, 21 billion gallonsmust come from the advanced biofuels category. A potential sourceto fill the gap may be butanol and its isomers as they possess fuelproperties superior to ethanol. Recently, concerns have been raisedabout emission of currently non-regulated constituents, aldehydesin particular, from alcohol-based fuels.In an effort to assess the relative impact of the U.S. RenewableFuel Standards on emissions from a modern gasoline engine, bothregulated and non-regulated gas constituents were measured from thecombustion of three different alcohol isomers in a moderndirect-injected (DI) spark ignition (SI) gasoline engine. Exhaustgas recirculation (EGR) was disabled to avoid changes in emissionsdue to slight changes in EGR ratio, thereby allowing directcomparison of the emissions results. A standard emissions bench incombination with a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analyzer wasused to characterize the exhaust stream before catalyst in gasolineoperation as well as operation using several gasoline/alcoholblends. Ethanol, n-butanol and iso-butanol were used as blendingagents. Relevant exhaust constituents were measured as a functionof blend ratio for several engine load and speed conditions.Oxides of nitrogen emissions decreased with increased alcoholcontent while formaldehyde and acetaldehyde show a clear, positivecorrelation with blend ratio. Although an apparent reduction inaromatic hydrocarbon emissions was observed with increased alcoholcontent, this was likely caused in large part by dilution ofaromatics (high volume percent in gasoline) in the fuel blendrather than changes in the fuel chemistry due to combustion.Examination of the major precursors (propene, 1,3-butadiene, andacetylene) to benzene, and therefore particulate matter (PM),revealed significant increases consistent with iso-butanolemissions poised to produce benzene via the C₃/C₃ route, whereasn-butanol emissions appeared primed to proceed through the C₄/C₂route

Notes:

Vendor supplied data

Publisher Number:

2010-01-1571

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license