Germanate Glasses and Melts.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Shelby, J. E.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Materials.

Chemical models.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (239 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry, The, 2025.

Summary:

This book provides a comprehensive review of the properties, structure, and applications of germanate glasses and melts.

Contents:

Cover

Germanate Glasses and Melts

Copyright

Preface

Acknowledgements

Contents

Chapter 1: History of Germanate Glasses

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Discovery of the Germanate Anomalies

1.2.1 Density and Refractive Index

1.2.2 Transformation Range Viscosity and Glass Transformation Temperature

1.2.3 Elastic Moduli and Hardness

1.2.4 Electrical Conductivity and Ionic Diffusivity

1.2.5 Inert Gas Diffusivity

1.2.6 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

1.3 Evolution of Structural Models for Germanate Glasses

1.3.1 GeO2

1.3.2 Alkali Germanate Glasses

1.3.3 Other Germanate Glasses

1.4 "Best Values"

1.5 Additional Comments

References

Chapter 2: Models for the Structures of Germanate Glasses

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Vitreous Germania

2.3 Germanate Glasses Containing Only Network Forming Oxides

2.4 Binary Germanate Glasses Containing Alkali Oxides

2.4.1 The "Germanate Anomaly"

2.4.2 Spectral Studies of Alkali Germanate Glasses

2.4.3 Mathematical Models of Alkali Germanate Glasses

2.4.4 Why Don't All the Germanate Anomalies Occur at 18.18 mol% R2O?

2.4.5 What Properties can be Explained by the Existing Models?

2.4.6 What is the "Correct" Model for Alkali Germanate Glasses?

2.5 Binary Germanate Glasses Containing Alkaline Earth Oxides

2.6 Binary Germanate Glasses Containing PbO

2.7 Ternary Germanate Glasses Containing Al2O3 or Ga2O3

2.8 Ternary Germanate Glasses Containing Nb2O5 or Ta2O3

Chapter 3: Vitreous GeO₂

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Glass Preparation

3.3 Glass Properties

3.3.1 Density and Molar Volume

3.3.2 Refractive Index and Molar Refractivity

3.3.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

3.3.4 Elastic Modulus

3.3.5 Heat Capacity

3.3.6 Electrical Conductivity

3.3.7 Ionic Diffusivity

3.3.8 Solubility and Diffusivity of Inert Gases.

3.3.9 Reaction with Hydrogen Gas

3.3.10 Reaction with Water Vapor

3.4 Melt Properties

3.4.1 Glass Transformation Temperature

3.4.2 Fictive Temperature

3.4.3 Transformation Range Viscosity

3.4.4 Fragility

3.4.5 Melt Viscosity

3.4.6 Critical Cooling Rate

3.5 Induced Densification

3.5.1 Pressure-induced Densification

3.5.2 Radiation-induced Densification

Chapter 4: Germanate Glasses Containing Only Glassformers

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Formation of Germanate Glasses Containing B2O3, SiO2, or P2O5

4.3 Properties of Binary Germanate Glasses Containing B2O3, SiO2, or P2O5

4.3.1 Density

4.3.2 Refractive Index

4.3.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

4.3.4 Electrical Conductivity

4.3.5 Elastic Moduli

4.3.6 Inert Gas Diffusion and Solubility

4.3.7 Reactions with Hydrogen

4.3.8 Radiation Compaction

4.4 Properties of Binary Melts Containing B2O3, SiO2, or P2O5

4.4.1 Glass Transformation Temperature

4.4.2 Transformation Range Viscosity

4.4.3 Melt Viscosity

4.4.4 Melt Density and Expansion Coefficient

4.4.5 Germanium Diffusion in Silicogermanate Melts

4.5 Properties of Ternary Germanate Glasses Containing B2O3, SiO2, or P2O5

Chapter 5: Germanate Glasses Containing Conditional Glassformers

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Formation of Glasses Containing Pseudoglassformers

5.3 Properties of Binary Pseudoglassformer Germanate Glasses

5.3.1 Density and Molar Volume

5.3.2 Refractive Index and Molar Refractivity

5.3.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

5.3.4 Electrical Conductivity

5.4 Properties of Binary Pseudoglassformer Germanate Melts

5.4.1 Glass Transformation Temperature

5.4.2 Viscosity

5.4.3 Melt Density

5.4.4 Surface Tension

5.5 Properties of Ternary Pseudoglassformer Germanate Glasses.

5.5.1 Modifier Pseudoglassformer Germanate Glasses

5.5.2 Modifier Pseudoglassformer Germanate Melts

5.6 Properties of Antimony Bismuth Germanate Glasses and Melts

Chapter 6: Monovalent Cations in Germanate Glasses and Melts

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Formation of Alkali and Pseudoalkali Germanate Glasses

6.3 Properties of Alkali Germanate Glasses

6.3.1 Density and Molar Volume

6.3.2 Refractive Index and Molar Refractivity

6.3.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

6.3.4 Electrical Conductivity

6.3.5 Ionic Diffusivity

6.3.6 Internal Friction and Acoustic Loss

6.3.7 He Diffusion and Solubility

6.3.8 Elastic Moduli

6.4 Properties of Alkali Germanate Melts

6.4.1 Glass Transformation Temperature

6.4.2 Glass Stability

6.4.3 Transformation Range Viscosity

6.4.4 Fragility Index

6.4.5 Melt Viscosity

6.4.6 Melt Densities and Molar Volumes

6.4.7 Electrical Conductivities of Melts

6.4.8 Water Diffusion in Germanate Melts

6.5 Properties of Pseudoalkali Germanate Glasses and Melts

Chapter 7: Mixed Monovalent Germanate Glasses

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Formation of Mixed Monovalent Germanate Glasses

