Woodlands : ecology, management and threats / Ian D. Rotherham (editor).

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Rotherham, Ian D., editor.

Series:

Wildlife Protection, Destruction and Extinction Series

Wildlife protection, destruction and extinction

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Forest ecology.

Forest conservation.

Forest management.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (358 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

New York, NY : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., [2024]

Summary:

"Woodlands: Ecology, Management and Threats brings together key authors and researchers to address issues around the understanding of treescapes, woodlands, and forests, and both recognition and protection. Critical issues are raised in terms of the lack of guidance on matters such as irreplaceable woodland heritage and associated biodiversity. The identification and ageing of hitherto unrecognized ancient trees are discussed in detail"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Preamble and Introduction

An overview of the book

Contributions include chapters on the following topics:

Chapter 1

Issues and Problems for the Conservation of Heritage and Archaeology in Ancient Woods

Abstract

Introduction

Woodlands as Cultural Landscapes

Woodlands as Leisurely Landscapes

Growing Awareness

Methodologies

A Brief Consideration of British Treescapes and Woodland History

Woods

Wood-Pastures

Scrub

Woodland Vegetation Ecology

Ecological Architect Species Both Present and Absent

British Woodland and Forest Management

Working Woods and Other Treescapes

Site Management in Relation to Ecology, Archaeology and Heritage

Results: Case-Studies of Woodland Management and Heritage Issues

Case-Study 1. Greno Wood, Sheffield (SK33 95)

Case-Study 2. Whitwell Wood, North Derbyshire (SK52 78)

Case-Study 3. Hardwick Wood, Clumber Park, Nottinghamshire (SK63 76)

Case-Study 4. Moss Valley Woods, North Derbyshire (SK37 80)

Case-Study 5. Rough Standhills, Whirlow, Sheffield (SK2983)

Some Observations from the Case-Studies

The Woodland Archaeology and Heritage Resources

Woodland Heritage Timelines

Woodland Heritage Conservation and Management

The Lessons of History and Their Relevance to Eco-Cultural Heritage

Lost Woods, Ghosts, and Shadows

A Question of Balance

Identification of Cultural Heritage and Archaeological Features

Marking of Features

Implementing Management Operations

Natural Regeneration, Non-Intervention, and Rewilding

To Intervene or Not

Conclusion

On-Going Issues and Problems

Disclaimer

References

Chapter 2

Ancient Woodland in England: Historical Perspectives on a 'Natural' Habitat

Abbreviations

The Origins of Primary Woodland

The Impact of Management.

'Ancient' and 'Recent' Woodland

Discussion and Conclusion

Chapter 3

Threatened Woodlands and Wood-Pasture Habitats

Historical Change

Ancient Trees within Landscaped Parks

Woodland Management

Later Changes

Conclusions: Post-Twentieth-Century Landscape Pressure and the Input of Ecologists

Chapter 4

Silvicultural Restoration after Forest Fires in Western and Southern Mediterranean Regions of Turkey

Introduction: Post-Fire Silvicultural Restoration Planning in the Mediterranean Region

Methods

Forest Vegetation in Mediterranean Turkey

Fire as a Main Driver in Vegetation Composition in the Mediterranean Region

Assessment of the Burnt Areas

Goals of Silvicultural Restoration

Restoration Activities

Short-Term Restoration Activities

Long-Term Restoration Activities

Monitoring and Research

The First Post-Fire Silvicultural Restoration Experiences in Turkey

Chapter 5

A Historical-Geographic Approach to a Disappearing Alpine Landscape: Larch Wood-Pastures and Meadows in Trentino (Italy) Between the Eighteenth and the Twentieth Centuries

The Ecological Features of European Larch

Cartographic Filtering and History of Forest Extension

Archival Sources Regarding Disputes and the Relationship Between Property Systems and Environmental Resources

Concluding Remarks

Chapter 6

Hedgerows and Historical Landscape Ecology

What is a Hedgerow?

The History and Ecology of Hedgerows in the Landscape

How to Survey Hedgerows

Which Hedgerows to Survey?

How Much of the Hedgerow to Survey?

[S]pecies Recording

[P]osition Recording

[A]bundance Recording.

