The Influence of Ethanol Blends on Particulate Matter Emissions from Gasoline Direct Injection Engines University of Oxford

Format:

Conference/Event

Author/Creator:

Chen, Chen, author.

Contributor:

Braisher, Mike

Crossley, Alison

Richardson, Dave

Stone, Richard

Conference Name:

SAE 2010 World Congress & Exhibition (2010-04-13 : Detroit, Michigan, United States)

Language:

English

Physical Description:

1 online resource

Place of Publication:

Warrendale, PA SAE International 2010

Summary:

Particulate Matter (PM) legislation for gasoline engines and theintroduction of gasoline/ethanol blends, make it important to knowthe effect of fuel composition on PM emissions. Tests have beenconducted with fuels of known composition in both a single-cylinderengine and V8 engine with a three-way catalyst. The V8 engine usedan unleaded gasoline (PURA) with known composition and distillationcharacteristics as a base fuel and with 10% by volume ethanol. Thesingle-cylinder engine used a 65% iso-octane - 35% toluene mixtureas its base fuel. The engines had essentially the same combustionsystem, with a centrally mounted 6-hole spray-guided directinjection system. Particle size distributions were recorded andthese have also been converted to mass distributions. Filtersamples were taken for thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) to givecomposition information.Both engines were operated at 1500 rpm under part load. Thetests with the single-cylinder engine used lambda of 0.9, 1.0 and1.1 with an ignition timing sweep of 15-45° bTDC. The trends withthe stoichiometric and weak mixtures were less clear (the PMemissions being at low levels), but with lambda of 0.9 the trendswere clear. For the rich mixture, advancing the ignition timingincreased both PM number and mass emissions, and the use of E10reduced the number emissions by a factor of 25-65 and the massemissions by a factor of 2-10.The V8 tests were at stoichiometric with injection timing sweepsduring induction (120 to 360° bTDC), with a reduction in both PMnumber and mass due to reactions in the catalyst. The earlierinjection gave lower PM emissions and this was attributed to therebeing more time for mixture preparation, leading to a morehomogeneous mixture. The addition of 10% ethanol led to an increasein PM emissions (both in terms of mass and number)

Notes:

Vendor supplied data

Publisher Number:

2010-01-0793

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license