DeGroot's endocrinology : basic science and clinical practice / R. Paul Robertson.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Robertson, R. Paul, author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Endocrine glands.

Endocrine glands--Diseases.

Endocrinology.

Hormones.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (2539 pages)

Edition:

Eighth edition.

Former Title:

Endocrinology : Adult and Pediatric

Place of Publication:

Philadelphia, PA : Elsevier Inc., [2023]

Summary:

Thoroughly updated to reflect today's recent advances in adult and pediatric endocrinology, DeGroot's Endocrinology, 8th Edition, remains the comprehensive, international reference of choice for today's endocrinologists and fellows.

Contents:

9780323694131v1_WEB

Front Cover

IFC

DeGroot's ENDOCRINOLOGY

DeGroot's ENDOCRINOLOGY Basic Science and Clinical Practice

Copyright

CONTRIBUTORS

PREFACE

CONTENTS

1 - Principles of Endocrinologyand Hormone Signaling

1 - Principles of Endocrinology

DEFINITION AND SCOPE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES

PRINCIPLES OF HORMONE ACTION

Hormone Biosynthesis and Secretion

Feedback Regulation

Paracrine and Autocrine Regulation

Hormonal Rhythms and Pulsatility

Hormone Transport and Degradation

HORMONE ACTION THROUGH RECEPTORS

Membrane Receptors

Nuclear Receptors

ROLE OF THE CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGIST

MAJOR UNSOLVED PROBLEMS

REFERENCES

2 - Principles of Endocrine Measurements

INTRODUCTION AND BRIEF HISTORY OF ENDOCRINE ASSAYS

Radioimmunoassay

Nonisotopic Immunoassays

Monoclonal Antibodies

Structural Assays

Preanalytic Methods and Harmonization of Assays

Preanalytic Variables

Analytical Parameters

Clinical Parameters

Reference Intervals

General Interferences

Summary

Principle

Modern Example Analytes

Advantages

Disadvantages

Special Circumstances

Methods for Measurement of Free Hormones

Additional Techniques

Plasma Renin Activity Assay and its Modifications

Direct Renin Concentration

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

3 - Endocrine Rhythms, the Sleep-­Wake Cycle, and Biological Clocks

INTRODUCTION

What Are Biological Rhythms?

The Sleep-­Wake Cycle as a Rhythm

Clocks in the Brain and the Periphery

ENDOCRINE RHYTHMS

Examples of Endocrine Rhythms in Humans.

Glucocorticoid Pulsatility

Rhythms in Endocrine Disease

Limitations of Single Timepoint Assessments

CELL CLOCKS

THE SLEEP-­WAKE CYCLE

Sleep Regulation

Sleep Stages

Sleep Mistiming and Human Health

Jet Lag and Social Jet Lag

SUMMARY

CONCLUSIONS

2 - Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary Disease

4 - Prolactinomas and Disorders of Prolactin Secretion

HISTORY

EPIDEMIOLOGY

PATHOGENESIS

PATHOLOGY

Nontumoral Lesions Associated With Hyperprolactinemia

Pituitary Prolactin-­Secreting Carcinomas

Physiologic Hyperprolactinemia

Pharmacologic Hyperprolactinemia

Pathologic Hyperprolactinemia

DIAGNOSIS OF PROLACTINOMAS

Clinical Features

Laboratory Evaluation

Imaging

TREATMENT

Medical Therapy

Surgical Therapy

Radiotherapy

Therapeutic Advances and Perspectives

Prolactinomas and Pregnancy

Treatment Planning and Follow-­Up

5 - Hypopituitarism Including Growth Hormone Deficiency

ETIOLOGY OF HYPOPITUITARISM

Hypophysitis

MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY

CLINICAL FEATURES

DIAGNOSIS AND ENDOCRINE EVALUATION

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Deficiency: Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Deficiency: Central Hypothyroidism

Luteinizing Hormone/Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Deficiency: Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

Growth Hormone Deficiency

Hypopituitarism Following Pituitary Surgery

HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Deficiency Central Hypothyroidism

Childhood-Onset Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults

Hormone-Hormone Interactions

PREGNANCY

6 - Acromegaly.

