Retinoic Acids in Cancer Therapy : Mechanisms of Sensitivity, Resistance, and Methods of Delivery.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Ghavami, Saeid.

Series:

Cancer Sensitizing Agents for Chemotherapy Series

Cancer Sensitizing Agents for Chemotherapy Series ; v.Volume 23

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Retinoids.

Cancer--Chemotherapy.

Cancer.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (409 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Chantilly : Elsevier Science & Technology, 2026.

Summary:

Retinoic Acids in Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms of Sensitivity, Resistance, and Methods of Delivery provides an overview of how All-Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) kills cancer cells and how some cells survive treatment.

Contents:

Front Cover

Cancer Sensitizing Agents for Chemotherapy

Copyright Page

Cover Image Legend

Aims and Scope for Series "Cancer Sensitizing Agents for Chemotherapy

About the Series Editor

Aims and Scope of the Volume

About the Volume Editors

Preface

Contents

List of contributors

1 Molecular structure and biological properties of all-trans retinoic acid

Abbreviations

Conflict of interest

Introduction

Molecular structure of all-trans retinoic acid

Chemical structure

Functional groups

Structural isomerism and stability

Physicochemical properties

Chemical derivatives

Biological properties of all-trans retinoic acid

Interaction with nuclear receptors

Role in cellular differentiation

Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects

Effects on the immune system

Regulation of angiogenesis

All-trans retinoic acid in skin regeneration and dermatology

Clinical trials on all-trans retinoic acid and its derivatives

Conclusion and further perspective

What has been learned

Acknowledgments

References

2 Emerging frontiers in drug development of all-trans retinoic acid and its derivatives

Structure and classification of all-trans retinoic acid derivatives

Classification

Methods for structural modifications of all-trans retinoic acids

In silico approaches to creating new all-trans retinoic acids

Computational modeling of all-trans retinoic acid activity

Metabolic pathway prediction and enzyme targeting

Retinoic acid metabolism-blocking agents

Advanced derivatives and next-generation retinoids

Ethical and practical advantages of in silico methods

Case studies illustrating in silico success

Prospects for all-trans retinoic acid-based therapeutics

Enhancing receptor isoform selectivity.

Dual-function therapeutic strategies

Novel drug delivery systems: nanocarriers and prodrugs

Combination therapies with immunotherapy and targeted agents

Addressing regulatory and safety challenges

Conclusion

What we have learned

Acknowledgment

Author contributions

3 Cellular and molecular determinants of all trans retinoic acid sensitivity in different cancers

Role of retinoic acid receptors and retinoid X receptors in all-trans retinoic acid sensitivity

Cellular determinants of all-trans retinoic acid sensitivity

Molecular pathways modulating all-trans retinoic acid sensitivity

Resistance mechanisms and combination of all-trans retinoic acid with other anticancer agents

Applications of all-trans retinoic acid in cancer therapy-preclinical and clinical evidence

Acute myeloid leukemia

Gastric cancer

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Ovarian cancer

Melanoma

Mechanistic insights linking bench to bedside

Conclusions and future directions

Contribution

4 Apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response and their impact on all-trans retinoic acid-induced toxicity in cancer cells

Genomic and nongenomic pathways

All-trans retinoic acid and cellular stress responses

Autophagy

Apoptosis

Unfolded protein response

Rationale for studying stress-response pathways in all-trans retinoic acid-treated cancer cells

Fate of all-trans retinoic acid-exposed cells

Apoptosis in all-trans retinoic acid-induced toxicity

All-trans retinoic acid and apoptosis interplay

RAR cross talk with apoptotic pathways

All-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia versus solid tumors

Apoptosis resistance mechanisms.