Historic Marker Species

Survey Outputs

Level 2

Level 3

Species-Richness

Signatures

Species Signatures

Combination Signatures

Entrapped Hedgerows

Wilding Hedgerows

Carbon Sequestration

Replica Historical Hedgerows

Conclusion: Hedgerows for the Future

Chapter 7

Evidencing Change and Continuity in Woodland Landscapes

The Nature of Ancient Woodland

Methodology

Evidencing Ancient Woodlands and the Use of Indicators

Impacts of Coppice Management

Woodland Recognition and Origins

Tree Form and Growth as Evidence of Antiquity and Continuity

The Importance of Ancient and Veteran Trees in Woodland

New Guidance on Ageing Ancient and Veteran Trees

Ageing Ancient and Veteran Trees

Pioneering Research on Ageing Oak Coppice Stools

Soils and Sediments

Emerging Woodland Paradigms

New Conceptual Frameworks

Ancient Woodland Status and Woodland Type

An Evidence-Based Model Derived from Rotherham (2011 &amp

2017)

Coppice and Clones

Holly as an Overlooked Veteran Tree

Acknowledgments

Chapter 8

Understanding Tree Ecology as a More Reliable Basis for Promoting the Conservation of Endangered Saproxylic Invertebrates - The Significance of Open-Grown Conditions

Open-Grown vs Close-Grown Trees

Lateral Branches as the Origin of Rot-Hole Habitat

Heartwood Decay

Case Studies of Tree Ecology in the Modern Lowland British Landscape

Windsor Forest

Herefordshire Hedgerow Landscape

Wye Gorge

Chapter 9

The Wood Anatomy of Silver Fir: Providing Information on Past Forest Management

Regular Wood Anatomy

Tree Rings

Special Tissue

Branches - Epicormic Buds.

Conclusion: Forest (Pre)History at the Hallstatt Salt Mines

Chapter 10

Historical Woodland Ecology: Through the Lens of Ancient Trees and Botanical Indicators

Introduction and Context

What is an Ancient Wood?

The Values of Ancient Woodlands

Indicators of Ancient or Antique Woodland

Research Methodology

Evidencing Ancient Woodlands and Treescapes, and the Use of Indicators

Ancient Woodland Inventories

Robust Methodologies for Site Evaluations

Intelligent Interrogation

Establishing the Significance of Ancient and Veteran Trees in Woodland and Treescapes

Veteran Trees and Ancient Woods

An Emerging Paradigm for the Assessment and Recognition of Ancient Trees and Ancient Woodland

Defining and Describing Treescapes

Woodland and Treescapes

Lost Woods

Ghost Woods

Shadow Woods

Lost Woods and Shadows

National Planning Policy Framework and Subsequent Reviews in England

A Case-Study of the Owlthorpe Woodlands, Sheffield

Evidence for Ancient Woodland in this Case-Study Site at Owlthorpe Sheffield

Context and Ecological Issues Arising

Case-Study Issues Arising

National Planning Policy Framework

Chapter 11

An Assessment of the Form and Shape of Ancient Coppice Stools

Which Species Generate Ancient Coppice Stools?

Abundance of Ancient Coppice Stools in Woodlands

Size and Age of Ancient Coppice Stools

Stool Heads

Microhabitats of Ancient Coppice Stools

Chapter 12

Ancient Coppice Woodlands in the Czech Republic's Landscape: A Case-Study

Coppicing

Coppicing in Europe

Ancient Coppice Woodlands

Czech Republic

South Moravian Region.

Results from South Moravian Region

Discussion

Chapter 13

The Value of Different Tree and Shrub Species to Wildlife

Defining the Wildlife of Trees and Shrubs

Constructing a Simple Presentation of the Information

Mycorrhizal Fungi

Wood Decay Fungi

Wood Decay Invertebrates

Species-Richness of Foliage Invertebrates

Biomass of Foliage Invertebrates

Leaf Litter

Blossom

Fruits and Seeds

Epiphytic Lichens, Mosses, and Ferns

Birds and Bats

Longevity

Chapter 14

Oaks, Acorns, and Jays: Three Reasons for Replacing Europe's Conventional Oak Silviculture with Woodmanship and Corvid-Generated Groves

Oaks &amp

Corvids

The Oak in European Woodland

Reason 1. Oak regeneration: 'Artificial' vs. 'Natural'

Reason 2. Making Timber Stands Out of 'Free Rider' Opportunist Trees

Reason 3. Variegated Treed Landscapes Offer More Options for Our Uncertain Future than Do Dense Forests

'Shadow Woods' &amp

'Lost Landscapes'

Conclusions and Recommendations

Chapter 15

Reconstructing Evidence for Relict Ancient Woodlands from Ecological Indicators and Archival Sources: A Case-Study Approach

Background to the Study Area

South Pennine and Dark Peak Woodlands

Fuel Economy and the Countryside

Ancient Woods Origins

Ancient Woodland Indicators

Plant Ecological Indicators and Identification of Ancient Woodlands

The Ecological Niche and Regional Lists

Pollution Tolerators and Survivors in Degraded Landscapes

Identifying the Sites

The Wooded Commons

Archival and Map-Based Evidence

Reading the Landscape.

An Evidence-Based Interpretation of the Relict Woodlands of the South Pennines and Dark Peak.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

Other Format:

Print version: Rotherham, Ian D. Woodlands: Ecology, Management and Threats

ISBN:

979-88-911-3307-5