PATHOGENESIS

Excess Growth Hormone Secretion

Excess Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Secretion

Role of the Hypothalamus in the Etiology of Acromegaly

Intrinsic Pituitary Lesions

Candidate Genes in the Etiology of Acromegaly

Epidemiology

DIAGNOSIS

Documenting Growth Hormone Hypersecretion

Localizing the Source of Excess Growth Hormone

Clinical Manifestations

Laboratory Findings

Mortality

MANAGEMENT

Treatment Goals

Surgery

Pituitary Irradiation

Pharmacologic Management (Fig. 6.5)

INTEGRATED TREATMENT APPROACH TO THE MANAGEMENT OF ACROMEGALY

Patients With Likelihood of Good Surgical Outcome

Follow-­Up

Additional Management Considerations

7 - Cushing Disease

ETIOLOGY OF CUSHING DISEASE

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Aspects

BIOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSIS OF CUSHING SYNDROME

General Considerations

First-­Line Biochemical Investigations

Second-­Line Biochemical Investigations

Other Biochemical Investigations

ESTABLISHING ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE-DEPENDENCY OF CUSHING SYNDROME

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE-DEPENDENT CUSHING SYNDROME

Hypercortisolemic States Without Cushing Syndrome

Differentiating Cushing disease From Ectopic Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Syndrome and Ectopic Corticotropin-­Releasing Hormone S...

TREATMENT OF CUSHING DISEASE

Somatostatin Analogs

Dopamine Agonists

Glucocorticoid Receptor-Directed Drugs

Combination of Medical Treatments

Future Medical Treatments

Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk

Muscle

Bone Disease

Mood and Cognitive Function

Autoimmunity

Quality of Life

Mortality in Cushing Disease

Implications for Treatment and Long-­Term Care

SPECIAL CONDITIONS

Cushing Disease as an Emergency Condition.

Cyclic Cushing Syndrome

Pediatric Cushing Disease

Cushing Disease and Pregnancy

Cushing Disease and Chronic Renal Failure

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

8 - Clinically Nonfunctioning Sellar Masses

Pituitary Adenomas

Etiology of Pituitary Adenomas

Other Benign Tumors

Malignant Tumors

Pituitary Hyperplasia

Other Sellar Masses

CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS

Neurologic Presentations

Incidental Finding

Endocrinologic Presentations

Pituitary Apoplexy

Imaging of the Sellar Region

Endocrinologic Tests

Pathologic Evaluation

Radiation

Pharmacologic Treatment

Observation

9 - Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone-Producing Pituitary Tumors

ETIOPATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY

Etiopathogenesis

Pathology

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

INVESTIGATION

Step 1 - Clinical Assessment

Step 2 - Exclusion of Laboratory Assay Interference

Step 3 - Distinguishing a Thyroid-­Stimulating Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma From TRβ Resistance to Thyroid Hormone

Step 4 - Pituitary Imaging

10 - Pituitary Surgery

HISTORY AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTSOF TRANSSPHENOIDAL SURGERY

Pituitary Adenoma

Rathke's Cleft Cyst

Craniopharyngioma (see also Chapter 11)

Other Lesions

PREOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT

Endocrine Status

Imaging Evaluation

SURGICAL TECHNIQUE

Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Pituitary Adenoma, Rathke's Cleft Cyst, and Craniopharyngioma

Diabetes Insipidus

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone

Early Remission

MAJOR COMPLICATIONS

Permanent Hypopituitarism

Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak and Meningitis

Cranial Nerve Injury

Postoperative Intrasellar Hematoma

Internal Carotid Artery Injury.

RESECTION AND REMISSION RATES

PITUITARY CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE

CONCLUSION

11 - Craniopharyngiomas and Parasellar Masses

TYPES OF PARASELLAR MASSES

CRANIOPHARYNGIOMAS

Pathogenesis

Imaging Features

Management

LONG-­TERM MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY

RATHKE'S CLEFT CYSTS

MENINGIOMAS

GLIOMAS

GERM CELL TUMORS

LANGERHANS CELL HISTIOCYTOSIS

HAMARTOMAS

PITUITARY METASTASIS

12 -Disorders of Sodium, Diabetes Insipidus and Hyponatremia

PHYSIOLOGY OF SODIUM AND WATER HOMEOSTASIS

Synthesis and Secretion of Vasopressin

Cellular Action of Vasopressin

Osmoregulation of Vasopressin Release

Baroregulation of Vasopressin Release

Other Mechanisms Regulating Vasopressin Release

Secretion of Copeptin

DIABETES INSIPIDUS

Hypothalamic Diabetes Insipidus

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Primary Polydipsia

Investigation of Diabetes Insipidus

Adipsic Diabetes Insipidus

Treatment of Diabetes Insipidus

HYPONATREMIA

Morbidity and Mortality

Differential Diagnosis of Hyponatremia

THE SYNDROME OF INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURESIS

Introduction

Causes of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis

Pathophysiology of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis

Diagnosis of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis

Differential Diagnosis of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis

TREATMENT OF HYPONATREMIA

Factors Affecting Therapy

Treatment of Chronic Hyponatremia Owing to Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis

Treatment of Acute Hyponatremia

13 - Anatomy and Physiology of the Hypothalamus and Pituitary

ANATOMY OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS.

Blood Supply of the Hypothalamus.

Notes:

Title change - older editions have the title - Endocrinology : Adult and Pediatric

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

0-323-69413-6

OCLC:

1380467842