Autophagy modulation in all-trans retinoic acid cytotoxicity

Role of autophagy in cell survival versus cell death under all-trans retinoic acid treatment

All-trans retinoic acid's dual role: pro-survival in some cancers and pro-death in others

All-trans retinoic acid-induced changes in autophagic flux

Crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis

Role of beclin-1 in switching autophagy from survival to cell death

Caspase-mediated cleavage of ATG proteins in all-trans retinoic acid-induced apoptosis

Implications of autophagy in therapy resistance

Unfolded protein response and ER stress in all-trans retinoic acid-induced toxicity

Unfolded protein response as a response to all-trans retinoic acid-induced ER stress

Key unfolded protein response pathways in all-trans retinoic acid cytotoxicity

PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 signaling

IRE1-XBP1 activation

ATF6-mediated transcriptional changes

Unfolded protein response-driven apoptosis in all-trans retinoic acid treatment

CHOP-mediated apoptosis induction

Caspase-12 activation

Links between unfolded protein response, autophagy, and apoptosis in all-trans retinoic acid-treated cancer cells

Implications for therapeutic targeting

Synergistic effects of apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response in all-trans retinoic acid therapy

Modulating synergy through targeted combinations

Implications for rational design of all-trans retinoic acid-based therapies

What we learned

Author contributions (CRediT)

5 Mechanisms of resistance to all-trans retinoic acid and use of multi-target-directed ligand to fight against resistance

Polypharmacology in drug resistance

Designing multi-target-directed ligands

Examples of successful multi-target-directed ligands strategies.

All-trans retinoic acid resistance mechanisms

Multi-target-directed ligand approach to target all-trans retinoic acid resistance mechanisms

Future directions

6 Nanocarrier systems for targeted delivery of all-trans retinoic acid: design and mechanisms

Types of nanocarrier for all-trans retinoic acid delivery

Lipid-based nanocarriers

Mechanisms of action

Polymeric nanocarriers

Inorganic nanocarriers

Challenges and future direction

7 Advanced delivery systems for all-trans retinoic acid: challenges and opportunities in pharmacokinetics and bioavailability

Methods

Nanotechnologies as advanced delivery systems for all-trans retinoic acid

Organic nanoparticles

Liposomes

Solid-matrix lipid nanoparticles

Polymeric nanoparticles

Micelles

Multilayer nanoparticles

Nanodrugs

Inorganic nanoparticles

Hybrid nanoparticles

Extracellular vesicles

Multimodal approaches

Challenges remaining

8 Mechanisms of sensitivity, resistance, and methods of delivery

All-trans retinoic acid as a metabolite of vitamin A

Clinical applications of all-trans retinoic acid in cancer therapy

Cancer stem cells: the hidden architects of tumor development

Cancer stem cells: what they are, how to identify, and how to target them?

Definition of cancer stem cells and their evaluation

Characterization of cancer stem cells

Targeting cancer stem cells in cancer therapy.

Mechanisms of all-trans retinoic acid's action on cancer stem cells

Molecular basis of all-trans retinoic acid signaling

Regulation of cancer stem cell markers

Regulation of cancer stem cells' signaling pathways

Immune modulation by all-trans retinoic acid

All-trans retinoic acid treatment and cancer stem cells: sensitivity and resistance

All-trans retinoic acid and mechanisms of sensitivity in cancer stem cells

All-trans retinoic acid and mechanisms of resistance in cancer stem cells

Enhancing cancer stem cell targeting through all-trans retinoic acid-based combination therapies

Overview of all-trans retinoic acid delivery methods targeting cancer stem cells

Challenges associated with all-trans retinoic acid delivery and stability

Chemical instability and rapid metabolism of all-trans retinoic acid

The mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer stem cells

Poor solubility and bioavailability of all-trans retinoic acid

Tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cell niches

Overview of innovative delivery systems

Liposomal delivery systems

Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers

Stimuli-responsive delivery systems

Exosome-based delivery

Targeted nanocarriers

Advantages and limitations of various delivery methods

Preclinical and clinical studies

Future perspective

Declaration of AI-assisted writing

9 Efficiency of all-trans retinoic acid on gastric cancer

Introduction to gastric cancer

Epidemiology of gastric cancer

Risk factors for gastric cancer

Implications and future directions

Potential clinical trial designs and future combinations with immunotherapies or epigenetic regulators.

Artificial intelligence or omics-based approaches to personalize maximum tolerated dose therapy in gastric cancer.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Part of the metadata in this record was created by AI, based on the text of the resource.

ISBN:

0-443-22304-1

9780443223044

OCLC:

1581077578