Effectiveness of Disinfecting Wastewater Treatment Plant Discharges : Case of Chemical Disinfection Using Performic Acid.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Rocher, Vincent, author.

Contributor:

Azimi, Sam.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Water--Purification--Technological innovations.

Water.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (261 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Other Title:

Effectiveness of Disinfecting Wastewater Treatment Plant Discharges

Place of Publication:

London : IWA Publishing, 2021.

Summary:

Preface ContributorsGeneral introductionSection 1: Effectiveness of Chemical Disinfection at the Laboratory ScaleChapter 1: Laboratory scale study of wastewater disinfection by means of PFA and the factors affecting its effectivenessChapter 2: Fecal bacteria regrowth and viability after disinfection with PFAChapter 3: Impact of PFA on organic.

Contents:

Cover

Contents

Preface

Contributors

General introduction

Section 1: Effectiveness of Chemical Disinfection at the Laboratory Scale

Chapter 1: Laboratory scale study of wastewater disinfection by means of PFA and the factors affecting its effectiveness

1.1 INTRODUCTION

1.2 TRIAL METHODS USED AT THE LABORATORY SCALE

1.2.1 PFA preparation method

1.2.1.1 PFA titration method

1.2.1.2 Decay kinetics at different temperatures of PFA produced at the laboratory scale

1.2.1.3 Description of an experimental PFA disinfection method at the laboratory scale

1.3 COMPARISON OF PFA DISINFECTION EFFECTIVENESS WITH OTHER CHEMICALS

1.3.1 Description of the experiments performed

1.3.1.1 Effectiveness of PFA, PAA and hypochlorite on SEV WWTP discharge

1.4 INFLUENCE OF PFA DOSE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FECAL BACTERIA REMOVAL

1.4.1 Description of the experiments performed on SEV WWTP discharge

1.4.1.1 Chart of PFA effectiveness for the SEV WWTP discharge

1.5 INFLUENCE OF WWTP DISCHARGE QUALITY ON FECAL BACTERIA REMOVAL

1.5.1 Normalization of the PFA effectiveness to the SEV WWTP discharge quality

1.5.2 Investigation of the role of TSS in the variability of PFA effectiveness

1.5.2.1 Description of the specific experiments performed to investigate the role of TSS

1.5.2.2 Effectiveness of PFA disinfection at increasing TSS concentration in SEV WWTP discharge

1.6 IMPACT OF PFA APPLICATION IN PARTIALLY TREATED WASTEWATER ON PFA DOSE REQUIREMENTS

1.6.1 Description of disinfection experiments performed in raw and settled wastewater

1.6.2 PFA effectiveness in removing fecal bacteria in raw and settled wastewater

1.7 PFA EFFECTIVENESS IN REMOVING OTHER MICROORGANISMS

Key Points

Chapter 2: Fecal bacteria regrowth and viability after disinfection with PFA

2.1 INTRODUCTION.

2.2 EXPERIMENTAL DESCRIPTION

2.2.1 Fecal bacteria regrowth after PFA disinfection

2.2.2 Viability tests

2.3 RESULTS

2.3.1 Regrowth kinetics

2.3.2 Fecal bacteria viability after disinfection with PFA

Key points

Chapter 3: Impact of PFA on organic matter and post-injection consequences

3.1 INTRODUCTION

3.2 IMPACT OF PFA ON THE SOLUBLE ORGANIC MATRIX

3.2.1 Increase in dissolved organic carbon concentration

3.2.2 Modifications to dissolved organic matter quality, as monitored by 3D fluorescence spectroscopy

3.2.2.1 Experimental description

3.2.2.2 Results

3.3 STUDY OF PFA INSTABILITY AFTER INJECTION

3.3.1 PFA degradation kinetics in WWTP discharge and surface water

3.3.1.1 Experimental description

3.3.1.2 Long-term degradation kinetics in WWTP discharge and surface water

3.3.1.3 Short-term degradation kinetics in WWTP discharge in the presence of fecal bacteria

3.3.2 Analysis and fate of PFA degradation byproducts

Chapter 4: The fate of micropollutants and byproduct formation during the disinfection of WWTP discharge by PFA

4.1 INTRODUCTION

4.2 TARGETED SCREENING OF DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS

4.2.1 Experimental description

4.2.2 Adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) analysis

4.2.3 Halogenated DBP analysis

4.2.4 N-nitrosamine analysis

4.2.5 Impact of PFA on AOX and halogenated DBP formation in WWTP discharge

4.2.6 Impact of PFA on N-nitrosamine formation in WWTP discharge

4.3 NON-TARGETED INVESTIGATION OF MICROPOLLUTANTS DURING PFA DISINFECTION

4.3.1 Experimental description

4.3.2 Suspect screening

4.3.3 Fate of micropollutants: bulk characterization by non-targeted screening

4.3.4 Identification and fate of micropollutants characterized by suspect screening

Key points.

