Phytate destruction : consequences for precision animal nutrition / edited by, C.L. Walk [and four others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Walk, C. L., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Animal nutrition.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (273 pages) : illustrations

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

The Netherlands : Wageningen Academic Publishers, [2016]

Summary:

Incorporating research chapters from academic authors around the world, this book focuses on the most recent scientific advances in understanding phytate; both IP6 and its esters. It examines phytate degradation patterns in the gastrointestinal tract, and investigates the relevance of gut microbiome and endogenous phosphatases on phytate breakdown, as well as regulation and functions of inositol diphosphates IP3, IP4, and IP7, IP8. It also identifies recommendations for formulating for minerals and amino acids in the presence of phytate, including the effects of phytase on protein bioavailability, and the impact of digestible Ca and P in both swine and poultry. This leading science and research is coupled with real-world pragmatism, including a focus on what industry stakeholders are currently doing to counter dietary phytate, and an overview of the role of nutrition in respect of bone health, meat quality, welfare, and antibiotic free production. As such, the content is relevant for scientists, nutritionists and producers alike.

Contents:

Intro

Table of contents

Foreword

Chapter 1 Update on phytate degradation pattern in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs and broiler chickens

M. Rodehutscord and P. Rosenfelder

Abstract

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Inositol phosphates in feedstuffs

1.3 Disappearance of InsP6 in the digestive tract of pigs and poultry

1.4 Role of endogenous mucosal phytases

1.5 Role of endogenous microbial phytases

1.6 Relevance of intrinsic plant phytase activity

1.7 Presence and potential relevance of InsPx isomers

1.8 Conclusions

References

Chapter 2 Relevance of gut microbiome and endogenous phosphatases on phytate breakdown in poultry - implications on phosphorus utilisation

D. Józefiak, R.M. Engberg and A. Ptak

2.1 Microbiota of the poultry gastrointestinal tract

2.2 Phytase, phytate and microbiota

2.3 Conclusions

Chapter 3 Reduction of phytate to tetrakisphosphate (IP4) to trisphosphate (IP3), or perhaps even lower, does not remove its antinutritive properties

M.R. Bedford and C.L. Walk

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Importance of IP4-IP1 in animal nutrition

3.3 Conclusions

Chapter 4 Cellular myo-inositol metabolism

K. Huber

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Transmembranal transport of myo-inositol

4.3 Cellular myo-inositol metabolism

4.4 Conclusions

Chapter 5 Inositol diphosphates: an expanding repertoire of functions and regulation

U. Padmanabhan, R.S. Kilari, L.J. Winward and S.T. Safrany

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Effector proteins downstream of inositol diphosphates

5.3 Biochemical regulation

5.4 Pharmacological regulation of the levels of inositol diphosphates

5.5 Conclusions

References.

Chapter 6 Low phytate nutrition - what is the pig and poultry industry doing to counter dietary phytate as an anti-nutrient and how is it being applied?

P. Wilcock and C.L. Walk

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Phytate phosphorus levels in raw materials

6.3 Optimising phytase use for phosphorus release

6.4 Phytate as an anti-nutrient

6.5 Low phytate nutrition - swine application

6.6 Conclusions

Chapter 7 Current and future amino acid formulation trends - phytate and phytase history and implications

M.T. Kidd, T.S. Nelson, R.D. Brister and M. Donohue

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Early phytase research

7.3 Phytate-protein interactions

7.4 Phytate, mucin, and amino acid nutrition

7.5 Precision nutrition and phytase research considerations

7.6 Conclusions

Chapter 8 Molecular pathways involved in amino acid and phosphorus utilization

S. Drid and M. Kidd

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Branched-chain amino acids, energy homeostasis and fat metabolism

8.3 Branched-chain amino acids in stress, health, and disease

8.4 Molecular pathways involved in phosphorus metabolism

8.5 Conclusions

Chapter 9 Phytase effects on protein and phosphorus bioavailability in fish diets

G.A. Morales, L. Marquez, A.J. Hernández and F.J. Moyano

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Phytic acid

9.3 Phytic acid within digestive tract

9.4 Phytases

9.5 Factors influencing phytase efficacy in fish

9.6 Phytase responses in fish

9.7 Phytase super-dosing in fish

9.8 Phytases and water pollution

9.9 Outlook

9.10 Conclusions

Chapter 10 Interactions between minerals and phytate degradation in poultry - challenges for phosphorus digestibility assays

M. Rodehutscord

10.1 Introduction.

10.2 Disappearance of inositol phosphates in the digestive tract of poultry

10.3 Relationship between precaecal InsP6 disappearance and P digestibility

10.4 Dietary variables affecting inositol phosphate disappearance

10.5 Interactions between supplements of P, Ca and phytase

10.6 Implications for P digestibility studies

10.7 Conclusions

Chapter 11 Phosphorus metabolism and transportation in the intestine

O.A. Olukosi

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Phosphate absorption

11.3 Phosphate transporter - NaPi-IIb

11.4 Ontogeny and expression of NaPi-IIb in the small intestinal sections

11.5 Dietary factors affecting NaPi-IIb expression

11.6 Conclusions

Chapter 12 Measurement of calcium digestibility in feed ingredients for poultry - methodology and challenges

M.N. Anwar and V. Ravindran

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Calcium sources for poultry

12.3 Absorption of calcium

12.4 Endogenous calcium losses

12.5 Calcium bioavailability

12.6 Ileal versus total tract calcium digestibility

12.7 Methodologies for calcium digestibility measurement

12.8 Challenges for the future

12.9 Digestible calcium requirements

12.10 Conclusions

Chapter 13 Establishing a digestible calcium requirement for pigs

H.H. Stein, L.A. Merriman and J.C. González-Vega

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Digestibility of calcium in feed ingredients

13.3 Calcium absorption

13.4 Requirements for digestible calcium by growing pigs

13.5 Conclusions

Chapter 14 Calcium transporters and gene expression and absorption of calcium in pigs

J.C. González-Vega and H.H. Stein

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Calcium absorption

14.3 Site of calcium absorption

14.4 Endocrine regulation of calcium homeostasis.

14.5 Gene expression of calcium transporters

14.6 Conclusions

Chapter 15 The role of phytate in formulating diets for trace minerals

P. Schlegel, C. Jondreville and Y. Nys

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Phytate as an antagonist to trace mineral bioavailability

15.3 Implications on diet formulations for poultry and swine

15.4 Conclusions

Chapter 16 From floor sweepings to fish flesh - phytase superdosing in the US catfish industry

E. Peatman and B.H. Beck

16.1 Background

16.2 Phytase superdosing in catfish: study highlights

16.3 Summary, future directions and key messages

Acknowledgments

Chapter 17 Trace minerals - what role should they play in today's poultry industry with respect to fast growth rate and woody breast?

T.W. York, M.R. Bedford and C.L. Walk

17.1 Introduction

17.2 Trace minerals

17.3 Natural defence system

17.4 Role of phytase and phytate

17.5 Conclusions

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed December 19, 2016).

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

90-8686-836-3

OCLC:

965770580