Advanced interviewing techniques : proven strategies for law enforcement, military, and security personnel / by senior author John Schafer, Ph.D., FBI Special Agent (Ret.), National Security Division, Behavior Analysis Program and Joe Navarro, M.A., FBI Special Agent (Ret.), National Security Division, Behavior Analysis Program.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Schafer, Jack, 1954- author.

Navarro, Joe, 1953- author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Police questioning.

Military interrogation.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (261 pages)

Edition:

Fourth edition.

Other Title:

Proven Strategies for Law Enforcement, Military, and Security Personnel.

Place of Publication:

Springfield, IL : Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Limited, 2023.

Summary:

"Law enforcement officers face difficult challenges in light of the new social environment in which they must work. With additional public scrutiny on police tactics and interviewing methods, new techniques must be developed to address the changing political and social landscape. Interviewing and interrogating methods must change in concert with the increased focus on community policing and the public demand to take a softer approach to interviewing and interrogation. The new edition of this book presents positive interviewing techniques to conduct less intrusive, non-threatening interviews and interrogations without forfeiting investigative integrity. Positive interviewing techniques focus on rapport building, which serves as the keystone for successful interviews and interrogations. Suspects and witnesses who like the people who are interviewing them are more likely to confess or provide information of value. Positive interviewing relies on psychological principles instead of threats and coercion to obtain needed information. The psychological principles presented in this book derive from proven psychological research and have been proven effective in the field. As with the previous book editions, this edition was written with working professionals in mind and contains advanced interviewing techniques. Some basic topics emphasized in other interviewing books will not be addressed. This book was designed as a quick reference guide rather than a comprehensive manual. The enhanced outline format of the text and the extended Table of Contents provide for easy reference, reading, and comprehension. The marketplace is replete with interviewing books and manuals; however, quickly locating information buried in thick manuscripts is costly and time-consuming. The style of this book is consistent with the manner in which law enforcement officers like to receive information: quickly, authoritatively, and to the point"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Intro

ADVANCED INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

PREFACE

INTRODUCTION

CONTENTS

Chapter 1 Planning the Interview

Selecting the Interviewer

Number of Interviewers

The Advantages of a Second Interviewer

Using the Second Interviewer to Test for Veracity

Age of the Interviewer

Gender of the Interviewer(s)

Interview Objectives

Confession

Lead Information

Informant Development

Gathering Intelligence

The Interview as Theater

Time of Day to Conduct an Interview

Morning

Afternoon

Evening

The Interview Venue

Police Station

Interviewee's Workspace

Interviewee's Residence

Automobile

Restaurant

Videotaping Interviews

Note Taking

The Learning Curve

Chapter 2 The Interview Setting

Physical Space

Obstacles

Chair Placement within a Room

Individual Chair Placement

Males

Females

Chair Configuration

Chair Configuration to Gain Cooperation

Chair Configuration to Reward or Reprimand

Chair Configuration to Assess Anxiety

Chair Configuration to Maximize Reading Nonverbal Cues

Chair Placement for a Second Interviewer

Chair Placement for a Third Party

Chapter 3 Props

Certificates and Awards

File Cabinets

Documents

Case Files

Security Camera

Photographs

A Coconspirator

Telephone Call

Signed Statements Almost

Henry's Tick-Tock Clock

Chapter 4 Assessing theInterviewee

Social Indices

Clothing

Briefcase

Office Space

Office Location

Desk Configurations

Residential Space1

Physical Stature

Age

Children

Teenagers

Elderly

Culture and Ethnicity

American Indians

Arabs and Muslims

Drug-dependent Persons

Personality Disorders and Mental Illness

The Narcissist

The Schizophrenic.

The Antisocial Personality and Psychopaths

The Histrionic

The Paranoid

Chapter 5 EstablishingDominance

I. The Controlled Interview Environment

Controlling Time

Controlling Space

The Last Person Standing

Refreshments

Principle of Reciprocity

Predisposition to Talk Over Food

Controlling the Interview Agenda

Controlling the Interview Pace

Controlling Height

Establish a Parent/Child Relationship

II. Uncontrolled Interview Environments

Walk the Walk

Seating Arrangements

Chair Selection

Repositioning Furniture

Fully Occupy the Furniture

Invading Private Office Space

Usurping Space

The Waiting Game

Busy Work

Departing the Interviewee's Office

Chapter 6 Rapport

I. Building Rapport

Smiling

The Eyebrow Flash

The Head Tilt

Names and Formal Titles

Conversational Encouragers

Head Nodding

Verbal Nudges

Mirror Feelings

The Handshake

Firmness

Duration

Style of Presentation

Eye Contact

Body Position

The Assertive Handshake

Primacy Effect

Third-Party Introductions

Self-Introductions

Open Posture

Emotional Flooding

Interviewing Victims of Violent Crimes

Seeking Common Ground

Contemporaneous Experience

Temporal Experiences

Vicarious Experiences

Mirroring Gestures (Isopraxism)

Cross Matching

Mirroring Language

Determining Dominant Language Medium

Hearing

Sight

Touch

Smell

Taste

Mirror Speech Rhythm

Mirror Breathing

Mirror Dress

Touching

Ask a Favor

Flattery

Allow People to Flatter Themselves

Self-Disclosure

Building Rapport with Victims

Secondary Victimization

II. Testing for Rapport

Mirroring Gestures

Head Tilting

Breathing

Barriers

Cup Positioning

Setting Rapport Traps.

Make Interviewees Feel Good About Themselves

Get a Commitment to Tell the Truth

Anchoring the Message

Arrestee's Psychological Timeline

Chapter 7 MirandaWarnings

Perception of Control

Do You Think I Need a Lawyer?

