Mineral Magnetism / Andrew P. Roberts.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Roberts, Andrew P., author.

Language:

English

Physical Description:

1 online resource (564 pages) : digital, PDF file(s).

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2025.

Summary:

Knowledge of the magnetic properties of minerals is used in diverse research fields, including the Earth, planetary, environmental, biological, and materials sciences, and nanotechnology. This book is intended for advanced students, researchers and professionals working in these fields. Part I introduces readers to the essentials of mineralogy and, using high-school mathematics and physics, demonstrates how minerals record magnetic information. After laying these foundations, along with a treatment of the essential methods used to study mineral magnetism, the chapters in Part II each focus on the magnetic properties of a major magnetic mineral, with "minor" minerals treated together in a single chapter. This essential 'from the ground up' introduction to the topic, with in-depth treatment of each magnetic mineral and a guide to the extensive technical literature, is an invaluable resource for beginners and experts alike.

Contents:

Cover

Half-title page

Review

Title page

Copyright page

Contents

Preface

Acknowledgements

List of Figure Credits

AIP Publishing

Allen &amp

Unwin

American Association for the Advancement of Science

American Chemical Society

American Geophysical Union

American Physical Society

Bruce M. Moskowitz

Cambridge University Press

Canadian Science Publishing

Copernicus Publications for the European Geosciences Union

David J. Dunlop

Dove Press

Édition Diffusion Presse (EDP) Sciences

Elsevier

Firoz Badesab

Frontiers Media SA

Gallica, Bibliothèque Nationale de France

Geological Society of America

Geological Society of London

Heather Bullen

Hidefumi Tanaka

Institute for Rock Magnetism, University of Minnesota

Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining

Institute of Physics Publishing

Institution of Electrical Engineers

J. D. &amp

E. S. Dana

John A. Dearing

John Wiley &amp

Sons

Journal of Geophysics

Kluwer Academic Publishers

MDPI

Mineralogical Association of Canada

Mineralogical Society of America

National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

National Research Council of Japan

Oxford University Press

Physical Society of Japan

Polish Academy of Sciences

Robert F. Butler

Roger Pynn

Royal Society of Chemistry

Royal Society Publishing

Science X

Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences

Springer Nature

Springer Open

Springer-Verlag

Taylor &amp

Francis

The Japan Academy

University of California Press

U.S. Geological Survey

Wikipedia

World Scientific

Part I Essentials of Mineral Magnetism

1 Introduction

1.1 What Use is Mineral Magnetism?

1.1.1 Earth Science

1.1.2 Environmental Science

1.1.3 Biomagnetism.

1.1.4 Industrial, Technological, and Medical Uses of Magnetic Minerals

1.2 Purpose of This Book

1.3 Structure and Scope of This Book

2 Fundamentals of Mineralogy

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Atomic Structure of Matter

2.3 Chemical Bonding

2.3.1 Bonding

2.3.2 Arrangement of Atoms in Crystals

2.3.2.1 Hexagonal Close Packing

2.3.2.2 Cubic Close Packing

2.3.3 Coordination Polyhedra

2.4 Crystallography

2.4.1 The Unit Cell and Crystal Lattices

2.4.2 Crystal Symmetry, Lattice Systems, and Lattice Types

2.4.3 Space Groups

2.4.4 Crystallographic Directions and Planes

2.5 Crystal Morphology

2.5.1 Crystal Nucleation

2.5.2 Crystal Defects, Vacancies, and Cation Substitution

2.6 Igneous Petrogenesis and Iron Oxide Formation

2.6.1 Solid Solutions

2.6.2 Exsolution and Oxyexsolution

2.6.3 Further Fe-Ti Oxide Textures in Igneous Rocks

2.7 Crystal Structures of Magnetic Minerals

2.7.1 Spinel Structure

2.7.2 Corundum Structure

2.7.3 Other Structures

2.8 Physical Properties of Minerals

2.9 Concluding Comments

3 Fundamentals of Mineral Magnetism

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Magnetostatics

3.2.1 Electric and Magnetic Fields and Magnetic Dipole Moments

3.2.2 Magnetization and Magnetic Susceptibility

3.3 Magnetism at the Atomic Level

3.3.1 Electron Orbital Magnetic Moment

3.3.2 Electron Spin Magnetic Moment

3.3.3 Total Electron Magnetic Moment

3.3.4 Magnetic Moments of Electrons in a Quantum Mechanical Model

3.3.5 Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Vector Magnetism at the Atomic Level

