Collision Documentation / Christopher D. Armstrong.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Armstrong, Christopher D., author.

Series:

Collisioni ; Volume 1.

Collision Reconstruction Methodologies Series ; Volume 1

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Traffic accidents--Research.

Traffic accidents.

Automobiles--Collision damage.

Automobiles.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (230 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

Warrendale, Pennsylvania : SAE International, [2019]

Summary:

The last ten years have seen explosive growth in the technology available to the collision analyst, changing the way reconstruction is practiced in fundamental ways. The greatest technological advances for the crash reconstruction community have come in the realms of photogrammetry and digital media analysis. The widespread use of scanning technology has facilitated the implementation of powerful new tools to digitize forensic data, create 3D models and visualize and analyze crash vehicles and environments. The introduction of unmanned aerial systems and standardization of crash data recorders to the crash reconstruction community have enhanced the ability of a crash analyst to visualize and model the components of a crash reconstruction. Because of the technological changes occurring in the industry, many SAE papers have been written to address the validation and use of new tools for collision reconstruction. Collision Reconstruction Methodologies Volumes 1-12 bring together seminal SAE technical papers surrounding advancements in the crash reconstruction field. Topics featured in the series include: * Night Vision Study and Photogrammetry * Vehicle Event Data Recorders * Motorcycle, Heavy Vehicle, Bicycle and Pedestrian Accident Reconstruction The goal is to provide the latest technologies and methodologies being introduced into collision reconstruction - appealing to crash analysts, consultants and safety engineers alike. Click here to purchase the entire set at a discount!

Contents:

Cover

Table of Contents

Introduction

CHAPTER 1 A Video Tracking Photogrammetry Technique to Survey Roadways for Accident Reconstruction

Background

Video Tracking Photogrammetry

Scene Surveying

Setting Up the Video Take

Taking the Video

Tips

Processing the Data

Case Studies

Flat Highway

Road Signs and Telephone Poles

Rolling Highway

Comparison of Survey Accuracy for Road Curvature

Comparison of Survey Accuracy for Road Profile

Residential Roads

Future Development

Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 2 A Three-Dimensional Crush Measurement Methodology Using Two-Dimensional Photographs

Previous Research Studies

Methodology

Procedure

Step One: Photograph Selection

Step Two (Part One): Wireframe Model Acquisition

Step Two (Part Two): Model/Photograph Alignment

Step Three: Vertices Displacement ("Deforming" The Model)

Selected Case Studies

Case Study No. 1

Case Study No. 1 Results

Case Study No. 2

Case Study No. 2 Results

Discussion

Acknowledgments

CHAPTER 3 Using Particle Image Velocimetry for Road Vehicle Tracking and Performance Monitoring

Purpose

Literature Review

Overview

Mathematical Basis for DPIV

Description of Vehicle Kinematics

Preliminary Testing

Bounds of Performance

Experimental Procedures

Description of Systems

Calibration

Modifications to OpenPIV

Data Collection

Straight-Line Driving Test Results

Analysis of Data

Omission of Outliers

Least Squares Analysis

Comparison of Analysis Techniques

Sources of Uncertainty

Conclusions

CHAPTER 4 Benefits and Methodology for Dimensioning a Vehicle Using a 3D Scanner for Accident Reconstruction Purposes.

Introduction

Methodology for Dimensioning a Vehicle

Scanner Setup Prior to Inspection Trip

Scanner Setup at Inspection

Scanning a Vehicle

Post Processing the Scanner Data

Reconstruction Case Studies

Case 1: A Roof Deformation Case on a Small Sport Utility Vehicle

Case 2: Collision Between a Motorcycle and Towed Trailer

Case 3: Intersectional Collision Case Involving Two Vehicles

Case 4: Damage Documentation on a UTV

Case 5: Seat Belt and Seat Movement Investigation

CHAPTER 5 The Accuracy of Photo-Based Three-Dimensional Scanning for Collision Reconstruction Using 123D Catch

Crush Jigs

Plumb Line Tracing

Total Station Survey

Laser Scanning

Coordinate Measuring Machines

Traditional Photogrammetry

Photo-Based 3D Scanning

Photo-Based 3D Scanning Theory

Photo-Based 3D Scanning Software

Method

Vehicle Preparation

Total Station Measurements

Traditional Photogrammetry Measurements

Data Analysis

Results

Comparison between Total Station and Photo-Based 3D Scanning

Comparison between Traditional Photogrammetry and Photo-Based 3D Scanning

Measurement Deviation

Strengths of Photo-Based 3D Scanning

Limitations of Photo-Based 3D Scanning

Summary/Conclusions

CHAPTER 6 Applying Camera Matching Methods to Laser-Scanned Three-Dimensional Scene Data with Comparisons to Other Methods

Photogrammetry Methods Used

Photogrammetry Software

Photogrammetry Using Point Cloud Data

Photograph Rectification of Point Cloud Data

Camera Matching to Point Cloud Data

Photogrammetry Using 3D Scanner Data

The Method of Virtual Camera Matching to a Scene.

Applying the Virtual Camera Matching Method to a Complex Crash on Sloped Terrain

Accuracy Comparison for the Staged Collision

Photograph Considerations for Camera Matching Photogrammetry

CHAPTER 7 Assessment of the Accuracy of Google Earth Imagery for Use as a Tool in Accident Reconstruction

CHAPTER 8 A Quantitative Method for Accurately Depicting Still Photographs or Video of a Nighttime Scene Utilizing Equivalent Contrast

Contrast

Prior Methodologies

Testing

Calibrating for an Object that cannot be Seen

Calibrating for an Object that can be Seen

CHAPTER 9 Evaluation of the Accuracy of Image-Based Scanning as a Basis for Photogrammetric Reconstruction of Physical Evidence

Underlying Concepts-Image-Based Scanning

Advantages of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Discussion and Conclusions

CHAPTER 10 A Survey of Multiview Photogrammetry Software for Documenting Vehicle Crush

3D Scanner Documentation

Photograph and Video Documentation

3D Scan Data Processing

Photogrammetric Data Processing

Scaling and Comparing the Point Clouds

Initial Software Evaluation

Camera Comparison

Photographs and Video Comparison

Software Evaluation Using Limited Photographs

Damaged and Undamaged Vehicle Comparison

Further Analysis: Photographs and Video Comparison

About the Author.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

0-7680-9183-7

OCLC:

1302007927