Emerging Technologies to Combat Biotic Stress in Crop Plants and Food Security / Anirban Bhar, editors.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Bhar, Anirban, editor.

Series:

Agriculture issues and policies.

Agriculture Issues and Policies Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Food security.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (372 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., [2023]

Summary:

"This book provides comprehensive knowledge and recent advancements in biotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Despite this, it also focuses on the relevance of these advancements in securing food for the future. Rapid population outburst along with the significant reduction in agricultural fields across the globe embarks a serious threat to meet the need for the foods for the future. Yield loss due to biotic ingression makes the situation more complicated. Rapid climate change also has altered pathogenesis in many common crop plants. In this regard, a systematic and comprehensive approach is urgently necessary for sustainable agricultural developments. The biotic stress tolerance in crop plants is distinct from that of model plants hence, demands more priority. Host-microbe interaction is a very interesting branch of research in plant science. Although many host-microbe systems had extensively been studied, the systematic assemblage of the same with crop plants is largely obscured. Additionally, the implication of all these techniques in employing food security of the mass is again scarce. Given the above, the present book tries to fill the gap of knowledge to facilitate the "lab-to-land transition" of the same. The chapters are designed to cover all the aspects related to crop plant biotic stress tolerance mechanism in the light of modern biotechnology and the implication of the same in food security. The in-depth information provided in different chapters not only improves knowledge in biotic stress in crop plants but endow future research in this field also"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Foreword

Preface

Chapter 1

The Biotic Stress Tolerance of Crop Plants: The Role of Plant Tissue Culture in the Modern Age

Abstract

1. Introduction

1.1. Biotic Stress of Crops: A Problem for Agriculture

1.2. Importance of Plant Tissue Culture in Plant Biology

2. Biotic Stress Factors and Their Impact on Crop Plants

2.1. Significance of Biotic Stressors with a Historical Perspective

2.2. Types of Biotic Stress

2.3. Strategies to Control Biotic Stress

3. Tissue Culture and Its Significance in Crop Plants

3.1. Clonal Propagation

3.2. Callus Culture

3.3. Protoplast Culture and Somatic Hybridization

3.4. Meristem Culture

3.5. Somaclonal Variation

3.6. Embryo Rescue

3.7. Transgenic Raising

4. Modern Approach towards Generating Biotic Stress Tolerance by In Vitro Selection

4.1. Selection of In Vitro Plants to Improve Disease Resistance

4.2 Characterization of Disease-Resistant Plants during In Vitro Selection

4.3. In Vitro Plant Selection to Improve Resistance to Insects and Nematodes

5. Role of Tissue Culture in Haploid Culture

6. Role of Tissue Culture in Germplasm Conservation

7. Role of Plant Growth Regulators under In Vitro Conditions

Conclusion

References

Chapter 2

The Engrossing Story of Fungal Effectors in Plant-Microbe Interactions

2. Types of Fungal Effector Proteins

3. Discovery of Effector Proteins in Fungal Pathogen

4. Functional Characterization of Fungal Effectors

5. Fusarium oxysporum Species Complex: The Major Vascular Wilt Causing Fungi

6. Role of Effectors in Disease Management

Chapter 3

Xanthomonas: Mechanistic Insights into Host-Pathogen Interactions

2. Genome Diversity and Host Specificity.

3. Dispersal and Transmission

4. Epiphytic Interactions

5. Survival against Stresses

6. Attachment and Biofilm Formation

7. Bacterial Chemotaxis and Motility

8. Light-Driven Regulation and Lifestyle Changes

9. Quorum Sensing

10. Virulence-Associated Factors

10.1. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)

10.2. Xanthan

10.3. Adhesins

10.4. Secretion Systems

11. Iron Homeostasis

Chapter 4

Insect Transmission of Plant Viruses: Lectins as Potent Controlling Agents

2. Mechanism of Persistent, Circulative Transmission of Plant Viruses

3. Lectins

3.1. Plant Lectins

3.1.1. Legume Lectins

3.1.2. GNA- Related Lectins (Previously Known as Monocot Mannose Binding Lectins)

4. Transgenic Expression of GNA-Related Lectins

5. Mode of Action of Lectins

6. Lectins' Role in Viral Transmission Inhibition

7. Future Perspective

Acknowledgments

Chapter 5

Disentangling the Minutiae of Plant Nematode Crosstalk: Present Understanding versus Future Challenges

2. Plant Parasitic Nematodes (PPNs) Still a Problem for Agricultural Production

3. PPNs: A Brief Account on Their Parasitic Life Cycle

3.1. Life Cycle of RKNs

3.2. Life Cycle of Cyst Nematodes

4. Host-Nematode Interaction : A Complicated Crosstalk

4.1. NAMP (Nematode Associated Molecular Pattern)-Host Interaction

the Initial Encounter

4.2. Nematode Effector Proteins in Producing 'Parasitome'

4.3. Offence and/or Defense? A Tight Knit Signaling Tug of War between Nematode and Host Decides the Fate of Battle

5. What Are the External Factors Modulating the Host-Parasite Dialogue ?

6. Bio-Management Strategies Holding Good Promise

Chapter 6.

