Elgar encyclopedia of political representation / edited by André Freire (former professor of political science, University of Lisbon, Portugal), Eva H. Önnudóttir (professor of political science, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland), Andrea Pedrazzani (associate professor of political sociology, University of Milan, Italy) and Hermann Schmitt (emeritus professor of electoral politics, University of Manchester, UK).

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Freire, André, editor.

Eva H. Önnudóttir, editor.

Pedrazzani, Andrea, editor.

Schmitt, Hermann, editor.

Edward Elgar Publishing, publisher.

Series:

Elgar encyclopedias in the social sciences

Elgar encyclopedias in the social sciences series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Representative government and representation--Encyclopedias.

Representative government and representation.

Genre:

Electronic books.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (842 pages)

Place of Publication:

Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 2026.

Summary:

This authoritative Encyclopedia provides a comprehensive overview of political representation, with a particular emphasis on contemporary liberal democratic regimes. Presenting concise entries authored by leading scholars, this Encyclopedia traces the historical origins of political representation, exploring key thinkers, pivotal studies, and significant theoretical developments that have shaped modern understanding of this topic. The Encyclopedia examines the institutional mechanisms that influence political representation, covering electoral systems, party structures, and party systems. It also addresses pressing contemporary challenges such as increasing inequalities, the spread of fake news, the rise of right-wing populism, and the double exit of both citizens and parties from the electoral arena. The Elgar Encyclopedia of Political Representation is a vital resource for scholars and students of politics and public policy, particularly those studying international politics, constitutions studies, leadership studies, public administration and management, and political theory. Key Features: ; Analyses the findings of a number of landmark studies in the field ; Examines political representation at a national and international level ; Includes over 150 entries by expert contributors from Europe and the Americas ; Features descriptive and technical entries, as well as analytical and reflective insights.

Contents:

Contents: Introduction: Political representation in modern liberal and democratic regimes: From its origins to its current strains and major challenges

Part I: Historical and philosophical roots of modern political representation

1. The American revolution (1776) and modern liberal representative government / José Gomes André

2. Carl Schmitt and the criticism of liberal parliamentary representation / Alessandra Maia and Bernardo Ferreira

3. Democracy in ancient Athens: The idea of popular self-government / Alberto Esu

4. Edmund Burke and the idea of trustee representation / Alessandra Maia and Paulo d'Avila

5. Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès and the representation of the Tiers État / Alessandra Maia and André Magnelli

6. The English Revolution and modern political representation / Markku Peltonen

7. The Federalist Papers and the delegate vision of representation / Alessandra Maia

8. The Federalist Papers and the idea of federalism / Alessandra Maia and Mayra Silva

9. The Federalist Papers and the idea of limitation of the power of majorities / Alessandra Maia and Mayra Silva

10. The French Revolution (1789) and modern liberal representative government / José Gomes André

11. The Italian republics and the oligarchical representative government / Newton Bignotto

12. Jean-Jacques Rousseau and his critical vision of representation / Alessandra Maia and André Magnelli

13. John Locke and the idea of government by consent / Alessandra Maia and Vladimyr Jorge

14. Liberal democratic regimes and political representation / Alexandros Kabbathas and Wolfgang Merkel

15. Medieval forms of political representation / Carol Symes

16. Montesquieu and the separation of powers / Alessandra Maia and André Magnelli

17. Political representation in dictatorships / Filipa Raimundo

18. The Roman republican system and representative government / Heather E. Duncan

19. Thomas Hobbes and the idea of representation as authorization / Alessandra Maia and André Magnelli

Part II: Classical and outstanding modern representation studies

20. The concept of representation (1967), by Hanna Pitkin / Paolo Segatti

21. Constituency influence in congress (1963), by Warren Miller and Donald Stokes / Hermann Schmitt

22. Democracy and its critics (1989), by Robert A. Dahl / Svend-Erik Skaaning and Palle Svensson

23. Electoral systems and party systems: A study of twenty-seven democracies, 1945-1990 (1994), by Arend Lijphart / André Freire

