Late Iron Age and Roman Settlement at Bozeat Quarry, Northamptonshire.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Atkins, Rob.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Excavations (Archaeology).

Iron age.

Bozeat (England).

Physical Description:

1 online resource (204 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Other Title:

Late Iron Age and Roman Settlement at Bozeat Quarry, Northamptonshire

Place of Publication:

Oxford : Archaeopress, 2018.

Summary:

MOLA (formerly Northamptonshire Archaeology), has undertaken intermittent archaeological work within Bozeat Quarry, Northamptonshire, over a twenty-year period from 1995-2016 covering an area of 59ha. This volume presents excavation findings including evidence of a Late Iron Age and Roman Settlement.

Contents:

Intro

Cover

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

List of Figures

List of Tables

Contributors

Acknowledgements

1: Introduction

Project background

Historical and archaeological background

Late Iron Age/Roman period

Saxon/medieval and later

Location, topography and geology

Archaeological work within Bozeat Quarry 1996-2016

1996

Desk-based assessment (NA 1996)

Fieldwalking (Holmes 1996)

Geophysical Survey (Holmes 1996)

Field 2 (Northern Settlement area)

Field 3

Field 4

Metal-detecting survey (Holmes 1996)

Trial excavation (Holmes 1997)

Test pits in Fields 1 and 4

Trial trenching

1997 Brief (Kidd 1997)

2000 Project Design (NA 2000)

2001 excavations

2001-2016 Excavations and watching briefs.

2002 watching brief

2003 and 2004 watching brief

2005 watching brief

2006 watching brief

2007 watching Brief

2008 watching brief

2009 watching brief

2010 watching brief

2011 watching brief

2012 watching brief

2013 watching brief

2014 and 2016 watching brief

Site phasing

Figure 1.1 Site location

Figure 1.2 Contours, cropmarks, field boundaries and Historic Environment Record (HER) overlaid by the areas of greatest archaeological interest defined in the archaeological brief (Kidd 1997)

Figure 1.3 Fieldwalking-Roman pottery distribution overlaying archaeological features (after Holmes 1996 fig 5)

Figure 1.4 Fieldwalking early-middle Saxon pottery distribution overlaying archaeological features (after Holmes 1996 fig 6)

Figure 1.5 Geophysical survey

Figure 1.6 Trial trenching and test pits 1997

Figure 1.7 Archaeological work by area and year

Figure 1.8 General site plan

2: The archaeological evidence

Period 1: Bronze Age to early Iron Age (c2000-400BC)

Cremation burial 52

Pit alignment.

Period 2: Middle to late Iron Age (c200BC to cAD 30)

Introduction

Southern Settlement (Field 3

Area 2)

Middle and southern extent of middle/late Iron Age settlement

Routeway 1 leading towards Ring Ditches 1 and 2 [628 and 675/677]

Boundary ditch [656/737] and curvilinear ditch [767] to the west

Boundary ditches in the southern half of the settlement

Pit Group 1

Possible boundary ditches [613 and 604] close to the two ring ditches

Southern Settlement boundary

Four ditches to the east of boundary ditch [656/737]

Linear and curvilinear ditches [681,683/764, 673/679, 685/693, 695, 699 and 10010]

Pit Groups 2-4 in the south-eastern area

Pits [731 and 739]

Northern part of middle/late Iron Age settlement

Period 3: Late pre-Roman Iron Age to late Roman (cAD 30 - c400)

Northern Settlement (cAD 30- middle/late 2nd century AD)

Period 3.1: The Northern Settlement - late Iron Age to early Roman (cAD30 - 100)

Pits in a possible open settlement

Planned settlement?

C-shaped Enclosures 3 and 4

Paddock 1 on northern side of Routeway 2

Pits or slots [95, 96 and 98]

Routeway 2

Enclosure 5

Boundaries of Enclosure 5

Paddock 2 and Routeway 3 within the western side of Enclosure 5

Sub-division(s) within Enclosure 5?

Paddocks and pits on the northern side of Enclosure 5

Pottery kilns (Figs 2.5-2.11)

Possible kiln/feature [78]

Kiln [89] (Fig 2.5)

Kiln [100]

Kiln [99]

Kiln [106] (Fig 2.6)

Kiln [109] (Fig 2.6)

Kiln [127] (Fig 2.7)

Kiln [174] (Fig 2.8)

Kiln [175] (Fig 2.9)

Kiln [176] (Fig 2.10)

Kiln [177] (Fig 2.11)

Kiln [178]

Enclosure 6

Internal sub-divisions within Enclosure 6

Pits and a posthole within Enclosure 6

Fields and paddocks on the south side of the Northern Settlement.

