Transient Modeling and PID-Controlled Nanofluid Cooling for Enhanced Thermal Management in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Shanghai Institute of Technology

Format:

Book

Conference/Event

Author/Creator:

Zhang, Xiaoliang, author.

Contributor:

Deng, Yikang

Luo, Shengfeng

Wang, Qi

Zhao, Yanli

Conference Name:

SAE 2025 International Conference on Battery Safety and Reliability (2025-10-23 : Shanghai, China)

Language:

English

Physical Description:

1 online resource cm

Place of Publication:

Warrendale, PA SAE International 2026

Summary:

Appropriate thermal management system is important for the lifespan and safety of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). A comprehensive thermal management system for PEMFC was proposed through finite element model (FEM), control optimization and nanofluid cooling. An 0D-3D coupled thermal model for energy balance and local temperature field analysis was established. By coupling internal heat transfer dynamics with Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control logic, the optimal parameter combination was determined as Kp=-1 m/(sK), Ki=-0.1 m/(s2K) and Kd=0 (m/K). Additionally, the nanofluid coolant revealed a concentration-dependent trade-off between enhanced thermal performance and decreased flow performance. In the range of 0-15% of the nanofluid concentration, the Reynolds number and pressure drop increase with the increase of the concentration of the nanofluid, while in the range of 16-20%, the Reynolds number decreases with the increase of the concentration of the nanofluid, except when the Newton concentration is 0%. This shows that there is a nonlinear relationship between nanoparticle load and hydrodynamic behaviour, and optimisation must be carefully considered when designing a cooling system in real life

Notes:

Vendor supplied data

Publisher Number:

2026-01-7030

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license