7.3 Properties of Mixed Monovalent Germanate Glasses

7.3.1 Density and Molar Volume

7.3.2 Refractive Index and Molar Refractivity

7.3.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

7.3.4 Electrical Conductivity

7.3.5 Ionic Diffusion

7.3.6 Infrared Spectra and Hydroxyl Concentration

7.4 Properties of Mixed Monovalent Germanate Melts

7.4.1 Glass Transformation Temperature

7.4.2 Crystallization

7.5 Properties of R₂O-R'₂O-Al₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses

Chapter 8: RO Germanate Glasses

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Formation of RO Germanate Glasses

8.3 Properties of Binary RO Germanate Glasses

8.3.1 Density and Molar Volume.

8.3.2 Refractive Index and Molar Refractivity

8.3.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficients

8.3.4 Electrical Conductivity

8.3.5 Dissolution in Water

8.3.6 Helium Permeability

8.4 Properties of Binary RO Germanate Melts

8.4.1 Glass Transformation Temperature

8.4.2 Viscosity

8.4.3 Crystallization

8.5 Properties of R₂O-RO-GeO₂ Glasses and Melts

8.5.1 Na₂O-CaO-GeO₂ Glasses and Melts

8.5.2 Na₂O-RO-GeO₂ Glasses and Melts

8.5.3 Li₂O-ZnO-GeO₂ Glasses and Melts

8.5.4 Other Glasses and Melts Containing RO

Chapter 9: PbO and SnO Germanate Glasses

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Formation of PbO and SnO Germanate Glasses

9.3 Properties of Binary PbO and SnO Germanate Glasses

9.3.1 Density and Molar Volume

9.3.2 Refractive Index and Molar Refractivity

9.3.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

9.3.4 Electrical Conductivity

9.3.5 Modulus

9.4 Properties of Binary PbO-GeO₂ Melts

9.4.1 Glass Transformation Temperature

9.4.2 Transformation Range Viscosity

9.4.3 Melt Viscosity, Density, and Volume Expansion Coefficient

9.5 Properties of Ternary Glasses Containing PbO and GeO₂

9.5.1 PbO-GeO₂ Glasses and Melts Containing Na₂O or Tl₂O

9.5.2 Li₂O-PbO-GeO₂ Glasses

Chapter 10: Germanate Glasses Containing a Modifier Oxide and Either SiO₂ or B₂O₃

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Formation of Germanate Glasses Containing a Monovalent Oxide and a Second Glassformer

10.3 Properties of R₂O-SiO₂-GeO₂ Glasses

10.3.1 Density

10.3.2 Refractive Index

10.3.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

10.3.4 Electrical Conductivity

10.3.5 Elastic Moduli

10.4 Properties of R₂O-SiO₂-GeO₂ Melts

10.4.1 Glass Transformation Temperature

10.4.2 Transformation Range and Melt Viscosity

10.4.3 Other Melt Properties

10.5 Properties of R₂O-B₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses

10.5.1 Density.

10.5.2 Refractive Index

10.5.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

10.5.4 Electrical Conductivity

10.6 Properties of R₂O-B₂O₃-GeO₂ Melts

10.6.1 Glass Transformation Temperature

10.6.2 Melt Viscosity

10.6.3 Melt Density

10.7 Properties of PbO-SiO₂-GeO₂ Glasses

10.8 Properties of RO-B₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses

Chapter 11: R₂O-M₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Formation of R₂O-M₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses

11.3 Properties of R₂O-Al₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses and Melts

11.3.1 Density and Molar Volume

11.3.2 Refractive Index

11.3.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

11.3.4 Electrical Conductivity

11.3.5 Sodium Diffusivity

11.3.6 Glass Transformation Temperature

11.3.7 Transformation Range and Melt Viscosity

11.3.8 Melt Densities and Electrical Conductivities

11.4 Properties of R₂O-Ga₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses and Melts

11.4.1 Density and Molar Volume

11.4.2 Refractive Index

11.4.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

11.4.4 Electrical Conductivity

11.4.5 Potassium Diffusivity

11.4.6 Glass Transformation Temperature

11.4.7 Transformation Range Viscosity

11.5 Density and Refractive Index of Tl₂O-Al₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses

11.6 Density and Refractive Index of R₂O-In₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses

Chapter 12: RO-M₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Formation of RO-M₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses

12.3 Properties of RO-M₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses and Melts Where M₂O₃/RO = 1.0

12.3.1 Density and Molar Volume

12.3.2 Refractive Index

12.3.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficients

12.3.4 Electrical Conductivity

12.3.5 Dissolution in Water

12.3.6 Glass Transformation Temperature

12.4 Properties of CaO-Al₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses and Melts

12.4.1 Density and Molar Volume

12.4.2 Refractive Index

12.4.3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient

12.4.4 Glass Transformation Temperature.

12.5 Properties of BaO-Ga₂O₃-GeO₂ Glasses and Melts.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Part of the metadata in this record was created by AI, based on the text of the resource.

ISBN:

1-83767-811-1

1-83767-812-X

OCLC:

1526561691