Period 3.2: Northern Settlement, early Roman (cAD100 - 150/175)

Cemetery 1

T-shaped corn dryer [170]

Ditches [129 and 138]

Pit group 5, other pits, waterhole and postholes

Period 3: Southern Settlement, late Iron Age and Roman (cAD 30 - cAD 400)

Period 3.1: The Southern Settlement - late Iron Age to early Roman (cAD30 - 100)

Central and western areas of main domestic settlement

Distribution of coins and brooches

Ring Ditch 3

Enclosure 7 and related field system

Area with a possible structure and pits

Paddock 11, Routeway 4 and other fragmentary ditches and pits

Burials

Cremation burial [231] and inhumation [263]

Cremations burials [7122 and 7124]

Domestic settlement area

Eastern area (Fig 2.20)

Enclosure 8 and external ditches

Kiln [5068]

Pits

Field system in the south and south-eastern areas (Period 3.1) (Fig 2.23)

Features within the southern area

Possible oven [534/536]

Possible routeway [44 and 36]

Features within the far south-eastern area

Possible kiln/oven [649]

Features in the northern part of the south-eastern area

Field system in the Northern area Period 3.1 (cAD30 -cAD100)

Enclosure 9

Internal divisions within Enclosure 9

External features to south-eastern of Enclosure 9

External paddocks to south of Enclosure 9

West of Enclosure 9

Period 3.2: early Roman (cAD 100-150/175)

Domestic area

Compartmentalised field system

Other ditches and pits outside the compartmentalised feature to the north-east

Period 3.2: early Roman field systems in the southern part of the settlement

Northern field area (cAD 100-150/175)

Pit Group 7

2006 settlement area

A possible building and pits

Stone building (walls 56 and 156) and possible courtyard surface

Corn dryer or malting oven [73/84].

Field system to the north of the settlement

Overview of Period 3.3b field system

Main field system area

Period 3.3: middle to late Roman (cAD 150/175 - 400)

Period 4: early to middle Saxon

Intrusive Saxon artefacts

Saxon features

Cemetery 2 (Human burials 11-14)

Period 5: Medieval to post-medieval

Figure 2.1. Bronze Age to early Iron Age features in northern area (Field 2)

Figure 2.2. Bronze Age to early Iron Age northern area cremation urn (50)

Figure 2.3. Southern Settlement middle to late Iron Age settlement

Figure 2.4 late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement

Figure 2.5 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kiln [89]

Figure 2.6 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kilns [106 and 109]

Figure 2.7 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kiln [127]

Figure 2.8 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kiln [174]

Figure 2.9 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kiln [175]

Figure 2.10 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kiln [176]

Figure 2.12. Early Roman Northern Settlement

Figure 2.13. Early Roman Northern Settlement HB5 [171], looking north

Figure 2.14. Early Roman Northern Settlement corn dryer [170]

Figure 2.15. Late Iron Age to late Roman Southern Settlement

Figure 2.16. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement 'domestic' area

Figure 2.17. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement brooch and coin distribution map and human burials located

Figure 2.18. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement burial [263]

Figure 2.19. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement cremation burial [7124]

Figure 2.20. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement eastern part of the 'domestic' area

Figure 2.21. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement kiln [5068].

Figure 2.22. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement pit [5092]

Figure 2.23. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement field system in the south-eastern area

Figure 2.24. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement oven [534/536]

Figure 2.25. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement kiln [649]

Figure 2.26. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement field system in the northern area

Figure 2.27. Early Roman Southern Settlement

Figure 2.28. Early Roman Southern Settlement southern area

Figure 2.29. Early Roman Southern Settlement southern area pit [89], looking south-east

Figure 2.30. Early Roman Southern Settlement southern area pits [111 and 100]

Figure 2.31. Early Roman Southern Settlement field system in the northern and eastern areas

Figure 2.32. Middle to late Roman Southern Settlement southern area

Figure 2.33. Middle to late Roman Southern Settlement southern area building wall (56)

Figure 2.34. Middle to late Roman Southern Settlement southern area corn dryer or malting oven [73/84]

Figure 2.35. Middle to late Roman Southern Settlement central area

Figure 2.36. Early to middle Anglo-Saxon features

Figure 2.37. Early to middle Saxon inhumation [741] (Cemetery 2)

Figure 2.38. Early to middle Saxon inhumation [744] (Cemetery 2)

Figure 2.39. Early to middle Saxon inhumation [747] (Cemetery 2)

Figure 2.40. Early to middle Saxon inhumation [756] (Cemetery 2)

3: Finds

A prehistoric burial urn

Iron Age and Roman pottery

Summary

Pottery overview

Period 1: Bronze Age to early Iron Age

Period 2: Middle to late Iron Age

Periods

Period 3.1: Late Iron Age to early Roman (cAD 30-100)

Ditch [145] (fill 132)

Pottery from the Late Iron Age/early Roman (Period 3.1) features

Kilns

Period 3.2: Early Roman (AD 100-150/175).

Period 3.3: Middle to late Roman (AD 150/175- 400).

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9781784918965

1784918962

OCLC:

1255228860