24. The end of representative politics (2015), by Simon Tormey / Cristiano Gianolla

25. Ideological representation: Achieved and astray. Elections, institutions, and the breakdown of ideological congruence in parliamentary democracies (2019), by G. Bingham Powell / Robin E. Best

26. Latin American party systems (2010), by Herbert Kitschelt, Kirk A. Hawkins, Juan Pablo Luna, Guillermo Rosas, and Elizabeth J. Zechmeister / Mélany Barragán

27. Les partis politiques (1951), by Maurice Duverger vis-à-vis the political consequences of electoral laws ([1967] 1971), by Douglas Rae / André Freire

28. Political recruitment: Gender, race and class in the British parliament (1995), by Pippa Norris and Joni Lovenduski / Sophia Kanaouti and Manina Kakepaki

29. Political representation and legitimacy in the European Union (1999), by Hermann Schmitt and Jacques Thomassen (editors) / Eva H. Önnudóttir

30. Political representation in France (1986), by Philip Converse and Roy Pierce / Nonna Mayer

31. Political representation in Southern Europe and Latin America. Before and after the Great Recession and the commodity crisis (2020), by André Freire, Mélany Barragán, Xavier Coller, Marco Lisi, and Emmanouil Tsatsanis (editors) / Andrea Pedrazzani

32. The politics of presence (1998), by Anne Philips / Maro Pantelidou Maloutas

33. Post-communist party systems: Competition, representation, and inter-party cooperation (1999), by Herbert Kitschelt, Zdenka Mansfeldova, Radoslaw Markowski, and Gábor Toka / Gabriella Ilonszki

34. The principles of representative government (1997), by Bernard Manin / Alessandra Maia

35. Representation from above: Members of parliament and representative democracy in Sweden (1996), by Peter Esaisson and Sören Holmberg / Eva H. Önnudóttir

36. Representative democracy: Principles and genealogy (2006), by Nadia Urbinati / Alessandra Maia

37. Rethinking representation (2003), by Jane Mansbridge / Andrea Pedrazzani

38. The strain of representation: How parties represent diverse voters in Western and Eastern Europe (2012), by Robert Rohrschneider and Stephen Whitefield / Pietro Michael Lepidi and Matthew Loveless

Part III: Conceptualisation and measurement of political representation in contemporary political science research

