Introduction to Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. Volume 1, Basic Techniques and Concepts / edited by Saurabh Bhatia [and three others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Bhatia, Saurabh, editor.

Series:

IOP Ebooks Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Bioengineering.

Pharmaceutical biotechnology.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (488 pages)

Edition:

Second edition.

Place of Publication:

Bristol, England : IOP Publishing, [2024]

Summary:

The recent advancements in biotechnology, particularly in post-COVID era is accelerating the pace of research and development in all areas of biological sciences. Thus, the aim & scope of this book is to clearly illustrate ideas on diverse ongoing cutting-edge advancements in the field biotechnology and current scenario across a wide subject spectrum.

Contents:

Intro

Acknowledgements

Editor biographies

Professor Ahmed Al-Harrasi

Dr Saif Hameed

Dr Zeeshan Fatima

Dr Saurabh Bhatia

List of contributors

Chapter History, scope and development of biotechnology

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Branches of biotechnology

1.3 Biotechnology and its various stages of development

1.3.1 Old and new biotechnology

1.3.2 Ancient biotechnology (pre-1800)

1.3.3 Classical biotechnology

1.3.4 Modern biotechnology

1.4 Scope and importance of biotechnology

1.4.1 Biotechnology in medicine

1.4.2 Industrial biotechnology

1.4.3 Biotechnology and the environment

1.4.4 Biotechnology and agriculture

1.5 Biotechnology techniques

1.5.1 Bioreactors

1.5.2 Cell fusion

1.5.3 Liposome-based delivery

1.5.4 Cell or tissue culture

1.5.5 Genetic engineering

1.5.6 DNA fingerprinting

1.5.7 Cloning

1.5.8 Artificial insemination and ET technology

1.5.9 Stem cell technology

1.6 Applications of biotechnology

1.6.1 Basic applications of biotechnology

1.6.2 Most common applications

1.7 Biotech research: 2015-16

1.7.1 Artificial intelligence and biotechnology

1.7.2 Use of biotechnology in advancements of plant metabolite extraction and identification techniques

References

Chapter Modern DNA science and its applications

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Genes: units of inheritance

2.2 The human genome project

2.3 DNA synthesis begins at replication origins

2.4 Gene expression

2.4.1 One gene, one product

2.4.2 Genetic regulation of worldwide gene expression

2.5 Structure of DNA

2.6 DNA replication

2.6.1 Leading strand

2.6.2 Lagging strand

2.7 DNA supercoiling

2.8 Repair and recombination

2.9 Types of DNA damage

2.9.1 Base excision repair (BER)

2.9.2 Mismatch repair (MMR)

2.9.3 Nucleotide excision repair (NER).

2.9.4 Double-strand break (DSB) repair

2.10 DNA recombination

2.10.1 Types and examples of recombination

2.11 DNA isolation is the commencement of molecular marker analysis

2.11.1 DNA extraction protocols

2.12 Types of molecular markers

2.12.1 Hybridization-based molecular markers

2.12.2 PCR-based markers

2.13 Genomic library screening methods

2.13.1 Colony hybridization

2.13.2 Chromosome walking

2.13.3 Blotting techniques

2.13.4 Southern blot analysis

2.13.5 Northern blot analysis

2.13.6 Western blot analysis

2.13.7 Dot blot technique

2.13.8 Techniques for the detection of specific proteins

2.13.9 Electrophoresis techniques

2.14 Triplex DNA, TFOS, PNAs, RNA-DNA hybrids and DSRNA/RNAI

2.15 Isolation, sequencing, and synthesis of genes

2.15.1 Isolation of ribosomal RNA

2.15.2 Isolation of genes coding for specific proteins

2.15.3 Isolation of genes (with known or unknown products) using DNA or RNA probes

2.15.4 Isolation of genes coding for unknown products, when probes are not available

2.15.5 Use of transposable elements (transposon tagging) for isolation of gene

2.15.6 T-DNA insertion mutagenesis for isolation of plant genes

2.15.7 Promoter, enhancer and gene trap for isolation of genes

2.15.8 Mutation complementation

2.15.9 Differential screening and differential display technique for isolation of genes

2.15.10 Subtractive hybridization for gene isolation

2.15.11 Map-based cloning for gene isolation

2.15.12 Isolation of novel genes

2.15.13 Sequencing of a gene or a DNA fragment

2.16 Synthesis of genes

2.16.1 Chemical synthesis of tRNA genes

2.16.2 Synthesis of the gene for yeast alanyl tRNA

2.16.3 Synthesis of a gene from true precursor tRNA

2.16.4 Mass spectrometry for genomics and proteomics

2.17 Genomics and proteomics research.

2.17.1 Genomics

2.17.2 Application of human genome sequencing

Chapter Introduction to genetic engineering

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Gene transfer technologies

3.2.1 Electroporation

3.2.2 Microinjection

3.2.3 Biolistics or microprojectiles for DNA transfer

3.2.4 Liposome-mediated gene transfer

3.2.5 Calcium phosphate-mediated DNA transfer

3.2.6 DNA transfer by DEAE-dextran method

3.2.7 Transfer of DNA by polycation-DMSO

3.2.8 Polyethylene-glycol-mediated transfection

3.2.9 Gene transfer through peptides

3.2.10 Gene transfer by retroviruses