3.3.6 Exchange Interactions, Superexchange, and the Magnetization of Compounds

3.4 Classes of Magnetic Materials

3.4.1 Diamagnetism

3.4.2 Paramagnetism

3.4.3 Ferromagnetism

3.4.4 Magnetic Sublattices

3.4.5 Antiferromagnetism

3.4.5.1 Imperfect Antiferromagnetism.

3.4.6 Ferrimagnetism

3.5 Magnetic Anisotropy

3.5.1 Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy

3.5.2 Uniaxial Anisotropy

3.5.3 Magnetostatic Energy

3.5.4 Stress Anisotropy: Magnetostriction and Magnetoelasticity

3.5.5 Shape Anisotropy

3.6 Magnetic Domain States

3.6.1 Superparamagnetism

3.6.2 The Stable Single Domain State

3.6.3 Flower and Vortex States

3.6.4 The Multi-Domain (MD) State

3.6.5 A Note on Domain Imaging

3.7 Micromagnetic Modelling

3.8 Particle Size Dependence of Magnetic Hysteresis Measurements

3.8.1 Magnetic Hysteresis

3.8.2 A Note on Magnetostatic Interactions

3.9 Units in Magnetism

3.10 Concluding Comments

4 Experimental Methods in Mineral Magnetism

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Determination of Crystal and Magnetic Structures