39. Collective representation before liberal representation / Paolo Ricci

40. Data sources for the study of political representation in Europe and North America / Paride Carrara and Luca Pinto

41. Data sources for the study of political representation in Latin America / Mélany Barragán

42. Descriptive representation: "standing for" approaches / Sophia Kanaouti and Manina Kakepaki

43. Dramaturgical approaches to political representation / Jean-Pascal Daloz

44. Dynamic political representation / Gauthier Fally and Christopher Wlezien

45. Elite recruitment / Bruno Marino

46. Elite theories / Pedro T. Magalhães and Pedro Tavares de Almeida

47. Ethnic representation / Francisco Javier Alarcón and Carmen Ortega

48. Gender representation / Ana Espírito-Santo

49. Ideology and policy congruence / Ana Maria Belchior and Filipe Pacheco da Silva

50. Interest representation / Manuel Meirinho Martins

51. Legal representation / José Luís Jacinto

52. The mandate vs. Independence controversy / Stefano Camatarri

53. Measurement issues in studies of congruence and responsiveness / Benjamin Ferland

54. Measuring ideological and policy congruence / Ana Maria Belchior and Filipe Pacheco da Silva

55. Political elites / Xavier Coller

56. Political representation under affective and ideological polarization / Pedro Riera and Luana Russo

57. The principal-agent model of political representation / Alessandra Maia and Paulo d'Avila

58. Representation as accountability: Formalistic views / Pedro Moreira da Fonseca

59. Representation as authorization: Formalistic views / Manuel Meirinho Martins

60. Representation as delegation: The imperative mandate / Pedro Moreira da Fonseca

61. The responsible party model / Anika Gauja and Karina Kosiara-Pedersen

62. Responsiveness / Vera Beloshitzkaya and Zoe Lefkofridi

63. Social disproportion Index / Xavier Coller

64. Social movements and representation / Guya Accornero and Tiago Carvalho

65. Symbolic representation: "standing for" approaches / Manuel Meirinho Martins

66. Trustee representation: "acting for" approaches / Manuel Meirinho Martins and João Santos

Part IV: Electoral institutions, parties, party systems, and political representation

67. Assembly size / Pedro Riera and Luis Azores

68. Candidate selection and political representation / Alona O. Dolinsky and Gideon Rahat

69. The cartel party and the 'agent of the state' model of representation / Ingrid van Biezen

70. The catch-all party and the entrepreneur model of representation / Ingrid van Biezen

71. Constituency service / Fátima Recuero and Carmen Ortega

72. Data sources for the study of electoral systems / Carmen Ortega and José Manuel Trujillo

73. Data sources for the study of parties and party systems / Vincenzo Emanuele and Bruno Marino

74. The declining social rooting of political parties and its consequences for political representation / Davide Angelucci

75. Direct and participatory democracies / Leonardo Avritzer and Priscila Zanandrez

76. District boundaries / Sergio Pérez Castaños and Carmen Ortega

77. District magnitude / Carmen Ortega and Giselle García-Hípola

78. Effective and legal thresholds / Alberto Penadés and Pedro Riera

79. Electoral districts / Carmen Ortega and Giselle García-Hípola

80. Electoral institutions and collective vs. Individualistic/personalised representation / Juan Montabes, Carmen Ortega and José Carlos Hernández-Gutiérrez

81.

Electoral institutions and ideological and policy congruence / Pola Lehmann

82. Electoral lists / Carmen Ortega, Juan Montabes and José Carlos Hernández-Gutiérrez

83. Electoral system families / Jean-Benoit Pilet

84. Electoral systems, party systems and political representation in Africa / Edalina Rodrigues Sanches

85. Electoral systems, party systems, and political representation in asia / Diego Fossati

86. Electoral systems, party systems, and political representation in Central and Eastern Europe / Sergiu Gherghina

87. Electoral systems, party systems, and political representation in Latin America / Mélany Barragán and Aldo.

Martínez Hernández

88. Electoral systems, party systems, and political representation in North America / Valere Gaspard and Benjamin Ferland