Requisiteness of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Plant-Microbe Interactions

2. ROS Management

3. ROS Induction during Plant-Pathogen Interaction

4. ROS-Signature Kinetics during Interactions with Beneficial-Microorganism

Acknowledgements

Chapter 7

How Crop Plants Tolerate Biotic Stresses: The Significance of DNA Damage and Epigenetics

2. Types of Plant Pathogens, Pests, and the Emergence of Plant Pathogens

3. Plant Pathogen Interaction

3.1. Plant-Pathogen Interaction Is Mediated by Several Factors

3.2. Plant-Pathogen Interaction Leads to the Production of Effector Molecules

4. Yield Loss due to Association of Pathogen with Crop Plants

5. A Mechanism Based on Tolerance to Biotic Stress

5.1. Approach based on DNA damage

5.1.1. DNA Damage Is Caused by the Plant Pathogen

5.1.2. Playing a Dual Role by DNA Damage Response (DDR): Maintaining Genome Stability and Providing Immunity to Pathogen Infection

5.2. Epigenetic Control of Biotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants

5.2.1. DNA Methylation

5.2.2. Histone Acetylation/Deacetylation

5.2.3. Histone Demethylation/Methylation

5.2.4. Histone Ubiquitination

5.2.5. Histone Remodelling Complex

5.2.6. Epigenetic Control: Plant Defense Priming?

6. Strategies for Biotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants Based on DNA Damage and Epigenetics

6.1. Application of Extracellular Fragmented DNA (eDNA)

6.2. Incorporation of Genes Related to DDR Having Resistance Properties in Crop Plants by Genetic Engineering Method

6.3. Epigenetic Modification of Pathogen by Host Microbiome

6.4. Epigenetic Modification by Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS)

6.5. Epigenetic Modification by Chemical Treatment

6.6. CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Knock Out

7. Future Outlook.

Conclusion

Chapter 8

Genomics of Parasitic Plants That Are a Threat to Agriculture: Recent Developments and Future Strategies

2. Impact of Parasitic Plants on Agricultural Productivity in India and Elsewhere

3. Sequencing Parasitic Plant Genomes to Reveal Important Aspects of Parasitism

4. Divergent Evolutionary Trend for Chlorophyll and Photosynthesis-Related Genes in Different Lineages of Parasitic Plants

5. Presence of Strigolactone (SL) Biosynthetic Genes in Parasitic Plant Genome

6. Exchange of mRNAs between Host and Parasitic Plants

7. Exchange of Small RNAs between Host and Parasitic Plant

8. Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) between Host and Parasitic Plants

8.1. HGT in the Mitochondrial Genome

8.2. HGT in the Plastid Genome

8.3. HGT in the Nuclear Genome

9. Biotechnological Improvements Against Parasitic Plants Attack

Chapter 9

Rhizobacterial Interactions in Crop Legumes with Relevance to the Enhancement of Biotic Stress Tolerance Imparting Food Security

1.1. Global Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture

2. Crop Legumes in Food Security and Human Health

2.1. Legumes as Phytoresource with Multiple Benefits: A Brief Review

2.2. Stress and Legumes: Risk towards Imparting Food Security

2.2.1. Abiotic Stressors

2.2.2. Biotic Stressors

3. Plant- Microbe Interaction

3.1. Legume Root and Rhizosphere Alliance

3.2. Rhizobiome and PGPR Classification

4. Growth Promoting Mechanisms of Rhizobacteria

4.1. Direct Mechanism

4.1.1. Fixation of Biological Nitrogen

4.1.2. Solubilization of Phosphorus

4.1.3. Uptake and Solubilization of Potassium

4.1.4. Solubilization of Zinc and Other Micro Elements

4.1.5. Siderophore Production.

4.1.6. Plant Hormone or Plant Growth Regulator Synthesis

4.2. Indirect Mechanism

5. Role of Rhizobacterial Interactions in Crop Legumes to Combat Biotic Stress

Chapter 10

Nanoparticles in Developing Plant Tolerance against Biotic Stress

2. Nanoparticles (NPs)

3. Types of NPs

3.1. Carbon-Based NPs

3.2. Ceramic NPs

3.3. Metal NPs

3.4. Semiconductor NPs

3.5. Polymeric NPs

3.6. Lipid-Based NPs

4. Nanotechnology and Its Interrelation with NPs

5. Mechanism of Action of NPs on Various Microbes

6. Application of NPs in the Management of Biotic Stress in Plants

6.1. Effect of NPs on Plant Pathogenic Fungi

6.1.1. Silver NPs

6.1.2. Zinc NPs

6.1.3. Sulfur NPs

6.1.4. Copper and Silica NPs

6.2. Effect of NPs on Bacteria

6.2.1. Silver NPs

6.2.2. Zinc NPs

6.2.3. Copper NPs

6.2.4. Iron, Magnesium, Nickel and Silica NPs

7. Detection of Phytopathogen Using NPs

8. Nano Pesticides in Biotic Stress Management

9. Toxicity and Biosafety of NPs

Chapter 11

Biosafety Issues in Biotic Stress-Tolerant Plants: The Two-Edged Sword

2. Biotic Stress in Plants

3. Biotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

3.1. Plant Immunity Resistance Response

4. Biosafety Parameters &amp

Stress Tolerant Plants

4.1. Biosafety Legislations

4.2. Biosafety Events in Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

4.3. Biosafety and Agriculture

4.4. Biosafety Issues

4.4.1. Ecological Issues of Genetically Modified Crops

4.4.2. Nonspecific Mutations and Its Adverse Effects

4.4.3. Mixing of Gene Pool

5. Risk Management and Need for GMCs

Index

About the Editors

Blank Page.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Other Format:

Print version: Bhar, Anirban Emerging Technologies to Combat Biotic Stress in Crop Plants and Food Security

ISBN:

979-88-911-3137-8