4.2.1 X-Ray Diffraction

4.2.2 Neutron Diffraction

4.2.3 Mössbauer Spectroscopy

4.2.4 Synchrotron-Based X-Ray Methods

4.2.5 Electron Microscopy

4.3 Theoretical Approaches

4.3.1 Group Theory

4.3.2 Density Functional Theory

4.4 Magnetic Property Determination

4.4.1 Determination of the Fundamental Magnetic Constants

4.4.2 Hysteresis Measurements

4.4.3 First-Order Reversal Curve Measurements

4.4.4 Curie/Néel Temperature Estimation

4.4.5 Identification of Low-Temperature Magnetic Transitions

4.4.6 Particle Size Dependence of Magnetic Properties

4.5 Concluding Comments

Part II Magnetism of the Major Terrestrial Rock-Forming Magnetic Minerals

5 The Iron-Titanium Oxides: Magnetite (Fe[sub(3)]O[sub(4)])

5.1 Modes of Occurrence of Magnetite and Technological Applications

5.2 Crystal Structure of Magnetite

5.3 Magnetic Structure of Magnetite

5.4 Fundamental Magnetic Constants for Magnetite

5.4.1 Saturation Magnetization, M[sub(s)]

5.4.2 Exchange Constant, A

5.4.3 Anisotropy Constants, K[sub(1)] and K[sub(2)].

5.5 Electronic Structure of Magnetite

5.6 Threshold Sizes for Domain-State Transitions in Magnetite

5.7 Magnetic Properties of Magnetite

5.7.1 High-Field Magnetic Properties

5.7.1.1 Hysteresis and Particle Size Dependence of Hysteresis Parameters

5.7.1.2 FORC Diagrams

5.7.1.3 M[sub(r)] Acquisition and DC Demagnetization

5.7.2 Other Room-Temperature Magnetic Properties

5.7.2.1 Low-Field Magnetic Susceptibility

5.7.2.2 Alternating Field Demagnetization

5.7.2.3 Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization

5.7.3 Low-Temperature Magnetic Properties

5.7.3.1 The Verwey Transition and Isotropic Point in Magnetite

5.7.3.2 Use of the Verwey Transition in Mineral Magnetism

5.7.3.3 Warming of M[sub(rs)] from Low Temperatures

5.7.3.4 Zero-Field Cooled and Field-Cooled Low-Temperature Measurements

5.7.3.5 Low-Temperature Cycling of a Room Temperature M[sub(rs)]

5.7.3.6 Low-Temperature Demagnetization of MD Magnetite

5.7.3.7 Other Low-Temperature Magnetic Measurements

5.7.4 High-Temperature Magnetic Properties

5.7.4.1 Curie Temperature

5.7.4.2 Thermomagnetic Curves

5.7.4.3 Thermal Demagnetization of NRM, TRM, or M[sub(rs)]

5.7.4.4 Thermal Demagnetization of a Three-Axis M[sub(r)]

5.7.4.5 Temperature Dependence of Susceptibility

5.8 Future Work

6 The Iron-Titanium Oxides: The Titanomagnetite (Fe[sub(3-x)]Ti[sub(x)]O[sub(4)]) Series

6.1 Modes of Occurrence of Titanomagnetite and Technological Applications

6.2 Crystal Structure of Titanomagnetites

6.3 Magnetic Structure of Titanomagnetite Series Minerals

6.4 Fundamental Magnetic Constants for the Titanomagnetite Series

6.4.1 Saturation Magnetization, M[sub(s)]

6.4.2 Exchange Constant, A

6.4.3 Anisotropy Constant, K, and Magnetoelastic Anisotropy Constant, K

6.5 Electronic Structure of Titanomagnetites.

6.6 Threshold Sizes for Domain State Transitions in the Titanomagnetite Series

6.6.1 Domain Observations for the Titanomagnetite Series

6.6.2 Micromagnetic Simulation of Domain State Transitions for the Titanomagnetite Series

6.7 Magnetic Properties of the Titanomagnetite Series

6.7.1 High-Field Magnetic Properties

6.7.1.1 Hysteresis and Particle Size Dependence of Hysteresis Parameters

6.7.1.2 FORC Diagrams and Magnetization Processes in the Titanomagnetite Series

6.7.1.3 M[sub(r)] and TRM Acquisition

6.7.2 Other Room-Temperature Magnetic Properties

6.7.2.1 Low-Field Magnetic Susceptibility

6.7.2.2 Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility

6.7.2.3 Alternating Field Demagnetization

6.7.2.4 Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization

6.7.3 Low-Temperature Magnetic Properties

6.7.3.1 Effects of Ti Substitution on the Verwey Transition and Isotropic Points

6.7.3.2 Warming of M[sub(rs)] from Low Temperatures

6.7.3.3 Zero-Field Cooled and Field-Cooled Low-Temperature Measurements

6.7.3.4 Low-Temperature Cycling of a Room Temperature M[sub(rs)]

6.7.3.5 Low-Temperature Dependence of χ

6.7.3.6 Frequency and Temperature Dependence of Low-Field AC Magnetic Susceptibility

6.7.4 High-Temperature Magnetic Properties

6.7.4.1 Curie Temperature

6.7.4.2 Thermomagnetic Curves

6.7.4.3 Thermal Demagnetization of NRM, TRM, ARM, and M[sub(rs)]

6.7.4.4 Thermal Demagnetization of a Three-Axis M[sub(rs)]

6.7.4.5 Temperature Dependence of χ

6.8 Future Work

7 The Iron-Titanium Oxides: Hematite (α-Fe[sub(2)]O[sub(3)])

7.1 Modes of Occurrence of Hematite and Technological Applications

7.2 Crystal Structure of Hematite

7.3 Magnetic Structure of Hematite

7.4 Fundamental Magnetic Constants for Hematite

7.4.1 Saturation Magnetization, M[sub(s)]

7.4.2 Exchange Constant, A.

7.4.3 Anisotropy Constant, K.

Notes:

Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Feb 2026).

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

1-108-93563-X

OCLC:

1533768399