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Heart failure in the child and young adult : from bench to bedside / edited by John L. Jefferies, Anthony C. Chang, Joseph W. Rossano, Robert E. Shaddy, Jeffrey A. Towbin.
- Format:
- Book
- Language:
- English
- Subjects (All):
- Heart failure in children.
- Heart failure.
- Children.
- Heart Failure.
- Child.
- Adolescent.
- Medical Subjects:
- Heart Failure.
- Child.
- Adolescent.
- Physical Description:
- 1 online resource (1000 pages) : illustrations
- Edition:
- Second edition.
- Place of Publication:
- Amsterdam : Academic Press, 2025.
- Summary:
- Heart Failure in the Child and Young Adult: From Bench to Bedside, Second Edition highlights unique aspects of heart failure in the young. This comprehensive resource combines research from multiple contributors with current guidelines to bridge the knowledge gap for the recognition and management of heart failure in children. Coverage begins with the basic science of heart failure and then progresses through diagnosis, management, treatment, and surgery, finally concluding with advanced special topics, including genetics, self-management, and nanomedicine. This new edition covers advancements in the field, including additional chapters and discussion on biomarkers, neuromuscular disease, quality of life, palliative care, and the impact of COVID-19 in myocarditis and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. It will serve as an indispensable reference to basic science researchers in cardiology, pediatrics, cardiologists, and pediatric cardiologists.
- Contents:
- Front Cover
- Heart Failure in the Child and Young Adult
- Heart Failure in the Child and Young Adult: From Bench to Bedside
- Copyright
- Contents
- Contributors
- I - Basic science of heart failure
- 1 - From molecular and cellular mechanisms to models of heart failure
- Introduction
- Etiology of cardiomyopathies in children
- Primary cardiomyopathies
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Nondilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy (NDLVC)
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy
- Left ventricular noncompaction
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- Secondary cardiomyopathies
- Valvular Heart Disease
- Ischemic cardiomyopathy
- Kawasaki disease
- Myocarditis
- Rheumatic heart disease
- Congenital heart diseases
- Natural history of HF in children
- Prognosis
- Molecular genetics of cardiomyopathy in children
- Animal models and molecular mechanisms of HF and cardiomyopathies
- Animal models of ischemia
- Animal models of pressure overload
- Animal models of volume overload
- Animal models of cardiotoxicity
- Animal models of metabolic syndrome
- Tachycardia-induced animal models
- Genetically modified animal models
- Models of HCM
- Models of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy
- Models of DCM
- Sarcomeric DCM
- Lamin A/C-related DCM
- Ribonucleic acid binding protein 20-related DCM
- Filamin C-related DCM
- Phospholamban-related DCM
- Spontaneously occurring cardiomyopathies in animals
- Mechanical remodeling in HF
- Biophysical changes in HF
- Force spectroscopy to characterize HF pathology
- Fast scanning to characterize the biomechanics of cardiac tissue
- Conclusions
- References
- 2 - Cardiovascular receptors and signaling in heart failure.
- History of adrenergic signaling and the heart
- Translation of basic research into clinical practice
- Advances in our understanding of β-adrenergic signaling: From linearity to cross talk
- β-adrenergic receptor-receptor interactions
- β1 versus β2 signaling: Clinical implications
- Biased signaling via β-arrestin: Clinical implications
- Pharmacogenomics of β-receptors/β-blockers
- Implications for treating children with heart failure
- 3 - Heart failure in the child and young adult: From bench to bedside: Inflammatory mediators in heart failure
- Inflammation in adult heart failure
- Prognosis and biomarkers
- TNF (TNFSF2) and IL-6
- Soluble ST2 (sST2)
- Galectin-3 and Pentraxin-3
- Mechanisms of immune activation
- Myocardial inflammation
- Systemic inflammation
- Contribution of inflammation to the syndrome of heart failure
- Effects on the myocardium
- Effects on the vasculature
- Effects on peripheral tissues
- Clinical trials of immunomodulation
- IL-1 signaling inhibition
- TNF blockade
- Differences between the pediatric and adult heart and immune system
- Macrophages
- Macrophage diversity
- Functions of embryonic and adult macrophages in the heart and periphery
- Macrophage heterogeneity in the failing heart
- Macrophage heterogeneity in peripheral tissues
- T cells
- Implications for pediatric HF
- Remodeling and recovery
- Genetic cardiomyopathies and myocarditis
- 4 - Transcriptional regulation, epigenetic regulation, and transcriptomics of pediatric heart failure
- Transcriptional regulation
- Promoters/enhancers
- Transcription factors
- Epigenetic modifications
- DNA methylation
- Histone modifications and regulation of transcription in health and disease
- Noncoding RNAs and gene expression in health and disease.