89. Electoral systems, party systems and political representation in Western Europe / Marco Lisi

90. The elite party and the trustee model of representation / Ingrid van Biezen

91. Ethnic quotas / Carmen Ortega and Francisco Javier Alarcón

92. Evolution of the right to vote / Manuel Loff and Sergio Maia

93. The focus of representation / Federico Russo

94. Gender quotas / Pamela Pansardi

95. Gerrymandering and redistricting / Daniel Adrião and André Freire

96. Governments as representative institutions / Patrícia Silva and Marina Costa Lobo

97. Indices of disproportionality / Pedro Riera and Alberto Penadés

98. Indices of party system fragmentation / Marco Lisi

99. Indices of polarization / Ruth Dassonneville and Juliette Leblanc

100. Lot: election by sort / Manuel Meirinho Martins

101. Malapportionment / Nicolás Izquierdo and Pedro Riera

102. The mass party and the delegate model of representation / Ingrid van Biezen

103. Mixed-member electoral systems: mixed-member proportional / Jean-Benoit Pilet and Fernando Feitosa

104. Mixed-member electoral systems: parallel systems / Jean-Benoit Pilet and Fernando Feitosa

105. MPs' roles / Luca Verzichelli

106. Multiple-tier electoral systems / Jean-Benoit Pilet and Fernando Feitosa

107. Parliaments as representative institutions / Olivier Rozenberg

108. Participatory budgeting / Leonardo Avritzer and Priscila Zanandrez

109. Party identification / Richard Johnston

110. Party manifestos and political representation / Daniela Braun and Giuseppe Carteny

111. Party pledges and pledge fulfillment / Ana Maria Belchior

112. Personal vote / Carmen Ortega and José Carlos Hernández-Gutiérrez

113. Polarization / Ruth Dassonneville and Juliette Leblanc

114. Political communication and political representation: social media / Tiago Brás and José Santana-Pereira

115. Political communication and political representation: traditional media / Susana Rogeiro Nina and José Santana-Pereira

116. Political parties as organizations / Emilie van Haute and Thomas Legein

117. Political parties: definitions / Emilie van Haute

118. Political parties in institutions / Caroline Close

119. Political parties: the party on the ground / Emilie van Haute

120. Political representation in presidential and semi-presidential systems / Rui Graça Feijó

121. Primaries / Indriði H. Indriðason and Gunnar Helgi Kristinsson

122. Referendums and political representation / Isabelle Stadelmann-Steffen

123. Single-tier electoral systems / Jean-Benoit Pilet and Fernando Feitosa

124. Social cleavages and political representation / Andreas C. Goldberg

125. Structure of the vote: categorical vs. ordinal / Carmen Ortega and Carlos José Aguilar García

126. Term limits / Noémie Jeanne Févrat

Part V: Current challenges for political representation: domestic level

127. Citizens' tolerance vis-à-vis authoritarian alternatives / David Pimenta, Lúcio Hanenberg, Hugo Ferrinho Lopes and Pedro Magalhães

128. Consequences of in/effective representation for system support / Christopher Wratil and Jens Wäckerle

129. Counter-democracy / Alessandra Maia

130. Defective democracies / Wolfgang Merkel

131. Disloyal oppositions (losers' consent) / Claudio Balderacchi

132. Fake news / Pedro Marques Ribeiro and José Santana-Pereira

133. Grand coalition politics at the domestic level / Thomas Bräuninger and Marc Debus

134. The Great Recession / Timothy Hellwig

135. Inequalities and political representation / Renato Miguel Carmo and Guya Accornero

136. Left-wing populism (the faded promises of) / Luke March

137. Non-majoritarian institutions at the domestic level: the rise of the unelected / Amal Sethi and Brian Christopher Jones

138. Parties in the digital era / Giulia Sandri

139. Political-economic collusion / Colin Crouch

140. Populist parties / Eirikur Bergmann

141. Post-democracy / Colin Crouch

142. Regime support / Hugo Ferrinho Lopes, Lúcio Hanenberg, David Pimenta and Pedro Magalhães

143. Right-wing populism / Eirikur Bergmann

Part VI: Current challenges for political representation: international level

144. Beijing Consensus / Francesco Gatti

145. Competitive vs. consensual government and political representation / Tom Louwerse and Rudy B. Andeweg

146. The COVID-19 pandemic / Kennet Lynggaard, Michael Kluth and Theofanis Exadaktylos

147. Environmental risks: climate change / Federica Genovese

148. The European Union and the democratic deficit / José Pedro Teixeira Fernandes and Maria Luísa Verdelho Alves

149. Globalization and the strains on political representation / Emmanouil Tsatsanis

150. The 'grand coalition' in the European Parliament - past, present and future / Amie Kreppel

151. Immigration and its challenges for national political systems / João Carvalho

152. Multilevel systems of governance / Simona Piattoni

153. Non-majoritarian institutions at the international level: the rise of the unelected / James Allan

154. Washington Consensus / Pao J. Engelbrecht

155. Winners and losers of globalization / Nicolò Conti.

Notes:

Includes index.

ISBN:

9781035324828 (e-book)

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license.