Miranda Waiver

Chapter 8 DetectingDeception

A Two-Stage Process

Guilty Knowledge or Guilty Action

Truth Forms a Comprehensive Whole

Liars Described

Detection Apprehension

But I Told You the Truth

The Four-Domain Model of Detecting Deception

1. Comfort/Discomfort

Removing Obstacles

Cues Indicating Discomfort

Fidgeting

Flash-Frozen

Desire to Leave

Distancing Behaviors

Blocking

Other Gestures That Signal Discomfort

Touching the Head

The Eyes

Eye Blink Rate

2. Emphasis

Gesturing for Emphasis

Gravity Defying Gestures

Lack of Emphasis

3. Synchrony

Head Movements

Spatial-Temporal Synchrony

4. Perception Management

Summary of the Four Domain Model of Deception

Induced Cognitive Load to Detect Deception

Chapter 9 Detecting DeceptionUsing the Polygraph*

The Polygraph Monitors Physiological Responses

Consequences to Lying

Responses Recorded by Polygraph

Accuracy of Polygraph

Meeting between Polygraph Examiner and Investigator

Phases of the Polygraph

Pre-test Phase

In-test Phase

Post-test Interview

Miranda Rights

Admissions with Polygraph

Chapter 10 NonverbalBehavior

Proxemics

Territorial Displays

Sitting Displays

Stance

Staring

Posture

Attire

Symbols and Emblems

Eyes

Eye Blocking

Eyelid Flutter

Eye Rolling

Eye Blink

Eye Pointing

Lips

The Lip Purse

The Lip Bite

Lip Compression

Mouth Quiver

Throat Clearing

Facial Touching

Hand to Neck

Hand to Cheek

Hand to Chest

Suprasternal Notch

Palms Up.

Interlaced Fingers

Partial Smiles

Arm Block

Hand on Armrests

Illustrators

Pacifying Gestures

Grooming and Preening

Crossed Legs

Feet Pointing

Jittery Feet

Assurance and Confidence

Emphatic Gestures

Body Inclination

First Look

Cognitive Load

Chapter 11 Verbal Clues toDeception

I. Clues to Detect Deception

Convince or Convey

Be a Skeptic

Positive Verbal and Nonverbal Signals

Negative Verbal and Nonverbal Signals

Converting a Positive Statement

Verb Tense

Passive Voice

Future in the Past

Little Words Can Signal Big Lies

Um and Uh

You Know

Right

I Mean

Like

This/That Trap

Prepositions

Articles

Pronouns

We

My

Introjections

Indirect Answers

Speech Interrupters

Contractions

Voice Pitch

Details

Negative Events

Text Bridges

Spontaneous Negations

Word Qualifiers

Push-Pull Words

Word Echo

Stalling Ploys

Repeating the Question

Delaying Phrases

Loss of Memory

II. Testing the Truth

Process of Elimination

Testing an Alibi

Detecting Deception Using Drawings and Sketches

An Innovative Technique to Detect Deception.

Poor Person's Polygraph

Why Should I Believe You?

The Parallel Lie

Forced Response

Land of Is

Well …

Three Subtle Questions to Detect Deception

Assessment Question 1

Assessment Question 2

Assessment Question 3

Chapter 12 The Art ofQuestioning

Purpose of Questions

Basic Interrogators

"Wh" Questions

Seek Longer Responses

Get Suspects to Realize the Extent of the Problem

Get People to Open Up

Presumptive Questions

Questions That Confirm Previously Known Information

Declarative Questions

Emphatic Question

Polar Questions

Quickly Provide Facts

Obtain Additional Information.

Allow Interviewers to Maintain Control of the Interview

Test for Understanding

Test for Veracity

Tag Questions

Empathic presumptive statements

Empathic Conditional

Bait Question

Chapter 13 The InterviewingTool Box

Pressure

Patience

Silence

Set High Expectations

Establish a Pattern of Answering Questions

Storytelling

Twenty Questions

Teacher/Student Relationship

Confession by a Hundred Admissions

Probe and Excuse

Ethical Trap

Fill in the Dots

Presumptive

Accepting Possibilities

You Choose

Teach Me

Micro-Action Interview

Pencils Have Erasers

Now or Never

Us Against Them

Get the Interviewee to Request a Polygraph Examination

Everybody Makes Mistakes

Persuade-Don't Negotiate

Created Power

Implicit Communication

Tell a Secret

The Ambush

When It Rains, It Pours

Re-interview

Multiple Interviews

Inoculation

Minimization

Chapter 14 The AngerCycle

Provide an Explanation

Breaking the Anger Cycle

Presumptive Statement

Re-entering the Anger Cycle

Aggressive Probing

Chapter 15 Breaking theImpasse andOther Problems

Confronting Resistance

Pick a Number-Any Number

Up the Proverbial Waterway

The Sleep of the Righteous

Get Up and Go

Do You Feel Lucky?

Your Only Chance to Tell Your Side

Force Movement

Saving Face

Reasons for Cooperating

Hard Questions

Chapter 16 The End Game

Thank the Interviewee/Suspect

Resolve Dissonance

Provide Hope

Recontact

Escort the Interviewee to the Exit

The Interview Postmortem

APPENDIX

ANATOMY OF AN INTERVIEW

Facts

Planning the Interview

Interview Setting

Information Gleaned from the First Interview

Theme development

The Interview

Epilogue

REFERENCES

INDEX.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher ; resource not viewed.

Other Format:

Print version : Schafer, Jack, 1954- Advanced interviewing techniques

ISBN:

0-398-09397-0