- Transcriptomics in heart failure
- Bulk RNA-seq
- Single-nucleus RNA-seq
- Conclusions, limitations, and gaps in knowledge
- 5 - Mechanisms of hypertrophy in heart failure
- Definition and significance of myocardial hypertrophy
- Cellular mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy
- Molecular mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy
- The infant of a diabetic mother
- Ventricular hypertrophy
- Mechanisms of hypertrophy
- Resolution of hypertrophy
- Pulmonary artery banding
- Human studies
- Adult animal models
- Juvenile animal models
- Athlete's heart
- Factors affecting hypertrophy
- Sex
- Race
- Age
- Unique animal model
- 6 - Hemodynamic adaptive mechanisms in heart failure
- Cardiac function
- Stroke volume
- Preload
- Afterload
- Contractility
- Cardiac output/cardiac index
- Diastolic function
- Neurohormonal compensatory mechanisms
- Autonomic nervous system and circulating catecholamines
- Sympathetic nervous system
- Circulating catecholamines
- Parasympathetic nervous system
- Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
- Natriuretic peptides
- Vasopressin
- Endothelin
- Fluid redistribution
- Conclusion
- 7 - Neurohormonal axis and natriuretic peptides in heart failure
- Progressive model of heart failure
- Neurohormonal responses specific to pediatric heart failure
- Components and activation
- Alterations in chronic heart failure
- Pediatric-specific data
- RAAS components
- Angiotensin II and activation of AT1Rs
- Formation of angiotensin II
- Regulation and activation of AT1Rs
- AngII in cardiovascular pathology
- Aldosterone
- Formation of aldosterone and mechanism of action.
- Aldosterone in cardiovascular pathology
- Biochemistry and molecular biology
- Cardiovascular actions
- Renal and central nervous system effects
- Natriuretic peptides in heart failure
- Summary
- 8 - Novel biomarkers in heart failure
- History of the field of cardiac biomarkers
- Recent biomarkers in heart failure
- Biomarkers of Myocyte Stretch
- Biomarkers of myocyte injury
- High-sensitivity cardiac troponin
- Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein
- Glutathione S-transferase P1
- Biomarkers of cardiac remodeling
- Collagen type I alpha-1
- Fibroblast growth factor-23
- Matrix metalloproteinases
- Galectin-3
- Soluble suppression of tumorigenesis-2
- Inflammatory cardiac biomarkers
- Growth differentiation factor-15
- Interleukin-6
- Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
- Neurohormonal activation
- Adrenomedullin
- Copeptin
- Future of pediatric biomarkers
- Further reading
- 9 - Systolic and diastolic function
- Excitation-contraction coupling
- Systolic function
- Pressure-volume loop analysis
- Ventricular function assessment
- Systolic function assessment
- Diastolic function assessment
- 10 - Echocardiographic quantitation of ventricular function
- Background to echocardiographic assessment of ventricular function
- Subjective assessment of function
- Quantitative assessment of ventricular function
- Ejection phase indices
- Geometrical indices
- Ventricular dimensions
- Left ventricular shortening and ejection fraction
- Doppler ejection and timing indices
- Cardiac timing intervals and related measures assessed from Doppler flow
- Tissue Doppler imaging.
- Myocardial strain
- Assessment of regional wall motion abnormalities
- Ventricular dyssynchrony
- Echo assessment of diastolic function
- Atrial strain
- Echo assessment of right ventricular function
- Ultrafast ultrasound
- Machine learning for the assessment of ventricular function
- 11 - MRI assessment of heart failure
- Pediatric examination considerations
- Sedation
- Scanner field strength
- CMR techniques
- Anatomic imaging
- Functional cine imaging
- Noncontrast myocardial characterization
- T2-weighted images
- T2 parametric imaging
- T1 parametric imaging-Noncontrast
- T2∗ parametric images
- Postcontrast gadolinium imaging
- Late gadolinium enhancement
- T1 parametric mapping and extracellular volume fraction imaging-Postcontrast
- Specific diseases
- Neuromuscular diseases
- Ischemic myocardium
- Anderson-Fabry disease
- 12 - Assessment of heart failure by invasive methods
- History
- Current indications
- Hemodynamic evaluation
- Restrictive physiology versus constrictive pericarditis
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension
- Hemodynamic evaluation and mechanical circulatory support
- Hemodynamic evaluation in patients with congenital heart disease
- Endomyocardial biopsy
- Coronary angiography
- Future directions and conclusions
- 13 - The lymphatic system in heart failure
- Development, structure, and function
- Physiology and pathophysiology
- The lymphatic system in the congenital heart defect population
- Lymphatic imaging and interventions
- Indications and outcomes
- Conclusion and future perspectives
- References.
- 14 - Endothelial dysfunction in heart failure in the child and young adult.
- Notes:
- Includes bibliographical references.
- Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.
- ISBN:
- 0-443-13278-X
- 0-443-13279-8
- OCLC:
- 1547929011
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