Section 2: Effectiveness of the Chemical Disinfection Process at Full Scale (Seine Valenton WWTP)

Chapter 1: Technical description of the industrial trials conducted at Seine Valenton WWTP

1.2 PRESENTATION OF THE SEINE VALENTON WWTP

1.3 PRESENTATION OF PFA DISINFECTION BY APPLICATION OF THE KEMIRA KEMCONNECT DEX TECHNOLOGY

1.4 DESIGN OF THE INDUSTRIAL-SCALE TRIALS

1.4.1 Applicable PFA disinfection conditions

1.4.2 Sampling methodology

1.5 ANALYTICAL PARAMETERS MONITORED

Chapter 2: In situ monitoring of fecal bacteria at the Seine Valenton WWTP using ALERT rapid microbiology instrumentation (Fluidion®)

2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.2 EXPERIMENTAL DESCRIPTION

2.2.1 Description of the ALERT technology

2.2.2 Laboratory reference method

2.2.3 Study design

2.3 RESULTS OF A SIDE-BY-SIDE LABORATORY COMPARISON

2.4 COMPARISON OF IN SITU RESULTS ON WWTP EFFLUENT DISINFECTION

Chapter 3: Effectiveness of PFA disinfection implemented at full scale (Seine Valenton WWTP)

3.2 EFFECTIVENESS OF PFA DISINFECTION APPLIED TO SEV WWTP DISCHARGE

3.2.1 Fecal bacteria removal achieved during the industrial-scale trials at SEV WWTP

3.2.2 Daily variations in fecal bacteria concentrations and impact on the PFA disinfection effectiveness

3.2.2.1 Evaluation of hourly PFA disinfection performance

3.2.2.2 Focus on key operating parameters

3.2.3 Impact of PFA on other types of pathogens

3.2.4 Influence of WWTP effluent quality on fecal bacteria removal

3.2.4.1 Impact of SEV WWTP treatment degradation on disinfection effectiveness

3.2.4.2 Normalization of PFA effectiveness to the SEV WWTP discharge quality

3.3 MATHEMATICAL CORRELATION

3.3.1 Model construction and validation

3.3.2 Main results.

3.4 INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PFA AND THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL QUALITY OF SEV WWTP DISCHARGE

3.4.1 Impact of PFA on conventional quality parameters

3.4.2 Production of disinfection byproducts caused by PFA

Section 3: Assessment of the Eco-Toxicological Effects of Disinfection Processes on the Seine River

Chapter 1: Description of the biological models used to monitor water quality

1.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE BIOLOGICAL PANELS USED TO ASSESS GENERAL TOXICITY

1.1.1 General toxicity in the bacterial model

1.1.2 General toxicity in the yeast model

1.1.3 General toxicity in the fungal model

1.1.4 Statement of results

1.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE BIOLOGICAL PANELS USED TO ASSESS ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION

1.2.1 Description of biological panels

1.2.2 Physiological states of applied biological models

1.2.3 Statement of results

Chapter 2: Biological models applied to the case of chemical disinfection using PFA

2.1 TOXICITY ASSESSMENT AT THE LABORATORY SCALE

2.1.1 Description of the experimental approach

2.1.2 Estimation of general toxicity

2.1.2.1 General toxicity in the bacterial model

2.1.2.2 General toxicity in the yeast model

2.1.2.3 General toxicity in the fungal model

2.1.3 Estimation of endocrine disruption

2.1.3.1 Thyroid disruption

2.1.3.2 Estrogenic disruption

2.1.3.3 Androgenic disruption

2.2 TOXICITY ASSESSMENT AT THE INDUSTRIAL SCALE

2.2.1 Estimation of general toxicity in the Seine River

2.2.1.1 Bacterial tests

2.2.1.2 Yeast tests

2.2.1.3 Fungal tests

2.2.2 Estimation of endocrine disruption in the Seine River

2.2.2.1 Thyroid disruption

2.2.2.2 Estrogenic disruption

Section 4: Feedback from other Municipalities on the use of Chemical Disinfection with PFA

Chapter 1: Case of Biarritz (France)

1.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS.

1.2.1 Presentation of the Marbella WWTP

1.2.2 Sampling points and bacteria removal determination

1.2.3 Evaluation of the environmental impact of disinfected effluent

1.2.3.1 Ecological inventory at the outfall of the WWTP discharge pipe

1.2.3.2 Monitoring of a bio-indicator: common mold

1.3 EFFECTIVENESS OF FECAL BACTERIA DISINFECTION

1.4 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE DISINFECTED EFFLUENT

1.4.1 Ecological inventory at the outfall of the WWTP discharge pipe

1.4.2 Monitoring of a bio-indicator: common mold

1.4.2.1 Morphological parameters

1.4.2.2 Genetic analysis

Chapter 2: Case of Venice (Italy)

2.1.1 The initial context

2.1.2 Disinfection methods in VERITAS

2.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.2.1 Studies and the WWTPs

2.2.2 Sampling methods

2.2.3 Data processing

2.3.1 Experimental set-up

2.3.2 Effectiveness

2.3.3 Reuse goal

2.3.4 Compliance over time

2.3.5 Quality impacts

2.3.6 Protection outcomes and economic evaluations

General conclusion

References

List of Figures

List of Tables.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.