3.2.11 CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing

3.2.12 Mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing [108]

3.2.13 Viral-like particles (VLPs) for transfection

3.2.14 Mechanism of VLP-mediated transfection [116]

3.3 Plasmids

3.4 Different hosts and protein expression technologies

3.4.1 rDNA technology

3.5 Gene cloning

3.6 Transfection methods and transgenic animals

3.6.1 Gene transfer or transfection

3.6.2 Transfection of fertilized eggs or embryos

3.6.3 Transfer of whole nuclei (or split embryos)

3.6.4 DNA microinjection into the egg

3.6.5 Virus-mediated gene transfer to embryo

3.6.6 Transfection of cultured mammalian cells

3.6.7 Targeted gene transfer

3.6.8 Transgenic animals in biotechnology

3.7 Applications of genetic engineering in biotechnology

3.8 Mammalian cell line characterization

3.9 In vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer in humans and domestic animals

3.10 IVF in humans and embryo transfer

3.10.1 Types and causes of infertility

3.10.2 Evaluation and assessment of patients

3.10.3 IVF fertility treatment

3.10.4 Development of ovarian follicles in natural menstrual cycles

3.10.5 Development of ovarian follicles in stimulated cycles.

3.10.6 Development of ovarian follicles during a controlled cycle

3.10.7 Ovarian stimulation protocols for IVF

3.10.8 Spontaneous luteinizing hormone (LH) surge

3.10.9 Administration of hCG for controlled ovulation

3.10.10 Equipment and technique for laparoscopy

3.10.11 Oocyte culture and IVF culture of oocytes

3.10.12 Preparation of semen

3.10.13 In vitro fertilization

3.11 Embryo transfer (ET) in humans

3.11.1 Time of ET

3.11.2 ET technique

3.11.3 Complications associated with embryo transfer

3.12 Superovulation, IVF and embryo culture in farm animals

3.13 ET in cattle

3.13.1 ET technique in cattle

3.13.2 Technique for freezing embryos in cattle

3.13.3 Benefits of ET in cattle

3.13.4 Problems in ET in cattle

Chapter Applications of stem cells in disease and gene therapy

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Types of gene therapy

4.2.1 Somatic gene therapy

4.2.2 Germline gene therapy

4.3 Techniques for gene therapy

4.3.1 Gene augmentation therapy (GAT)

4.3.2 Targeted killing of specific cells

4.3.3 Targeted inhibition of gene expression

4.3.4 Targeted gene mutation correction

4.4 Methods of gene therapy

4.4.1 In vivo gene therapy

4.4.2 Ex vivo gene therapy

4.5 Methods of gene therapy

4.5.1 Conventional gene therapy

4.5.2 Non-classical gene therapy

4.6 Vectors for gene therapy

4.6.1 Viral-mediated gene delivery

4.6.2 Non-viral-mediated gene therapy

4.7 Target sites for gene therapy

4.7.1 Target cells for gene transfer

4.8 Gene therapy strategies for cancer

4.8.1 Tumor necrosis factor gene therapy

4.8.2 Suicide gene therapy

4.8.3 Two gene cancer therapy

4.8.4 Gene replacement therapy

4.9 Gene therapy for AIDS

4.9.1 REV and ENV genes

4.9.2 Genes of HIV proteins

4.9.3 Gene to inactivate gp120.

4.10 Oligonucleotide therapies: antigene and antisense therapy

4.10.1 Antisense therapy for cancer

4.10.2 Antisense therapy for AIDS

4.11 Antisense oligonucleotides as therapeutic agents

4.12 Chimeric oligonucleotides in gene correction

4.13 Aptamers as therapeutic agents

4.14 Ribozymes as therapeutic agents

4.15 The future of gene therapy

4.16 Stem cell research

4.16.1 Stem cell classification

4.16.2 Historical background of stem cell research

4.16.3 Ethical issues associated with cell lines

4.16.4 Applications of stem cell research

4.16.5 Human ES cells

4.17 Applications of stem cells in diseases

4.17.1 Applications of stem cells in cardiovascular diseases

4.17.2 Applications of stem cells in digestive system diseases

4.17.3 Applications of stem cells in intestinal fibrosis

4.17.4 Applications of stem cells in liver diseases

4.17.5 Applications of stem cells in osteoarthritis

4.17.6 Applications of stem cells in cancer

4.17.7 Applications of stem cells in endocrine disorders

4.17.8 Applications of stem cells in infertility and reproductive function recovery

4.17.9 Applications of stem cells in skin burns and wound healing

4.17.10 Stem cell applications in neurodegenerative diseases

4.17.11 Applications of stem cells in pulmonary fibrosis

4.17.12 Applications of stem cell therapy in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

4.17.13 Applications of stem cell therapy in asthma

4.17.14 Applications of stem cell therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

4.17.15 Applications of stem cell therapy in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)

4.17.16 Applications of stem cell therapy in osteoporosis

4.17.17 Applications of stem cell therapy in autoimmune disease

4.17.18 Applications of stem cell therapy in renal diseases.

4.17.19 Applications of stem cell therapy in retinal disease.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

Other Format:

Print version: Bhatia, Saurabh Introduction to Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Volume 1 (Second Edition)

ISBN:

9780750353847

OCLC:

1451139614